Reverendissimo in Christo Patri et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Hans Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊IoanniIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Hans Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ Dei gratia episcopo Varmiensi etc., domino, do[min]o suo gratiosissimo

Reverendissime in Christo Pater, Domine, domine mihi gratiosissime.

Oblata mei officiorumque meorum et studiorum omnium in gratiam Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae commendatione officiosa.

Paucis ante diebus cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Piotr ZBOROWSKI before 1547-04-12, CIDTC IDL 7431, letter lost⌊litterascf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Piotr ZBOROWSKI before 1547-04-12, CIDTC IDL 7431, letter lost⌋ Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae gratiae, benevolentiae, omnis denique favoris refertas accepi, quibus lectis non minus affectus fui, quam si essem aliqua molestia aut periculo levatus. Intellexi enim illam ipsam veterem, qua me semper a primis annis Reverendissima Paternitas Vestra amplecti dignata est, gratiam et omnem benevolentiam non abolitam, nec spatio temporis excussam, nec officiorum meorum silentio pollutam, nec alia quavis neglegentia robigine decoloratam esse. Gratias igitur, si verba suppeterent animo, Reverendissimae Paternitati Vestrae omnibus modis agere conarer, sed eae ipsae Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Piotr ZBOROWSKI before 1547-04-12, CIDTC IDL 7431, letter lost⌊litteraecf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Piotr ZBOROWSKI before 1547-04-12, CIDTC IDL 7431, letter lost⌋ tanti mihi sunt, ut nullo pacto credam me illis rescribendo satis facere posse. Deum tamen optimum maximum precabor, ut mihi gratiam suam sanctam largiri dignetur, quo pacto Reverendissimae Paternitati Vestrae tantam gratiam, tantam benevolentiam perpetuis officiis studiisque meis omnibus recompensare queam.

Porro ex cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Piotr ZBOROWSKI before 1547-04-12, CIDTC IDL 7431, letter lost⌊litteriscf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Piotr ZBOROWSKI before 1547-04-12, CIDTC IDL 7431, letter lost⌋ Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae, quod in negotio publico Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), region, part of Prussia annexed to the Kingdom of Poland in 1466 under the provisions of the Second Peace of Thorn⌊terrarum PrussiaeRoyal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), region, part of Prussia annexed to the Kingdom of Poland in 1466 under the provisions of the Second Peace of Thorn⌋ opera et diligentia mea dominis oratoribus, dominis meis gratiosis et fautoribus observandis apud sacram Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊regiam maiestatemSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋ non defuerim, gratum Reverendissimae Paternitati Vestrae esse perspectum habeo. Sed cum adhuc unum finem studia mea, rationes omnes et animi propositum collocaverim, ut non solum iis, qui sub manu sacrarum Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria

Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊regiarum maiestatumSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria

Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋, dominorum nostrorum clementissimorum sunt, verum et advenis et ceteris omnibus causam iustam habentibus, in omni re iusta, quantum aequitas permitteret, opera mea, studio, diligentia, consilio denique prodessem. Maxime vero promptiorem et diligentiorem me esse decet, quod et summopere nitor ad promovendas res Prutenicas, idque cum ob singularem gratiam benevolentiamque Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae et animum propensum dominorum Tiedemann Giese (Tidemannus Gisius) (*1480 – †1550), ennobled by King Sigismund I in 1519; 1504–1538 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1516–1527 and 1533–1537 Judicial Vicar and Vicar General of Ermland; 1523–1538 Custos of Ermland; 1537–1549 Bishop of Kulm (Chełmno); 1549–1550 Bishop of Ermland (BORAWSKA 1984)

Achatius von Zehmen (Achacy Cema) (*ca. 1485 – †1565), 1517–1531 Chamberlain of Pomerania; 1531–1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1545–1546 Voivode of Kulm (Chełmno); 1546–1565 Voivode of Marienburg (Malbork) (SBPN 1, p. 194-195; ORACKI 1984, p. 38-39; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 198; PSB 4, p. 325-326)

Johann von Baysen (Jan Bażyński) (†1548), 1532–1546 Chamberlain of Marienburg (Malbork); 1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1546–1547 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg); 1546 Starost of Mewe (Gniew), Schöneck, and Sobbowitz (PSB 1, p. 377; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 195)

Johann von Werden (Constellatus, cf. HE, No. 148, p. 150, footnote No. 12) (*1495 – †1554), 1526 Mayor of Gdańsk (Danzig); from 1527 Starost of Neuenburg (Nowe); 1532–1535, 1538, 1539, 1546, and 1551 Burgrave of Gdańsk; from 1535 Starost of Preußisch Mark (Przezmark), in 1535–1540 together with Achatius von Zehmen (Cema); 1536/1537 envoy of the Council of Royal Prussia to the Diet of the Kingdom of Poland held in Cracow. (SBPN 4, p. 433-435; ZDRENKA 2, p. 368-369; MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 93, 161)⌊oratorumTiedemann Giese (Tidemannus Gisius) (*1480 – †1550), ennobled by King Sigismund I in 1519; 1504–1538 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1516–1527 and 1533–1537 Judicial Vicar and Vicar General of Ermland; 1523–1538 Custos of Ermland; 1537–1549 Bishop of Kulm (Chełmno); 1549–1550 Bishop of Ermland (BORAWSKA 1984)

Achatius von Zehmen (Achacy Cema) (*ca. 1485 – †1565), 1517–1531 Chamberlain of Pomerania; 1531–1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1545–1546 Voivode of Kulm (Chełmno); 1546–1565 Voivode of Marienburg (Malbork) (SBPN 1, p. 194-195; ORACKI 1984, p. 38-39; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 198; PSB 4, p. 325-326)

Johann von Baysen (Jan Bażyński) (†1548), 1532–1546 Chamberlain of Marienburg (Malbork); 1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1546–1547 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg); 1546 Starost of Mewe (Gniew), Schöneck, and Sobbowitz (PSB 1, p. 377; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 195)

Johann von Werden (Constellatus, cf. HE, No. 148, p. 150, footnote No. 12) (*1495 – †1554), 1526 Mayor of Gdańsk (Danzig); from 1527 Starost of Neuenburg (Nowe); 1532–1535, 1538, 1539, 1546, and 1551 Burgrave of Gdańsk; from 1535 Starost of Preußisch Mark (Przezmark), in 1535–1540 together with Achatius von Zehmen (Cema); 1536/1537 envoy of the Council of Royal Prussia to the Diet of the Kingdom of Poland held in Cracow. (SBPN 4, p. 433-435; ZDRENKA 2, p. 368-369; MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 93, 161)⌋, quem mihi, quam ut par es[t] dici, exhibuerunt, tum ob libertatem quam quosque, qui auxilio De[i] gradum aliquem dignitatis assecuti sunt, firmiter tueri ac defendere.

Adductus igitur rationibus his, ita ut decuit aequumque fuerat, dominis Tiedemann Giese (Tidemannus Gisius) (*1480 – †1550), ennobled by King Sigismund I in 1519; 1504–1538 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1516–1527 and 1533–1537 Judicial Vicar and Vicar General of Ermland; 1523–1538 Custos of Ermland; 1537–1549 Bishop of Kulm (Chełmno); 1549–1550 Bishop of Ermland (BORAWSKA 1984)

Achatius von Zehmen (Achacy Cema) (*ca. 1485 – †1565), 1517–1531 Chamberlain of Pomerania; 1531–1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1545–1546 Voivode of Kulm (Chełmno); 1546–1565 Voivode of Marienburg (Malbork) (SBPN 1, p. 194-195; ORACKI 1984, p. 38-39; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 198; PSB 4, p. 325-326)

Johann von Baysen (Jan Bażyński) (†1548), 1532–1546 Chamberlain of Marienburg (Malbork); 1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1546–1547 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg); 1546 Starost of Mewe (Gniew), Schöneck, and Sobbowitz (PSB 1, p. 377; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 195)

Johann von Werden (Constellatus, cf. HE, No. 148, p. 150, footnote No. 12) (*1495 – †1554), 1526 Mayor of Gdańsk (Danzig); from 1527 Starost of Neuenburg (Nowe); 1532–1535, 1538, 1539, 1546, and 1551 Burgrave of Gdańsk; from 1535 Starost of Preußisch Mark (Przezmark), in 1535–1540 together with Achatius von Zehmen (Cema); 1536/1537 envoy of the Council of Royal Prussia to the Diet of the Kingdom of Poland held in Cracow. (SBPN 4, p. 433-435; ZDRENKA 2, p. 368-369; MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 93, 161)⌊oratoribusTiedemann Giese (Tidemannus Gisius) (*1480 – †1550), ennobled by King Sigismund I in 1519; 1504–1538 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1516–1527 and 1533–1537 Judicial Vicar and Vicar General of Ermland; 1523–1538 Custos of Ermland; 1537–1549 Bishop of Kulm (Chełmno); 1549–1550 Bishop of Ermland (BORAWSKA 1984)

Achatius von Zehmen (Achacy Cema) (*ca. 1485 – †1565), 1517–1531 Chamberlain of Pomerania; 1531–1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1545–1546 Voivode of Kulm (Chełmno); 1546–1565 Voivode of Marienburg (Malbork) (SBPN 1, p. 194-195; ORACKI 1984, p. 38-39; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 198; PSB 4, p. 325-326)

Johann von Baysen (Jan Bażyński) (†1548), 1532–1546 Chamberlain of Marienburg (Malbork); 1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1546–1547 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg); 1546 Starost of Mewe (Gniew), Schöneck, and Sobbowitz (PSB 1, p. 377; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 195)

Johann von Werden (Constellatus, cf. HE, No. 148, p. 150, footnote No. 12) (*1495 – †1554), 1526 Mayor of Gdańsk (Danzig); from 1527 Starost of Neuenburg (Nowe); 1532–1535, 1538, 1539, 1546, and 1551 Burgrave of Gdańsk; from 1535 Starost of Preußisch Mark (Przezmark), in 1535–1540 together with Achatius von Zehmen (Cema); 1536/1537 envoy of the Council of Royal Prussia to the Diet of the Kingdom of Poland held in Cracow. (SBPN 4, p. 433-435; ZDRENKA 2, p. 368-369; MAŁŁEK 1976, p. 93, 161)⌋, dominis meis gratiosis et amicis observandis opera, licet exigua, prodesse apud sacram Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊regiam maiestatemSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋, dominum nostrum clementissimum {clementissimum}, conatus sum conaborque, et maxime nunc, citra omn[em] fucatam simulationem scriptis Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae percitus, ut ope[ra] mea inanis non esset. Quamvis autem sacra Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊regia maiestas iuniorSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋, dom[inus noster] clementissimus, a sacra Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regia maiestate senioreSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ nondum responsum acceperit, a[d] me tamen scriptis ab amicis meis perlatum est preces magnifici Johann von Baysen (Jan Bażyński) (†1548), 1532–1546 Chamberlain of Marienburg (Malbork); 1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1546–1547 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg); 1546 Starost of Mewe (Gniew), Schöneck, and Sobbowitz (PSB 1, p. 377; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 195)⌊Ioannis a BaysenJohann von Baysen (Jan Bażyński) (†1548), 1532–1546 Chamberlain of Marienburg (Malbork); 1546 Castellan of Gdańsk (Danzig); 1546–1547 Castellan of Elbing (Elbląg); 1546 Starost of Mewe (Gniew), Schöneck, and Sobbowitz (PSB 1, p. 377; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 195)⌋ castellani Elbingensis exaudituras esse bonum ... opinatur successum habituras. Quare et ego ad eam spem deducor et cetera negotia Prutenica prospere successura, quod flagra[nte] desiderio exspecto fieri.

Novi nihil mihi est, quod Reverendissimae Paternitati Vestrae significem hisce litteris. Pridie Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊regiae maiestatis iuniorisSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋ probably Mikołaj Mniszek (Mikołaj Mniszech) (*1484 – †1553), 1533-1553 starosta of Łuków; 1543-1553 Cracow burgrave; 1537-1548 Chamberlain of Sigismund II August; 1548-1553 Crown Chamberlain (KOLANKOWSKI 2015, p. 263; FERENC 2014, p. 222; PSB 22/3, p. 484-486; Urzędnicy 4/2, p. 244)⌊cubiculariusprobably Mikołaj Mniszek (Mikołaj Mniszech) (*1484 – †1553), 1533-1553 starosta of Łuków; 1543-1553 Cracow burgrave; 1537-1548 Chamberlain of Sigismund II August; 1548-1553 Crown Chamberlain (KOLANKOWSKI 2015, p. 263; FERENC 2014, p. 222; PSB 22/3, p. 484-486; Urzędnicy 4/2, p. 244)⌋ e Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋ venit, qui ait Diet of Poland ⌊comitias(!)Diet of Poland ⌋ C[ra]coviae iam esse finitas, in quibus inter cetera id praecipue consti[tutum] st, ut esset generalis expeditio in bellum, quamvis hostis Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia), the kingdom⌊RegniPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia), the kingdom⌋ nondum ...tris est, sed tamen ut omnes essent parati, si necessitas postularetur, nam a[u]ditur hostes Regni aliquid moliri contra Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regemSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ nostrum. Deinde [his] in Diet of Poland ⌊comitiisDiet of Poland ⌋ nuntii terrarum petierunt a sacra Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regia maiestate senioreSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋, ut sua sacra [regia] maiestas pro sacra Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊regia maiestate iunioreSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋ mittere eique res regendas, quas maiestas sua regia regere nequit prae senectute, committere dignaretur. Quod sua Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regia maiestas seniorSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ brevi se facturam pollicita est.

Plura si qua contigerint Reverendissimae Paternitati Vestrae oblato certo nuntio sine mora scribam. Interim Reverendissimam Paternitatem Vestram maiorem in modum oro et Reverendissima Paternitate Vestra sua gratia et singulari benevolentia, qua me Reverendissima Paternitas Vestra amplecti coepit, non desistere dignetur. Quod ego perpetuis et paratissimis officiis meis promereri enitar Reverendissimae Paternitati Vestrae.

Cuius gratiae me meaque omnia officia commendo et Eandem salvam, incolumem et faustam in annos quam longissimos esse ex animo opto et desidero.

Datae e Vilnius (Wilno, Vilna), city in Lithuania, capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania⌊VilnaVilnius (Wilno, Vilna), city in Lithuania, capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania⌋, XII mensis Aprilis, anno a nato Salvatore mundi M-o D-o XLVII.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae officiosus et ad vota paratissimus Piotr Zborowski (†1553), 1515-1520 Crown carver; 1520-1527 - cup-bearer; 1531-1548 castellan of Małogoszcz; 1548-1553 - of Sandomierz; 1549 Sandomierz starosta (Urzędnicy 10, p. 217)⌊Petrus a SborowoPiotr Zborowski (†1553), 1515-1520 Crown carver; 1520-1527 - cup-bearer; 1531-1548 castellan of Małogoszcz; 1548-1553 - of Sandomierz; 1549 Sandomierz starosta (Urzędnicy 10, p. 217)⌋ castellanus Malogostensis et sacrae Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊regiae maiestatis iuniorisSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋ curiae magister.