AAWO, AB, D. 70, f. 93r

Ex litteris domini Alexius Thurzó (*ca. 1490 – †1543), member of the Thurzó merchant family; in 1508, after the death of his father, he represented the interests of the Thurzó-Fugger enterprises at the royal court in Buda. After the Battle of Mohacs and the death of King Louis II, Alexius was a loyal supporter of the Habsburgs cause, and worked for the election of Ferdinand as King of Hungary and Bohemia; 1515-1522 royal secretary, 1522-1527 Lord Chief Treasurer, from 1527 Lord Chief Justice and from 1532 Vice-Regent of the areas under Habsburg domination (CE, vol. 3, p. 322-323)⌊Alexii ThurzonisAlexius Thurzó (*ca. 1490 – †1543), member of the Thurzó merchant family; in 1508, after the death of his father, he represented the interests of the Thurzó-Fugger enterprises at the royal court in Buda. After the Battle of Mohacs and the death of King Louis II, Alexius was a loyal supporter of the Habsburgs cause, and worked for the election of Ferdinand as King of Hungary and Bohemia; 1515-1522 royal secretary, 1522-1527 Lord Chief Treasurer, from 1527 Lord Chief Justice and from 1532 Vice-Regent of the areas under Habsburg domination (CE, vol. 3, p. 322-323)⌋

Nova haec habemus, quod exercitus et gentes serenissimi regis nostri die 2 praesentis mensis temptaverunt et conati sunt expugnare Buda (Ofen), city in Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube river, which divides Buda from Pest, capital of the Kingdom of Hungary; in 1873 Buda, Pest and Óbuda were unified to become Budapest⌊BudamBuda (Ofen), city in Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube river, which divides Buda from Pest, capital of the Kingdom of Hungary; in 1873 Buda, Pest and Óbuda were unified to become Budapest⌋ alias szturmowaly, sed non successit eis pro voto, sed propterea non est finis. Maiestas regia adhuc perseverat augendo et roborando exercitum suum et milite et aliis necessariis, etiam non attento hoc, quod per exploratores suos certo maiestas sua edocta et avisata est, quod Mechmeth Bascha et Begler Bek Romaniae in auxilium Budens(ibus) et ad accipiendam possessionem Budae deputati et expediti sunt et iam appulerunt ad Nander Albam. Habent secum circiter quadraginta vel quinquaginta milia hominum. Maiestas regia a Moravis obtinuit magna auxilia, in aliis dominiis hereditariis suae maiestatis etiam fiunt expeditiones. Nonnulli denique principes imperii spirituales et saeculares etiam civitates polliciti sunt maiestati regiae auxilia non contemnenda. Haec Magnificentiam Vestram latere nolui. Deus omnipotens concedere dignetur gratiam suam.

Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌈Dat(ae)Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌉ in probably Suceava (Suczawa)⌊Schtutavaprobably Suceava (Suczawa)⌋, die 6 Iunii anno 1541.

AAWO, AB, D. 70, f. 94r

Ex aliis litteris cuiusdam amici mei.

Dominus Alexius Thurzó (*ca. 1490 – †1543), member of the Thurzó merchant family; in 1508, after the death of his father, he represented the interests of the Thurzó-Fugger enterprises at the royal court in Buda. After the Battle of Mohacs and the death of King Louis II, Alexius was a loyal supporter of the Habsburgs cause, and worked for the election of Ferdinand as King of Hungary and Bohemia; 1515-1522 royal secretary, 1522-1527 Lord Chief Treasurer, from 1527 Lord Chief Justice and from 1532 Vice-Regent of the areas under Habsburg domination (CE, vol. 3, p. 322-323)⌊ThurzoAlexius Thurzó (*ca. 1490 – †1543), member of the Thurzó merchant family; in 1508, after the death of his father, he represented the interests of the Thurzó-Fugger enterprises at the royal court in Buda. After the Battle of Mohacs and the death of King Louis II, Alexius was a loyal supporter of the Habsburgs cause, and worked for the election of Ferdinand as King of Hungary and Bohemia; 1515-1522 royal secretary, 1522-1527 Lord Chief Treasurer, from 1527 Lord Chief Justice and from 1532 Vice-Regent of the areas under Habsburg domination (CE, vol. 3, p. 322-323)⌋ scio, quod cf. other letter Alexius THURZÓ UNKNOWN Suceava? 1541-06-06, CIDTC IDT 569⌊scribitcf. other letter Alexius THURZÓ UNKNOWN Suceava? 1541-06-06, CIDTC IDT 569⌋ Magnificentiae Vestrae, quae facies sit obsidionis Budensis, qua<m>vis ego multa scribere de hoc minime necessarium puto. Non tamen me possum continere, quin summarie non scribam aliquid.

Die Iovis proxima praeterita, quae fuit 2 mensis Iunii, mane horam ante diem nostri in animo statuer(un)t aggredi velle et temptare expugnationem Budae alias sturm. Et primo circa ducentae in trecentas personas deputatae et ad hoc ordinatae fuerant, ut scalas applicarent et totus exercitus stetit in ordine exspectans et volens aggredi expugnationem alias sthurm. Et cum iam vellent applicare scalas, tunc isti in civitate sagittando, ignes artificiales proicendo et ad omnes modos et genera defensionis intenti et parati viriliter resistere illis et repellere non cessarunt, immo et repulsam eis dederunt, ita quod a 2 hora usque ad sextam duravit hoc certamen et profecto isti, qui Budae fuerunt, animose nullum stratagema, vel ut vulgo dicunt fortel, praetermiserunt, ita quod etiam conatus nostrorum in cassum fluxere et nihil die illa laude dignum subsecutum est. Milites vel stipendiarii nostri, quos vocant „lanczknechthi” occubuere, non tamen in magno numero.

Spes datur et nobis et nostris, quod et caesar et rex noster omnino obsidionem Budensem continuare et expugnationem temptare non desistet. Et coniecturis multi elicere volunt tractari, adhuc secrete tamen, de deditione Budensium. Ego tamen affirmare illud nec impugnare volo. Melius quidem esset condicionibus etiam quibuscumque saltem honestis et tolerabilibus provinciae huic satis arduae inceptae finem imponere, quam tot iacturis et impensis sub dubio eventu laborare.

Fama est reginam cum filio et gynaeceo orig. genetio⌈gynaeceogynaeceo orig. genetio⌉ suo in Buda (Ofen), city in Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube river, which divides Buda from Pest, capital of the Kingdom of Hungary; in 1873 Buda, Pest and Óbuda were unified to become Budapest⌊castro BudensiBuda (Ofen), city in Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube river, which divides Buda from Pest, capital of the Kingdom of Hungary; in 1873 Buda, Pest and Óbuda were unified to become Budapest⌋ in certis locis subterraneis vel cellariis <abscondi> et propter pericula, et propter AAWO, AB, D. 70, f. 94v metum ex tam continua et incessante quasi iaculatione globorum ex bombardis imminentia. Deus omnia in melius vertat. Ego leaf deeply bound⌈[o]o leaf deeply bound⌉, quicquid sequetur, semper nacta opportunitate Magnificentiae Vestrae significare leaf deeply bound⌈[e]e leaf deeply bound⌉ neque gravabor neque praetermittam.

AAWO, AB, D. 56, f. 121r

Quid Regensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌊RatisponaeRegensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌋ fiat, q(uonia)m per celeres equos accepi litteras, visum est tibi communicare. V die Aprilis ex more Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ ingressus templum audivit missam de Spiritu Sancto. Philip I of Hesse der Großmütige (*1504 – †1567), 1509-1567 Landgrave of Hesse, actually in power from 1518; son of Wilhelm II of Hesse and Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, married to Christine of Saxony (daughter of Georg, Duke of Saxony), protector of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany, one of the leaders of the Schmalkaldic League (taken prisoner by emperor Charles V of Habsburg after the defeat at Mühlberg in 1547, but released in 1552) (ADB, 25, p. 765-783)⌊HessusPhilip I of Hesse der Großmütige (*1504 – †1567), 1509-1567 Landgrave of Hesse, actually in power from 1518; son of Wilhelm II of Hesse and Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, married to Christine of Saxony (daughter of Georg, Duke of Saxony), protector of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany, one of the leaders of the Schmalkaldic League (taken prisoner by emperor Charles V of Habsburg after the defeat at Mühlberg in 1547, but released in 1552) (ADB, 25, p. 765-783)⌋ in suo hospitio contionem audivit. Sub horam XI eius diei primae actionis proposit<i>o haec fuit: Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ velle et religionis ergo gravaminum Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniaeGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋ gratia hic esse, et agere, quod sedeat clementem(!) semper et maxima necessitas exigat. Item de auxiliis contra Thurcas, de reformanda politeia orig. politiia⌈politeiapoliteia orig. politiia⌉, quod ad religionis discidium attinet componendum, velit ipse viros bonae conscientiae et pacis studiosos deligere, nisi melius consilium afferant 14 Aprilis The Imperial Estates ⌊status imperiiThe Imperial Estates ⌋. Hac propositione intellecta a The Imperial Estates ⌊statibusThe Imperial Estates ⌋ omnibus communiter consultatum est, seorsum a nostris, seorsum a reliquis statibus. Nostri primum petierunt perduci colloquium coeptum Worms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌊WormatiaeWorms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌋. Cum autem Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊imperatorCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ perstaret in postulatione colloquii contractioris, consenserunt ei. Reliqui principes variarunt inter se, primum quod alii vellent collocutores eligendos esse a statibus, alii vero consentirent Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊imperatoriCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ permittendo electionem collocutorum. Verum ita ut ea statuum consilio fieret, posterior sententia apud status, quia electorum erat, obtinuit, sed ab Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊imperatoreCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ recepta non est, institit enim, ut sibi electio libere permitteretur. Pollicitus electurum se qui facile omnibus probarentur. Rursus igitur status in consilium ierunt et scissi sunt in quattuor partes. Alii enim Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊imperatoriCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋, quod petebat, simpliciter negandum esse censebant, alii simpliciter concedendum, qui medium inter has sententias quaerebant, divisi sunt inter duas sententias. Differre itaque rusum volebant dum Joachim II of Brandenburg Hector (Joachim II von Hohenzollern) (*1505 – †1571), son of Joachim I Nestor and Elisabeth von Oldenburg, 1524-1534 husband of Duchess Magdalena of Saxony, later (from 1535) of Jadwiga Jagiellon, daughter of King Sigismund I Jagiellon; 1535-1571 Prince-Elector of Brandenburg⌊marchio BrandenburgensisJoachim II of Brandenburg Hector (Joachim II von Hohenzollern) (*1505 – †1571), son of Joachim I Nestor and Elisabeth von Oldenburg, 1524-1534 husband of Duchess Magdalena of Saxony, later (from 1535) of Jadwiga Jagiellon, daughter of King Sigismund I Jagiellon; 1535-1571 Prince-Elector of Brandenburg⌋ adveniret. Sed Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊imperatorCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ institit, ut 14 Aprilis responderent. Consenserunt itaque tandem et Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊imperatorCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ electionem collocutorum habeat, sed cum ipsis, cum imperator, quos velit, nominaret, liceat excipere contra nominatos, si quidem videantur minus idonei. Haec sunt acta dierum novem. Legati civitatum reliquarum, quae inter catholiAAWO, AB, D. 56, f. 121vcas numerantur, dederunt et ipsi pro se responsum Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊imperatoriCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ nostro consonum. Nostris item adiunxerunt se Nordlinga et Dinckielspyel. Item legati ducis Bipontini.

Sunt plerique, qui reformationem iustam, plerique qui aliquam, sed non plenam, sunt qui prorsus nullam admissuri videntur. Dominus adsit nobis. Nostri inter se pulchre consentiunt et nemo est, qui quicquam velit concedere, quod ex verbo Dei non plane debeatur concedi. Idem et Joachim II of Brandenburg Hector (Joachim II von Hohenzollern) (*1505 – †1571), son of Joachim I Nestor and Elisabeth von Oldenburg, 1524-1534 husband of Duchess Magdalena of Saxony, later (from 1535) of Jadwiga Jagiellon, daughter of King Sigismund I Jagiellon; 1535-1571 Prince-Elector of Brandenburg⌊marchio Brandenburgensis electorJoachim II of Brandenburg Hector (Joachim II von Hohenzollern) (*1505 – †1571), son of Joachim I Nestor and Elisabeth von Oldenburg, 1524-1534 husband of Duchess Magdalena of Saxony, later (from 1535) of Jadwiga Jagiellon, daughter of King Sigismund I Jagiellon; 1535-1571 Prince-Elector of Brandenburg⌋ facturum se dixit. Exspectandum, quid Deus dare velit in istis comitiis, quem assidue pro ecclesia oremus atque pro iis, qui actioni adhibebuntur, ut prorsus Sathanas devincatur. Spes parva est, ut tamen aliquid ipsi eripiamus, et Christo addicamus, bona spes est. Nemo ex principibus prophanis repugnat. Iam propter solos Bavaros duos et unum Brusuicensem inter episcopos quoque sunt, qui reformationem desiderant. Ex eruditis Regensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌊RatisponaeRegensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌋ sunt Philipp Melanchthon (Philipp Schwartzerd) (*1497 – †1560), Lutheran theologian, humanist, Martin Luther's collaborator and friend, author of the Augsburg Confession. He was strongly influenced by Luther, whom he called his spiritual father. In 1519 he was present as a spectator at the disputation of Leipzig between Martin Luther and Johann Eck. He was also in attendance at the Diet of Augsburg (1530) and at the religious colloquy of Worms (1557)⌊Philippus MelanchtonPhilipp Melanchthon (Philipp Schwartzerd) (*1497 – †1560), Lutheran theologian, humanist, Martin Luther's collaborator and friend, author of the Augsburg Confession. He was strongly influenced by Luther, whom he called his spiritual father. In 1519 he was present as a spectator at the disputation of Leipzig between Martin Luther and Johann Eck. He was also in attendance at the Diet of Augsburg (1530) and at the religious colloquy of Worms (1557)⌋, Creicz ms. g(!) ⌈czcz ms. g(!) ⌉iger doctor, quattuor landtgravii contionatores, Erhardus Schnepfius et doctor Baltazar nomine ducis Vitembergensis, Martin Bucer (Martin Butzer, Martinus Buccer) (*1491 – †1551), German Protestant theologian and Reformer⌊BucerusMartin Bucer (Martin Butzer, Martinus Buccer) (*1491 – †1551), German Protestant theologian and Reformer⌋, John Calvin (*1509 – †1564), French theologian, leader of the Reformation⌊CalvinusJohn Calvin (*1509 – †1564), French theologian, leader of the Reformation⌋, Iohannes Bremensis et Martinus Frechtus Ulmensis. Johann Eck (Ioannes Eckius, Johann Maier von Eck) (*1486 – †1543)⌊EckiusJohann Eck (Ioannes Eckius, Johann Maier von Eck) (*1486 – †1543)⌋ eo tempore, quo Ratisponae fui, tamen non aderat.

Quia grave discidium est inter Brunsuicenses et Philip I of Hesse der Großmütige (*1504 – †1567), 1509-1567 Landgrave of Hesse, actually in power from 1518; son of Wilhelm II of Hesse and Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, married to Christine of Saxony (daughter of Georg, Duke of Saxony), protector of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany, one of the leaders of the Schmalkaldic League (taken prisoner by emperor Charles V of Habsburg after the defeat at Mühlberg in 1547, but released in 1552) (ADB, 25, p. 765-783)⌊LantdgraviumPhilip I of Hesse der Großmütige (*1504 – †1567), 1509-1567 Landgrave of Hesse, actually in power from 1518; son of Wilhelm II of Hesse and Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, married to Christine of Saxony (daughter of Georg, Duke of Saxony), protector of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany, one of the leaders of the Schmalkaldic League (taken prisoner by emperor Charles V of Habsburg after the defeat at Mühlberg in 1547, but released in 1552) (ADB, 25, p. 765-783)⌋ et ii duo in scissionibus imperii contigui sunt, Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊imperatorCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ Charles III of Savoy (*1486 – †1553), 1504-1553 Duke of Savoy⌊ducem SabaudiaeCharles III of Savoy (*1486 – †1553), 1504-1553 Duke of Savoy⌋ exulem inter hos duos collocavit. Proscindunt se graviter libellis, qui iam passim leguntur, et quo quisque laborat affectu, quae res ex animi sententia mihi dolet, videtur enim res indigna principibus et quae contemptum magistratus afferat. Sed cf. Verg. G. 1.514 ⌊fertur equis auriga nec audit currus habenascf. Verg. G. 1.514 ⌋.

BCz 245, p. 289

Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌈Dat(ae)Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌉ XXVIII Octobris MDXLI

Summatim, quae in causa istius viduae superinscribed in place of crossed-outdominae Barbarae⌈dominae Barbarae istius viduae istius viduae superinscribed in place of crossed-outdominae Barbarae⌉ consideranda sunt ex actis.

Vidua ista superinscribed in place of crossed-outIlla⌈Illa Vidua ista Vidua ista superinscribed in place of crossed-outIlla⌉ vivente marito, sub cuius in communibus bonis agebat potestate , sine mariti assensu pro nullo in communium [...] superinscribed⌈[...] paper damaged⌈[...][...] paper damaged⌉[...] superinscribed⌉ bonorum detrimentum [seu p]er se seu per [q]uemvis on the margin⌈seu p leaf deeply bound⌈[seu p]seu p leaf deeply bound⌉er se seu per q leaf deeply bound⌈[q]q leaf deeply bound⌉uemvis[seu p]er se seu per [q]uemvis on the margin⌉ alium spondere aut fideiubere potuit [...] paper damaged⌈[...][...] paper damaged⌉. In hac causa per alium, hoc est per filiam suam, quae tamen paper damaged⌈[amen]amen paper damaged⌉ ob id iuridice numquam fuit examinata, sponsionem fecisse insimulatur. Quod de iure subsistere nequit, quandoquidem, si quid solidi et firmi superinscribed⌈et fi written over...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉fifi written over...⌉rmiet firmi superinscribed⌉ [...]emptionibus [in] eiusmodi casi[b]us on the margin⌈[...] leaf deeply bound⌈[...][...] leaf deeply bound⌉emptionibus in leaf deeply bound⌈[in]in leaf deeply bound⌉ eiusmodi casib leaf deeply bound⌈[b]b leaf deeply bound⌉us[...]emptionibus [in] eiusmodi casi[b]us on the margin⌉ per mulierem fieri debet, hoc non potest nisi coram iudicio bannito fieri, ubi superinscribed in place of crossed-outcoram quo⌈coram quo fieri, ubi fieri, ubi superinscribed in place of crossed-outcoram quo⌉ sine tutore, quem de iure habere cogitur superinscribed in place of crossed-out[iure] addito⌈iure stain⌈[iure]iure stain⌉ addito quem ... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉ de iure habere cogitur quem de iure habere cogitur superinscribed in place of crossed-out[iure] addito⌉, nihil per eam agi conceditur. In hac vero sponsione, qua fa written overin⌈in fa fa written overin⌉lso impetitur superinscribed in place of crossed-outinsimulatur⌈insimulatur impetitur impetitur superinscribed in place of crossed-outinsimulatur⌉, et quam illa fecisse per se vel per alium superinscribed in place of crossed-outfiliam suam⌈filiam suam alium alium superinscribed in place of crossed-outfiliam suam⌉ fecisse constantissime negat, in eoque et a marito coram iudicio est defensa, nihil illiusmodi intervenit.

Quod adversarius dicit se illi scripturam super receptis mercibus dedisse illa postulante, ab eo per iuramentum sibi decretum se superinscribed in place of crossed-outet quod⌈et quod se se superinscribed in place of crossed-outet quod⌉ adversariae nihil debere written overuit⌈uitereere written overuit⌉ liberata agnoscitur.

Quos deinde adversarius mortuo marito testes produxit, primum <> Ioannem Falke superinscribed⌈Ioannem Falke or Fulke⌈FalkeFalke or Fulke⌉Ioannem Falke superinscribed⌉, qui iuravit, quod illa ei summam pecuniarum super eo debito pro mercibus solvere promisisset, de iure non subsistit, nemo enim pro se et in suum commodum iurare permittitur, quod contra iuris ordinem G written overper⌈per G G written overper⌉dani est permissum.

Item quod Scepanek Ruthenus superinscribed⌈RuthenusRuthenus superinscribed⌉ qui eas merces ab adversario huius viduae in suos usus percepit, et iuravit, homo utpote superinscribed⌈utpoteutpote superinscribed⌉ schismaticus, [...]iuraverit on the margin⌈[...] leaf deeply bound⌈[...][...] leaf deeply bound⌉iuraverit[...]iuraverit on the margin⌉ se superinscribed in place of crossed-outquod⌈quod se se superinscribed in place of crossed-outquod⌉ nomine ipsius viduae et in eius usus illas merces accepisset, minus subsistit, quam prior testis eo quod recta superinscribed⌈rectarecta superinscribed⌉ in proprium suum commodum iurave illegible⌈[ave]ave illegible⌉rit, cum solvendo pro iis mercibus quas in suos usus convertit(?) solvendo non esset. Quod [...]i accusatur A quo debi[te] petitur ut non [debi]tori, qui cre[di]tor est on the margin⌈[...] leaf deeply bound⌈[...][...] leaf deeply bound⌉i accusatur A quo debite leaf deeply bound⌈[te]te leaf deeply bound⌉ petitur ut non debi leaf deeply bound⌈[debi]debi leaf deeply bound⌉tori, qui credi leaf deeply bound⌈[di]di leaf deeply bound⌉tor est[...]i accusatur A quo debi[te] petitur ut non [debi]tori, qui cre[di]tor est on the margin⌉, si non superinscribed in place of crossed-outetiam(?)⌈etiam(?)nonnon superinscribed in place of crossed-outetiam(?)⌉ servus ipsius viduae fuisset, ut asseritur superinscribed⌈ut asseriturut asseritur superinscribed⌉, contra dominam suam in hoc casu superinscribed⌈in hoc casuin hoc casu superinscribed⌉ iurare non potuit.

Postremo quod Mikitha, qui illas merces emit superinscribed⌈qui illas merces emitqui illas merces emit superinscribed⌉, ex Vilna eundem superinscribed⌈eundemeundem superinscribed⌉ Rutenum Scepanek ut on the margin⌈utut on the margin⌉ socium suum tuetur, [qui]que etiam in [su]um commo[du]m iuraverit, [quod] ipse eas [m]erces solvat on the margin⌈qui leaf deeply bound⌈[qui]qui leaf deeply bound⌉que etiam in su leaf deeply bound⌈[su]su leaf deeply bound⌉um commodu leaf deeply bound⌈[du]du leaf deeply bound⌉m iuraverit, quod leaf deeply bound⌈[quod]quod leaf deeply bound⌉ ipse eas m leaf deeply bound⌈[m]m leaf deeply bound⌉erces solvat[qui]que etiam in [su]um commo[du]m iuraverit, [quod] ipse eas [m]erces solvat on the margin⌉, res plane suspecta est. Longe tamen absurdius, quod iudicium Gdanense decrevit superinscribed in place of crossed-outverat⌈veratvitvit superinscribed in place of crossed-outverat⌉, si adversarius iurare auserit, hanc superinscribed in place of crossed-outquod se⌈quod se hanc hanc superinscribed in place of crossed-outquod se⌉ viduam sibi superinscribed in place of crossed-outei(?)⌈ei(?) sibi sibi superinscribed in place of crossed-outei(?)⌉ eam pecuniarum summam pro eisdem superinscribed⌈eisdemeisdem superinscribed⌉ mercibus debeat debere, quod illam ad solvendum sit astricta. In tali nempe casu reo, qui accusatur superinscribed⌈qui accusaturqui accusatur superinscribed⌉, et non actori, qui creditor est superinscribed in place of crossed-out...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉qui creditor estqui creditor est superinscribed in place of crossed-out...⌉, decerni solet per iuramentum purgatio, hinc clare liquet iudicium contra omne ius et aequitatem adversario [co]n(tra) viduam on the margin⌈adversario co leaf deeply bound⌈[co]co leaf deeply bound⌉n(tra) viduamadversario [co]n(tra) viduam on the margin⌉ favisset etc.