CIDT&C Corpus of Ioannes Dantiscus' Texts & Correspondence

Letter #1575

[Ioannes DANTISCUS] to [Mauritius FERBER]
Cracow (Kraków), 1537-01-22

English register: Dantiscus is replying to three letters from Ferber. He thanks him for the news that the Warmia Chapter has elected him Ferber’s coadjutor with succession rights, and for helping him obtain this coadjutorship. He promises that upon returning (from the Diet) he will fulfill Ferber’s request concerning the election capitulations. Dantiscus informs Ferber that the provost (Paweł Płotowski) joined the Prussian gentry’s legation at the Diet. Płotowski intends to become a bishop with the gentry’s help. Wojciech Kijewski is this legation’s secretary. Johann von Werden is to inform Ferber about the speeches of Kijewski and Płotowski, which run counter to the interests of the Warmia and Chełmno dioceses. Dantiscus recounts his activities during the Diet. At the meeting of the Royal Council which he attended, the demands of the Prussian gentry were read to the king; these contradicted the promises made at the last assembly in Elbląg. The Prussian gentry’s envoys demanded from the king that he consult them when appointing lay and church officials in Prussia. After the demands were read, the king ordered that Dantiscus receive the Prussian gentry’s envoys the next day at his inn and try to reach an agreement with them. At a meeting on matters concerning Count Otto Heinrich (Wittelsbach), Dantiscus told the king in a direct conversation in German that the attempts had been to no avail. During this conversation the king strongly opposed the gentry’s demands, so Dantiscus is optimistic, despite the support that the gentry have from the queen and the Cracow voivode (Piotr Kmita). The king has entrusted Dantiscus with negotiating the issue of small towns with the Prussian gentry’s legation. The date of the swearing-in of the young king (Sigismund II Augustus) is not known yet. Some doubt whether it will take place at all. Waiting for this ceremony is the only reason why Dantiscus has remained in Cracow, as he has already spent 800 marcae. He will soon send Ferber a more extensive letter.

Manuscript sources:

1	register, 20th-century, B. PAU-PAN, 8248 (TK 10), f. 378
2	office copy in Latin, in secretary's hand, BCz, 244, p. 185-186
3	copy in Latin, 18th-century, BK, 232, p. 195-196
4	copy in Latin, 18th-century, B. Ossol., 151/II, f. 147r-148r
5	copy, 18th-century, BCz, 55 (TN), No. 3, p. 9-12
6	register with excerpt in Latin, Polish, 20th-century, B. PAU-PAN, 8243 (TK 5), a.1537, f. 5r-v

Prints:

1	CEID 1/1 No. 2, p. 133-136 (in extenso; English register)

Text & apparatus & commentary Plain text Text & commentary Text & apparatus

BCz, 242, p. 185

Reverendissime in Christo Pater et Domine, Domine mi observandissime. Salutem et mei commendationem plurimam.

Quando Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊maiestas regia ms 2 3 4 iunior,
ms 1 iuni[or] paper damaged⌈iuniorms 2 3 4 iunior,
ms 1 iuni[or] paper damaged⌉Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋ iurare debebit, nondum satis certum est[9]. Quidam etiam dubitant; ista nos hic tenet expectatio cum meo magno incommodo et detrimento. Iam siquidem octingentas marcas nostras absumpsi nesciens adhuc, quo tempore hinc absolvar. Domino Deo me commisi, cf. Vulg. Hbr 11. 40 Deo pro nobis melius aliquid providente, ut non sine nobis consummarentur. ⌊Ille sua immensa misericordia mihi providebitcf. Vulg. Hbr 11. 40 Deo pro nobis melius aliquid providente, ut non sine nobis consummarentur. ⌋. Eius divinam precor Maiestatem, ut Dominationem Vestram Reverendissimam quam diutissime pro singulari mea consolatione incolumem et felicem conservet, cuius paterno amori me summopere commendo, rogoque has extemporarias boni consulere dignetur, paulopost per proprium nuntium de omnibus diffusius scripturus.

Datum Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋, XXII Ianuarii anno 1537

[1] On December 1, 1536 Dantiscus was designated by the Warmia Chapter for the post of coadjutor to Warmia bishop Maurycy Ferber, but did not manage to obtain the official papal confirmation of his appointment before Ferber died (July 1, 1537).

[2] From the mid-15th century the Warmia Chapter presented every bishop elect with election capitulations (the articuli iurati) for him to sign. These obligated the bishop to defend the rights and privileges of the Church in Warmia and to recognize that the Chapter and the bishop were partners in managing the diocese. The capitulations also concerned more detailed issues of finances and jurisdiction. (cf. cf. Teresa Borawska, Tiedemann Giese (1480-1550) w życiu wewnętrznym Warmii i Prus Królewskich, Olsztyn, 1984 ⌊BORAWSKA 1984cf. Teresa Borawska, Tiedemann Giese (1480-1550) w życiu wewnętrznym Warmii i Prus Królewskich, Olsztyn, 1984 ⌋, p. 75, 76, 209), and also cf. Oath of Ioannes Dantiscus to Ermland (Warmia) Chapter (<i>articuli iurati episcopi Ioannis</i>), CIDTC IDT 298⌊Articuli iurati Episcopi Ioannis Dantiscicf. Oath of Ioannes Dantiscus to Ermland (Warmia) Chapter (<i>articuli iurati episcopi Ioannis</i>), CIDTC IDT 298⌋).

[3] The Royal Prussian gentry’s legation to the 1536/37 Diet included: Chełmno district judge Jerzy Plemięcki (Georg von Plement, Georgius a Clementh) (*before 1490 – †after 1544), 1517-1528 Kulm alderman; 1531-1545 - district judge (MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 131; Urzędnicy 5/2, s. 227)⌊Jerzy PlemięckiJerzy Plemięcki (Georg von Plement, Georgius a Clementh) (*before 1490 – †after 1544), 1517-1528 Kulm alderman; 1531-1545 - district judge (MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 131; Urzędnicy 5/2, s. 227)⌋ and aldermen Fabian Wolski ⌊Fabian WolskiFabian Wolski ⌋ and Maciej Mgowski at least in 1536 Kulm alderman; 1536-1537 envoy of Prussian nobility to Cracow (MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 131)⌊Maciej MgowskiMaciej Mgowski at least in 1536 Kulm alderman; 1536-1537 envoy of Prussian nobility to Cracow (MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 131)⌋ (cf. e.g. cf. Janusz Małłek, Prusy Książęce a Prusy Królewskie w latach 1525 - 1548. Studium z dziejów polskiej polityki księcia Albrechta Hohenzollerna, Warszawa, 1976, series: Rozprawy i Materiały Ośrodka Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha. Kętrzyńskiego w Olsztynie 53 ⌊MAŁŁEK 1976cf. Janusz Małłek, Prusy Książęce a Prusy Królewskie w latach 1525 - 1548. Studium z dziejów polskiej polityki księcia Albrechta Hohenzollerna, Warszawa, 1976, series: Rozprawy i Materiały Ośrodka Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha. Kętrzyńskiego w Olsztynie 53 ⌋, p. 131) and was accompanied to Cracow by Warmia canons Paweł Płotowski (*ca. 1485 – †1547), in 1523, after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański), Płotowski was one of the King's four candidates for the post of the bishop of Ermland; in 1530 and 1537, after the death of Jan Konopacki (Johann von Konopat) Sr and Dantiscus' transfer to the bishopric of Ermland, he made an effort to obtain the dignity of bishop of Kulm; from 1522 Provost of the Ermland (Warmia) Chapter, and from 1523 Canon of Ermland; secretary to Crown Grand Chancellor Krzysztof Szydłowiecki, and from 1533 royal secretary and courtier; in the thirties and forties several times royal envoy to the Royal Prussian Estates (SBKW, p. 191; KOPICZKO 2, p. 249-250)⌊Paweł PłotowskiPaweł Płotowski (*ca. 1485 – †1547), in 1523, after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański), Płotowski was one of the King's four candidates for the post of the bishop of Ermland; in 1530 and 1537, after the death of Jan Konopacki (Johann von Konopat) Sr and Dantiscus' transfer to the bishopric of Ermland, he made an effort to obtain the dignity of bishop of Kulm; from 1522 Provost of the Ermland (Warmia) Chapter, and from 1523 Canon of Ermland; secretary to Crown Grand Chancellor Krzysztof Szydłowiecki, and from 1533 royal secretary and courtier; in the thirties and forties several times royal envoy to the Royal Prussian Estates (SBKW, p. 191; KOPICZKO 2, p. 249-250)⌋ and Wojciech Kijewski (Wojciech Kijowski, Wojciech Kilewski, Albert Kijowski) (*ca. 1495 – †1566), from 1518 scribe in the royal chancellery; 1531-1535 secretary to Vice-Chancellor Piotr Tomicki; from 1532 Dean of the Collegiate Chapter in Sącz; from 1523 Canon of Kulm (Chełmno); from 1532 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); from 1533 Canon of Włocławek; from 1547 Canon of Cracow; representative of the Ermland Church at the royal court (KOPICZKO 2, p. 147; SBKW, p. 112-113)⌊Wojciech KijewskiWojciech Kijewski (Wojciech Kijowski, Wojciech Kilewski, Albert Kijowski) (*ca. 1495 – †1566), from 1518 scribe in the royal chancellery; 1531-1535 secretary to Vice-Chancellor Piotr Tomicki; from 1532 Dean of the Collegiate Chapter in Sącz; from 1523 Canon of Kulm (Chełmno); from 1532 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); from 1533 Canon of Włocławek; from 1547 Canon of Cracow; representative of the Ermland Church at the royal court (KOPICZKO 2, p. 147; SBKW, p. 112-113)⌋.

[4] Johann von Werden as a representative of the three great Prussian cities, together with Dantiscus and Jerzy Konopacki, he was in the Prussian Council’s legation to the 1536/37 Diet (cf. SBPN; cf. Janusz Małłek, Prusy Książęce a Prusy Królewskie w latach 1525 - 1548. Studium z dziejów polskiej polityki księcia Albrechta Hohenzollerna, Warszawa, 1976, series: Rozprawy i Materiały Ośrodka Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha. Kętrzyńskiego w Olsztynie 53 ⌊MAŁŁEK 1976cf. Janusz Małłek, Prusy Książęce a Prusy Królewskie w latach 1525 - 1548. Studium z dziejów polskiej polityki księcia Albrechta Hohenzollerna, Warszawa, 1976, series: Rozprawy i Materiały Ośrodka Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha. Kętrzyńskiego w Olsztynie 53 ⌋, p. 131).

[5] The Prussian gentry’s legation presented the king with gravamina containing about 20 objections, mainly against the Prussian Council and against the domination of the great cities (especially Gdańsk) over the region. The gravamina concerned economic matters (taxes, commerce, customs duty, measures and weights, minting of coins), legal issues (court procedure, court fine amounts, interpretation of the law on indigenousness, codification of Chełmno law, attacks by noblemen from neighboring voivodeships, accusations against Johann von Werden), administrative matters (the procedure of convoking general and particular assemblies, marking of territorial borders in Prussia), and defense (vetting) (print: cf. Gottfried Lengnich, Geschichte der Preussischen Lande Königlich-Polnischen Antheils Seit dem Jahr 1526, Biss auf den Todt Königes Sigismundi I, vol. 1, Dantzig, Johann Daniel Stollen, 1722 ⌊LENGNICHcf. Gottfried Lengnich, Geschichte der Preussischen Lande Königlich-Polnischen Antheils Seit dem Jahr 1526, Biss auf den Todt Königes Sigismundi I, vol. 1, Dantzig, Johann Daniel Stollen, 1722 ⌋, doc. No. 73, p. 173-183).

[6] The Royal Prussian assembly in Elbląg on September 29, 1536.

[7] The Prussian Council legation’s written opinion on the gentry’s gravamina, presented to the king, contained detailed responses to all the problems listed by the gentry’s envoys. The text of this opinion was published by Lengnich (cf. Gottfried Lengnich, Geschichte der Preussischen Lande Königlich-Polnischen Antheils Seit dem Jahr 1526, Biss auf den Todt Königes Sigismundi I, vol. 1, Dantzig, Johann Daniel Stollen, 1722 ⌊LENGNICHcf. Gottfried Lengnich, Geschichte der Preussischen Lande Königlich-Polnischen Antheils Seit dem Jahr 1526, Biss auf den Todt Königes Sigismundi I, vol. 1, Dantzig, Johann Daniel Stollen, 1722 ⌋, doc. No. 74, p. 183-190.).

[8] Old German: Das ist nicht ihr Ding, es wird nichts daraus (free translation: This is not their business, so nothing will come of it ).

[9] The swearing-in of Sigismund II Augustus took place on February 4, 1537 (cf. cf. [Ioannes DANTISCUS] to [Mauritius FERBER] Cracow, 1537-02-11, CIDTC IDL 1579⌊IDL 1579cf. [Ioannes DANTISCUS] to [Mauritius FERBER] Cracow, 1537-02-11, CIDTC IDL 1579⌋).