CIDT&C Corpus of Ioannes Dantiscus' Texts & Correspondence

Letter #1015

Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS
Vienna, 1533-10-08

English register: Shortly after his return to Vienna, De Schepper sends to Dantiscus an account of his embassy to Constantinople.

He is pleased with the letter from Dantiscus which the Archbishop of Lund [Johan Weze] handed to him. Although he is satisfied with what he currently has, he wishes that his princes would show more appreciation for him. He has always tried to achieve results not by flattery or intrigue, but through loyal dedication and zeal, and to bear fortune and misfortune with equanimity. He longs to meet Dantiscus but his duty forces him to travel to Spain, with only a stopover of three days at home in Flanders. Indeed, his current mission is of crucial international importance.

There follows a brief account of the facts.

After the retreat of the Sultan [Suleiman the Magnificent] from Hungary last year, the King of the Romans [Ferdinand I] sent Hieronymus of Zadar as an envoy to the Sultan. The envoy reported that the Sultan was willing to negotiate a peace treaty with King Ferdinand, and intended to involve the Emperor [Charles V] in it. Subsequently the Sultan sent an envoy to King Ferdinand to verify the statements of the King's envoy. At that time De Schepper and Weze were staying in Vienna as ambassadors of the Emperor. De Schepper was commissioned to travel to Constantinople as an ambassador on behalf of King Ferdinand. There he was confronted with a troubled situation, caused by the rebellion of wicked Christians. Meanwhile the envoys had frequent conversations with Ibrahim Pasha and Alvise Gritti, who hold all the power.

On July 23, the peace treaty was signed in the presence of the Sultan and three of the pashas. De Schepper and Hieronymus of Zadar acted for King Ferdinand. Unlike the treaty with Poland, this one involves an everlasting peace (pax in perpetuum). King Ferdinand retains his present territories, without paying any tribute, and he has good hope of expanding his rule over the entire Kingdom of Hungary. Of this, only four people have been informed, including De Schepper himself.

The Sultan promised his support to King Ferdinand against possible enemies, and called him his son. This unexpected success is entirely due to God's will, as neither rhetorical nor diplomatic skills can influence the decision of an autocrat. Emperor Charles could have been involved in this peace, but he wished not to be mentioned. De Schepper explains the Sultan's desire for peace by pointing out the failure of his military expedition of the previous year, the great losses he has suffered thereby, the smouldering revolt among the Greeks and his Christian subjects, the threat from the Persians in the East, and the defection of many janissaries to the Shah [Tahmāsp I].

Admiral Andrea Doria managed to break the naval blockade of the city of Corona by the Turks, and the siege on the landside was also lifted, so that the town could be secured for the Emperor.

For some reason yet unknown, the Pope [Clement VII] will not travel to Nice, but will go to Marseille for a meeting with the King of France [Francis I].

De Schepper wishes Dantiscus and his family the best, and sends greetings by Johan Weze.

received 1534-02-02

Manuscript sources:

1	fair copy in Latin, autograph, UUB, H. 154, f. 120-121
2	copy in Latin, 18th-century, LSB, BR 19, No. 21
3	copy in Latin, 18th-century, SUB, Sup. Ep. 4-o 41, No. 13, f. 11v-13r
4	copy in Latin, 18th-century, SBB, MS Lat. Quart. 101, No. 12, f. 33v-37v
5	copy in Latin, 18th-century, SLUB, C 110, f. 45v-51r
6	copy in Latin, 18th-century, BCz, 1366, p. 98-106
7	copy in Latin, 18th-century, B. Ossol., 151/II, f. 14r-16r
8	copy in Latin, 18th-century, BCz, 49 (TN), No. 244, p. 689-694
9	register with excerpt in Latin, English, 20th-century, CBKUL, R.III, 30, No. 81

Auxiliary sources:

1	register in Polish, 20th-century, B. PAU-PAN, 8247 (TK 9), f. 378

Early printed source materials:

1	Monumenta inedita p. 429-432 (in extenso)

Prints:

1	AT 15 No. 485, p. 678-681 (in extenso; Polish register)
2	DE VOCHT 1961 No. DE, 262, p. 185 (English register; excerpt)
3	Españoles part II, No. 74, p. 244-246 (excerpt in Spanish translation)
4	CEID 2/2 (Letter No. 56) p. 259-266 (in extenso; English register)

Text & apparatus & commentary Plain text Text & commentary Text & apparatus

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ episcopo Culmensi, domino tamquam patri honorandissimo

In Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiaPrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋

Reverendissime in Christo Pater, Domine et Pater honorandissime.

Praemissa humili oblatione obsequiorum meorum.

Deo sit laus et gloria, qui et te hactenus servavit incolumem, et me ex periculosa legatione reduxit cf. Fro. Caes. 1.9.7 Certe hilaris es, certe bene vales, omnium rerum certe sanus es; Fro. Caes. 3.12.1 Ego beatus hilaris sanus iuvenis denique fio, quom tu ita proficis ⌊sanum et hilaremcf. Fro. Caes. 1.9.7 Certe hilaris es, certe bene vales, omnium rerum certe sanus es; Fro. Caes. 3.12.1 Ego beatus hilaris sanus iuvenis denique fio, quom tu ita proficis ⌋. Nolo enim te nescire duodecima Aprilis hinc solvisse Cornelium, qui XX-o die mensis Maii appulit Constantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌊ConstantinopolimConstantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌋ rebusque confectis rursum rediit Vienna (Wien, Vienna), city in eastern Austria, on the Danube river⌊ViennamVienna (Wien, Vienna), city in eastern Austria, on the Danube river⌋ vicesimo Septembris, ubi cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1533, before September 11, CIDTC IDL 6890, letter lost⌊litterascf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1533, before September 11, CIDTC IDL 6890, letter lost⌋ tuas apud Johan Weze (*1490 – †1548), secretary to King Christian II of Denmark; in 1522 nominated Archbishop of Lund; in 1527 was banished from Denmark as Christian II's secretary, and joined the service of Emperor Charles V as his diplomat, 1537-1548 Bishop of Constance (WHALEY, p. 314)⌊reverendissimum dominum LundensemJohan Weze (*1490 – †1548), secretary to King Christian II of Denmark; in 1522 nominated Archbishop of Lund; in 1527 was banished from Denmark as Christian II's secretary, and joined the service of Emperor Charles V as his diplomat, 1537-1548 Bishop of Constance (WHALEY, p. 314)⌋ invenit, plenas illas solitae et cognitissimae mihi humanitatis tuae. Ad cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1533, before September 11, CIDTC IDL 6890, letter lost⌊quascf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1533, before September 11, CIDTC IDL 6890, letter lost⌋ quid aliud respondere possum, quam habere me tibi maximas gratias, quas retributurus est omnium retributor. Cuius gratia mihi nihil deperiit hactenus, nam iacturarum fortunae et hereditatum iam pridem oblitus sum estque adhuc satis domi, quod me ab egestate tueatur. cf. Vulg. Prv 30:8 Mendacitatem et divitias ne dederis mihi, tribue tantum victui meo necessaria ⌊Divitias autem et paupertatem ne dederis mihi, Domine etc.cf. Vulg. Prv 30:8 Mendacitatem et divitias ne dederis mihi, tribue tantum victui meo necessaria ⌋.[1] Forte etiam principes nostri aliquando mutabunt sententiam, apud quos non potui noluique favorem adulationibus, delationibus blanditiisque et ceteris talibus artibus, verum sedulo agendo et bene inserviendo nullos labores, nulla pericula recusando, prospera adversa aeque ferendo parare. His artibus, quibus a pueritia vel te teste assuevi, si quid profecero, bene quidem, sin minus, abunde virtus pro praemio est. Nihil aeque cupio ac te semel invisere, sed me nunc alio cf. Luc. 2.287 sed quo fata trahunt, virtus secura sequetur; V. Fl. 3.717 fata trahunt; Verg. A. 5.709 Nate dea, quo fata trahunt retrahuntque sequamur ⌊fata trahuntcf. Luc. 2.287 sed quo fata trahunt, virtus secura sequetur; V. Fl. 3.717 fata trahunt; Verg. A. 5.709 Nate dea, quo fata trahunt retrahuntque sequamur ⌋, hodie enim aut cras omnino per equos dispositos sum profecturus ad Spain (Hispania)⌊HispaniasSpain (Hispania)⌋ per Flanders (Flandria), county in the Low Countries, part of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, today corresponding to the Belgian provinces of Western Flanders and Eastern Flanders, the region of Zeeuws-Vlaanderen in the Netherlands and part of the Département du Nord in France⌊FlandriamFlanders (Flandria), county in the Low Countries, part of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, today corresponding to the Belgian provinces of Western Flanders and Eastern Flanders, the region of Zeeuws-Vlaanderen in the Netherlands and part of the Département du Nord in France⌋, ubi non haerebo supra quam triduum, nam res istae tanti sunt momenti, ut ex illis totus orbis, cf. Liv. 9.19.15, 28.39.11, 36.7.7 ⌊absit verbo invidiacf. Liv. 9.19.15, 28.39.11, 36.7.7 ⌋, quasi dependeat, cf. Verg. A. 12.764-765 neque enim levia aut ludicra petuntur praemia ⌊ nec enim levia aut ludicra petuntur praemiacf. Verg. A. 12.764-765 neque enim levia aut ludicra petuntur praemia ⌋, ut Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro) (*70 BC – †19 BC), ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period, author of the Aeneid and many other works⌊poetaVirgil (Publius Vergilius Maro) (*70 BC – †19 BC), ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period, author of the Aeneid and many other works⌋ ait.

Repperi quaedam turbatiora, quam speraveram, nam mali aliquot Christiani pro sua virili rem conati erant subvertere, quod in parte etiam fecerant. Tandem cum İbrahim Pasha (*ca. 1493 – †1536), in 1536 the Sultan, worried about his growing importance, had him strangled and confiscated his property; 1523-1536 Grand Vizier and Serasker (supreme commander of the army) of Sultan Suleiman I and his trusted advisor (AT 16/1, No. 147, p. 286-295; CLOT 2012, p. 94-98; DZIUBIŃSKI, p. 104-106, 112-114; POCIECHA 4, p. 192)⌊Imbrahimo Bassaİbrahim Pasha (*ca. 1493 – †1536), in 1536 the Sultan, worried about his growing importance, had him strangled and confiscated his property; 1523-1536 Grand Vizier and Serasker (supreme commander of the army) of Sultan Suleiman I and his trusted advisor (AT 16/1, No. 147, p. 286-295; CLOT 2012, p. 94-98; DZIUBIŃSKI, p. 104-106, 112-114; POCIECHA 4, p. 192)⌋ et Alvise Gritti (Lodovico Gritti) (*1480 – †1534), illegitimate son of Andrea Gritti, one of the most influential people in the Hungarian Kingdom under the reign of John Zápolya; 1530-1534 Governor and Chief Captain of Hungary (SZÁKALY)⌊Aloisio GrytiAlvise Gritti (Lodovico Gritti) (*1480 – †1534), illegitimate son of Andrea Gritti, one of the most influential people in the Hungarian Kingdom under the reign of John Zápolya; 1530-1534 Governor and Chief Captain of Hungary (SZÁKALY)⌋, penes quos summa rerum est omnium, frequenter congressi, Deo volente, in praesentia magni Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊caesaris ThurcarumSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ conclusimus firmam et honestam et longam pacem inter praefatum magnum caesarem et Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊Ferdinandum regemFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋, ipsorum regna et dominia. Conclusa est autem haec pax vicesima tertia Iunii in cubiculo praefati magni Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊caesarisSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ in praesentia ipsius et trium bassarum summorum (nam quartus, paulo antequam venirem, obierat diem) Hieronymus of Zadar (de Zara), Ferdinand I's envoy to Constantinople in 1533⌊HieronymoHieronymus of Zadar (de Zara), Ferdinand I's envoy to Constantinople in 1533⌋ et Cornelio agentibus.

De cuius pacis condicionibus haec habe: durabit non per quattuor vitas, ut vestra, quam conclusit Piotr Opaliński (Piotr Opaleński, Piotr Opalenicki) (*ca. 1480 – †1551), 1507-1528 royal secretary, 1528 castellan of Międzyrzec, 1529 - of Ląd, 1535 - of Gniezno, 1530 tutor of young Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon, 1537 steward of his court, 1532-1533 royal envoy to Turkey, 1536 - to Rome, Roman King Ferdinand and Emperor Charles V, 1539 - to John Zápolya (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 260)⌊OpalynskyPiotr Opaliński (Piotr Opaleński, Piotr Opalenicki) (*ca. 1480 – †1551), 1507-1528 royal secretary, 1528 castellan of Międzyrzec, 1529 - of Ląd, 1535 - of Gniezno, 1530 tutor of young Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon, 1537 steward of his court, 1532-1533 royal envoy to Turkey, 1536 - to Rome, Roman King Ferdinand and Emperor Charles V, 1539 - to John Zápolya (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 260)⌋, sed in perpetuum, donec enim ipsam Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊Ferdinandus rexFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ servaverit et sui heredes et successores, tamdiu eam The Ottomans, the house of Osman ⌊domus OthomannaThe Ottomans, the house of Osman ⌋ iuravit servare omni sine fraude et sedatis etiam minimis incursionibus. Aliam enim et firmiorem nobiscum servare promisit, quam cum aliis, puta cum Citizens of the Republic of Venice ⌊VenetisCitizens of the Republic of Venice ⌋ et vobiscum. Ita locutus est ore suo et ipse Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊caesarSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋, et İbrahim Pasha (*ca. 1493 – †1536), in 1536 the Sultan, worried about his growing importance, had him strangled and confiscated his property; 1523-1536 Grand Vizier and Serasker (supreme commander of the army) of Sultan Suleiman I and his trusted advisor (AT 16/1, No. 147, p. 286-295; CLOT 2012, p. 94-98; DZIUBIŃSKI, p. 104-106, 112-114; POCIECHA 4, p. 192)⌊Imbrahimus Bassaİbrahim Pasha (*ca. 1493 – †1536), in 1536 the Sultan, worried about his growing importance, had him strangled and confiscated his property; 1523-1536 Grand Vizier and Serasker (supreme commander of the army) of Sultan Suleiman I and his trusted advisor (AT 16/1, No. 147, p. 286-295; CLOT 2012, p. 94-98; DZIUBIŃSKI, p. 104-106, 112-114; POCIECHA 4, p. 192)⌋, quorum caesar Ferdinandum in filium, Imbrahimus Bassa in fratrem suscepit. Quaecumque habet Ferdinandus, retinet et retinebit sine ullo tributo soluto aut solvendo, aut ulla angaria qualicumque. De toto autem Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊regno HungariaeHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋ assequendo spes illi non parva facta est. De qua spe neque Hieronim Łaski (Jarosław Łaski, Hieronymus de Lasco) (*1496 – †1541), diplomat in the service of Sigismund I Jagiellon and John I Zápolya, representing them in diplomatic contacts with Ferdinand I of Habsburg and Sultan Suleiman I; 1520-1522 Crown Carver, 1522-1523 Voivode of Inowrocław, 1523-1541 Voivode of Sieradz, from 1528 Zupan of the Spiš district; from 1530 Voivode of Transylvania (PSB 18, p. 225-229)⌊LaskyHieronim Łaski (Jarosław Łaski, Hieronymus de Lasco) (*1496 – †1541), diplomat in the service of Sigismund I Jagiellon and John I Zápolya, representing them in diplomatic contacts with Ferdinand I of Habsburg and Sultan Suleiman I; 1520-1522 Crown Carver, 1522-1523 Voivode of Inowrocław, 1523-1541 Voivode of Sieradz, from 1528 Zupan of the Spiš district; from 1530 Voivode of Transylvania (PSB 18, p. 225-229)⌋ vester, neque quisquam praeter quattuor, inter quos Hieronymus of Zadar (de Zara), Ferdinand I's envoy to Constantinople in 1533⌊Hieronymus de ZaraHieronymus of Zadar (de Zara), Ferdinand I's envoy to Constantinople in 1533⌋ et Cornelius Duplicius Scepperus duo sunt, quicquam omnino novit. Scio, quid scribatur, quid dicatur, sed veritas elucebit et cf. Vulg. Mt 11:15, 13:9:1; Vulg. Lc 8:8:3, 35:3; Vulg. Mc 4:9:1, 4:23:1, 7:16:1 ⌊qui habet aures audiendi, audiatcf. Vulg. Mt 11:15, 13:9:1; Vulg. Lc 8:8:3, 35:3; Vulg. Mc 4:9:1, 4:23:1, 7:16:1 ⌋, cf. Vulg. Cor2 6:15 Qui sordet sordescat; Vulg. Apc 22:11 Qui nocet, noceat adhuc: et qui in sordibus est, sordescat adhuc: et qui iustus est, iustificetur adhuc: et sanctus, sanctificetur adhuc ⌊qui autem sordet, sordescatcf. Vulg. Cor2 6:15 Qui sordet sordescat; Vulg. Apc 22:11 Qui nocet, noceat adhuc: et qui in sordibus est, sordescat adhuc: et qui iustus est, iustificetur adhuc: et sanctus, sanctificetur adhuc ⌋, cf. Vulg. Cor1 1:19 Scriptum est enim: perdam sapientiam sapientum, et intelligentiam intelligentum auferam e medio; Vulg. Is 29:14 Ideo ecce ego addam, ut admirationem faciam / populo huic miraculo grandi et stupendo; / peribit enim sapientia a sapientibus eius, / et intellectus prudentium eius abscondetur ⌊adhuc prope est enim iudicium ipsius, et perdet Deus sapientiam sapientum, et prudentiam prudentum confundetcf. Vulg. Cor1 1:19 Scriptum est enim: perdam sapientiam sapientum, et intelligentiam intelligentum auferam e medio; Vulg. Is 29:14 Ideo ecce ego addam, ut admirationem faciam / populo huic miraculo grandi et stupendo; / peribit enim sapientia a sapientibus eius, / et intellectus prudentium eius abscondetur ⌋. Pollicetur Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊caesar ThurcarumSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ auxilia Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊FerdinandoFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ filio suo adversus quoscumque.

Haec est summa rerum neque plus, neque minus est. Ego numquam credidissem The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊hanc gentemThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ iis condicionibus venturam ad pacem, venit tamen. In qua re nihil nisi voluntas Dei intermedium fuit, neque enim ibi quicquam valet dexteritas, eloquentia, prudentia, adulatio, blanditiae nec subtilitas, sed mera voluntas barbara, nec locum habent ibi parva logicalia, nec Peter of Spain (Petrus Hispanus) (fl. 13th century), Italian philosopher and physician, author of "Summulae logicales magistri Petri Hispani"⌊Petrus HispanusPeter of Spain (Petrus Hispanus) (fl. 13th century), Italian philosopher and physician, author of "Summulae logicales magistri Petri Hispani"⌋, nec „Rhetorica” Cicero (Marcus Tullius Cicero) (*106 BC – †43 BC), Roman orator, writer and philosopher⌊TulliiCicero (Marcus Tullius Cicero) (*106 BC – †43 BC), Roman orator, writer and philosopher⌋, Bartolo da Sassoferrato (Bartolus de Saxoferrato) (*1313 or 1314 – †1357), famous Italian jurist, author of the commentaries to Corpus Iuris Civilis; he taught law in Pisa and Perugia; councillor of Emperor Charles IV (MAIOLO, p. 217-230)⌊BartoldiBartolo da Sassoferrato (Bartolus de Saxoferrato) (*1313 or 1314 – †1357), famous Italian jurist, author of the commentaries to Corpus Iuris Civilis; he taught law in Pisa and Perugia; councillor of Emperor Charles IV (MAIOLO, p. 217-230)⌋ aut Agostino Dati (*1420 – †1478), Italian orator, historian and philosopher. Author of Isagogicus libellus pro conficiendis epistolis et orationibus (later reprinted as Elegantiarum libellus). He was praised by Erasmus as one of the Italian masters of eloquence (CE, vol. 1, p. 378 (Egmont LEE, "Agostino Dati"))⌊Augustini DathiAgostino Dati (*1420 – †1478), Italian orator, historian and philosopher. Author of Isagogicus libellus pro conficiendis epistolis et orationibus (later reprinted as Elegantiarum libellus). He was praised by Erasmus as one of the Italian masters of eloquence (CE, vol. 1, p. 378 (Egmont LEE, "Agostino Dati"))⌋, sed cf. Juv. 6.223 Hoc volo, sic iubeo, sit pro ratione voluntas ⌊sic volo, sic iubeo, sit pro ratione voluntascf. Juv. 6.223 Hoc volo, sic iubeo, sit pro ratione voluntas ⌋. Itaque ex mera ipsorum voluntate hanc pacem dedere. In qua adhuc poterit Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊Karolus caesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ contineri, si volet, nam priore hac vice de se nullam voluit mentionem fieri.

Quaeres, quid mihi videatur aut quae res potest The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊illosThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ impulisse. Dicam: The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ipsiThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ fatentur se centum triginta milia hominum superioris anni expeditione amisisse, rediere sine praeda, sine gloria. Animi The Greeks ⌊GraecorumThe Greeks ⌋ et ceterorum Christianorum erecti sunt ad res novas. Tahmāsp I Safavid (Sophi) (*1514 – †1576), 1524-1576 Shah of Persia, 2nd. Shah of the Safavid dynasty, ruled 1524 - 1576. Son and successor of Ismail I Safavid ⌊TagmatsTahmāsp I Safavid (Sophi) (*1514 – †1576), 1524-1576 Shah of Persia, 2nd. Shah of the Safavid dynasty, ruled 1524 - 1576. Son and successor of Ismail I Safavid ⌋ Ismail I Safavid (Sophi) (*1487 – †1524), 1501-1524 Shah of Persia⌊Sophy IsmahelisIsmail I Safavid (Sophi) (*1487 – †1524), 1501-1524 Shah of Persia⌋ filius urget ab Asia, the continent⌊AsiaAsia, the continent⌋. Ad Tahmāsp I Safavid (Sophi) (*1514 – †1576), 1524-1576 Shah of Persia, 2nd. Shah of the Safavid dynasty, ruled 1524 - 1576. Son and successor of Ismail I Safavid ⌊eumTahmāsp I Safavid (Sophi) (*1514 – †1576), 1524-1576 Shah of Persia, 2nd. Shah of the Safavid dynasty, ruled 1524 - 1576. Son and successor of Ismail I Safavid ⌋ transfugiunt nullo non die multi janitzari. Numquam credidissem tam parvas vires esse magni The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊illius hostisThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋. Atque ego eas esse scio et vidi, et iterum dico: scio.

Dum expediti essemus iamque urbs Corona (Corone, Koróni), town in Greece, on the Messenian Gulf⌊CoronCorona (Corone, Koróni), town in Greece, on the Messenian Gulf⌋ in Peloponnese (Morea), peninsula in southern Greece⌊PeloponnesoPeloponnese (Morea), peninsula in southern Greece⌋ extrema penuria laboraret, quam terra marique obsessam per novem menses tenuerant, subito advenit Andrea Doria (Andrea Auria, Andrea D' Oria) (*1466 – †1560), Italian condottiere and a famous seaman in the service of Genoa; 1512-1522 commander of the Genoan fleet, in 1522 he entered the service of Francis I of Valois, King of France, as a captain-general at sea; in 1526 (after the Battle of Pavia) he became commander of the League of Cognac's fleet; from 1528 imperial Chief Admiral on the Mediterranean, from 1531 Duke of Melfi, and from 1555 Censor of Genoa (actually a Genoan administrator) (JURIEN de la GRAVIÈRE, p. 203-205; CURREY, p. 87-98)⌊Andreas de AuriaAndrea Doria (Andrea Auria, Andrea D' Oria) (*1466 – †1560), Italian condottiere and a famous seaman in the service of Genoa; 1512-1522 commander of the Genoan fleet, in 1522 he entered the service of Francis I of Valois, King of France, as a captain-general at sea; in 1526 (after the Battle of Pavia) he became commander of the League of Cognac's fleet; from 1528 imperial Chief Admiral on the Mediterranean, from 1531 Duke of Melfi, and from 1555 Censor of Genoa (actually a Genoan administrator) (JURIEN de la GRAVIÈRE, p. 203-205; CURREY, p. 87-98)⌋ cum parte classis caesareae (nam viginti triremes Hispanae nondum advenerant) sextaque die Augusti per mediam classem The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ profectus nulla navi amissa in civitatem venit. Septima die sanzachus Peloponnese (Morea), peninsula in southern Greece⌊MoreaePeloponnese (Morea), peninsula in southern Greece⌋ solvit obsidionem terrestrem. Octava die The Greeks ⌊GraeciThe Greeks ⌋, qui cum The Spaniards ⌊HispanisThe Spaniards ⌋ Corona (Corone, Koróni), town in Greece, on the Messenian Gulf⌊CoroneCorona (Corone, Koróni), town in Greece, on the Messenian Gulf⌋ erant, eos insecuti magna strage affecere. Corona (Corone, Koróni), town in Greece, on the Messenian Gulf⌊UrbeCorona (Corone, Koróni), town in Greece, on the Messenian Gulf⌋ firmata impositoque novo praesidio et commeatu rediit Andrea Doria (Andrea Auria, Andrea D' Oria) (*1466 – †1560), Italian condottiere and a famous seaman in the service of Genoa; 1512-1522 commander of the Genoan fleet, in 1522 he entered the service of Francis I of Valois, King of France, as a captain-general at sea; in 1526 (after the Battle of Pavia) he became commander of the League of Cognac's fleet; from 1528 imperial Chief Admiral on the Mediterranean, from 1531 Duke of Melfi, and from 1555 Censor of Genoa (actually a Genoan administrator) (JURIEN de la GRAVIÈRE, p. 203-205; CURREY, p. 87-98)⌊AndreasAndrea Doria (Andrea Auria, Andrea D' Oria) (*1466 – †1560), Italian condottiere and a famous seaman in the service of Genoa; 1512-1522 commander of the Genoan fleet, in 1522 he entered the service of Francis I of Valois, King of France, as a captain-general at sea; in 1526 (after the Battle of Pavia) he became commander of the League of Cognac's fleet; from 1528 imperial Chief Admiral on the Mediterranean, from 1531 Duke of Melfi, and from 1555 Censor of Genoa (actually a Genoan administrator) (JURIEN de la GRAVIÈRE, p. 203-205; CURREY, p. 87-98)⌋ classe The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋, quae in duplo maior erat, nu{n}squam comparere audente, sed munitissimis locis se continente, felix et victor. Haec sunt, quae te scire volui, et haec vera sunt, quare lauda Dominum et cf. Vulg. Apc 17:7-8 Et dixit mihi angelus: Quare miraris? Ego tibi dicam sacramentum mulieris et bestiae, quae portat eam, quae habet capita septem et decem cornua. Bestiam, quam vidisti, fuit et non est, et ascensura est de abysso, et in interitum ibit, et mirabuntur inhabitantes terram, quorum non sunt scripta nomina in libro vitae a constitutione mundi, videntes bestiam, quia erat et non est. ⌊brevi videbis interitum Bestiaecf. Vulg. Apc 17:7-8 Et dixit mihi angelus: Quare miraris? Ego tibi dicam sacramentum mulieris et bestiae, quae portat eam, quae habet capita septem et decem cornua. Bestiam, quam vidisti, fuit et non est, et ascensura est de abysso, et in interitum ibit, et mirabuntur inhabitantes terram, quorum non sunt scripta nomina in libro vitae a constitutione mundi, videntes bestiam, quia erat et non est. ⌋.

Clement VII (Giulio de' Medici) (*1478 – †1534), 1523-1534 Pope⌊Pontifex maximusClement VII (Giulio de' Medici) (*1478 – †1534), 1523-1534 Pope⌋, incertum quibus de causis, confert se non Nice (Nizza, Nicaea), town and port on the southeastern coast of France, between Marseille and Genoa, from 1388 belonging to the counts and subsequently (from the 15th century) to the dukes of Savoy⌊NiciumNice (Nizza, Nicaea), town and port on the southeastern coast of France, between Marseille and Genoa, from 1388 belonging to the counts and subsequently (from the 15th century) to the dukes of Savoy⌋ Provence (Provincia), region in southeastern France⌊ProvinciaeProvence (Provincia), region in southeastern France⌋, sed Marseille (Massilia), city and port in southern France, on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea⌊MassiliamMarseille (Massilia), city and port in southern France, on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea⌋ ad Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊regem FrancorumFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋. cf. Vulg. Ps (G) 7:12:1 Deus iudex iustus et fortis et patiens; Vulg. Ps (H) 7:12:1 Deus iudex iustus et fortis; Vulg. 2Tim 4:8:2 Dominus in illa die iustus iudex ⌊Deus sit Clement VII (Giulio de' Medici) (*1478 – †1534), 1523-1534 Pope⌊illiClement VII (Giulio de' Medici) (*1478 – †1534), 1523-1534 Pope⌋ iustus iudexcf. Vulg. Ps (G) 7:12:1 Deus iudex iustus et fortis et patiens; Vulg. Ps (H) 7:12:1 Deus iudex iustus et fortis; Vulg. 2Tim 4:8:2 Dominus in illa die iustus iudex ⌋. Qui te, Christine Schultze (Christine Scholcz) (†1539), mother of Ioannes Dantiscus (PSB 4 Dantyszek, s. 424)⌊matremChristine Schultze (Christine Scholcz) (†1539), mother of Ioannes Dantiscus (PSB 4 Dantyszek, s. 424)⌋, Anna von Höfen (Anna Reyneck, Anna Flachsbinder), sister of Ioannes Dantiscus, wife of Johann Hannau Sr and, after his death, of Johann Reyneck

Ursula von Höfen (Ursula Flachsbinder), Dantiscus’ sister, wife of Johann Reisen, mother of Justine, Ursule, and Augustin; then wife of Zacharias Lehmann, mother of Johann Lehmann

Catherina von Höfen Dantiscus' sister, 1538-11-17 married Hans Glaubitz (CIDTC, IDL 5205; IDL 2425; IDL 4399)⌊sororesAnna von Höfen (Anna Reyneck, Anna Flachsbinder), sister of Ioannes Dantiscus, wife of Johann Hannau Sr and, after his death, of Johann Reyneck

Ursula von Höfen (Ursula Flachsbinder), Dantiscus’ sister, wife of Johann Reisen, mother of Justine, Ursule, and Augustin; then wife of Zacharias Lehmann, mother of Johann Lehmann

Catherina von Höfen Dantiscus' sister, 1538-11-17 married Hans Glaubitz (CIDTC, IDL 5205; IDL 2425; IDL 4399)⌋, propinquos et affines et Bernhard von Höfen (Bernhard Flachsbinder) (†after 1548), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother, stayed with Dantiscus in Spain, as a member of his mission's retinue, and was used as a trusted courier to Poland at least from 1526; after 1530 Starost of Löbau

Georg von Höfen (Georg Flachsbinder, Georgius de Curiis) (†after 1550-02-07), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother; Starosta of Rössel (HARTMANN 1525-1550, No. 584, 586, 588; AGAD, MK, 77, f. 385-386v)⌊fratresBernhard von Höfen (Bernhard Flachsbinder) (†after 1548), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother, stayed with Dantiscus in Spain, as a member of his mission's retinue, and was used as a trusted courier to Poland at least from 1526; after 1530 Starost of Löbau

Georg von Höfen (Georg Flachsbinder, Georgius de Curiis) (†after 1550-02-07), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother; Starosta of Rössel (HARTMANN 1525-1550, No. 584, 586, 588; AGAD, MK, 77, f. 385-386v)⌋ diu servet incolumem, quibus omnibus cupio ex animo commendari. Johan Weze (*1490 – †1548), secretary to King Christian II of Denmark; in 1522 nominated Archbishop of Lund; in 1527 was banished from Denmark as Christian II's secretary, and joined the service of Emperor Charles V as his diplomat, 1537-1548 Bishop of Constance (WHALEY, p. 314)⌊Reverendissimus dominus LundensisJohan Weze (*1490 – †1548), secretary to King Christian II of Denmark; in 1522 nominated Archbishop of Lund; in 1527 was banished from Denmark as Christian II's secretary, and joined the service of Emperor Charles V as his diplomat, 1537-1548 Bishop of Constance (WHALEY, p. 314)⌋ se Dominationi Vestrae Reverendissimae plurimum commendat, cui ulteriorem scribendi provinciam relinquo, nam ego ad postas.

Iterum vale, Domine et pater honorandissime. Scribe, scribe, nam intra tres menses iterum hic sum futurus. Rursus vale.

Datae Vienna (Wien, Vienna), city in eastern Austria, on the Danube river⌊ViennaeVienna (Wien, Vienna), city in eastern Austria, on the Danube river⌋, octava die Octobris anno XV-c XXXIII-o.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae addictissimus inservitor et filius Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌊Cornelius DupliciusCornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌋

[1 ] Divitias et paupertatem ne dederis mihi is the text of Prov 30:8 as found in the Breviarium, and in the Horae Matutinae for Dominica XII post Pentecosten (cf. www.divinumofficium.com Dominica XII Post Pentecosten II. Augusti - Semiduplex Dominica minor)

[2 ] Zawss or zauss, Turk. çavuş, Eng. chiaus, Ottoman official who served as an ambassador, emissary or member of a ceremonial escort (cf. Alain Servantie, "How the Information Carried from Istanbul by his Ambassadors Led the Emperor Charles V to War or to Peace?" in: 38. ICANAS (Uluslararası Asya ve Kuzey Afrika Çalışmaları Kongresi) : bildiriler: tarih ve medeniyetler tarihi; 10-15 Eylül 2007, Ankara = 38.ICANAS (International Congress of Asian and North African Studies) : papers : history and history of civilizations; 10-15 September 2007, vol. 6, Ankara, 2012, p. 2751-2776 ⌊SERVANTIE 2012cf. Alain Servantie, "How the Information Carried from Istanbul by his Ambassadors Led the Emperor Charles V to War or to Peace?" in: 38. ICANAS (Uluslararası Asya ve Kuzey Afrika Çalışmaları Kongresi) : bildiriler: tarih ve medeniyetler tarihi; 10-15 Eylül 2007, Ankara = 38.ICANAS (International Congress of Asian and North African Studies) : papers : history and history of civilizations; 10-15 September 2007, vol. 6, Ankara, 2012, p. 2751-2776 ⌋; cf. Adolphus William Ward, The Wars of Religion, Cambridge, 1904, series: The Cambridge Modern History 3 ⌊WARDcf. Adolphus William Ward, The Wars of Religion, Cambridge, 1904, series: The Cambridge Modern History 3 ⌋, p. 108