UUB, H. 154, f. 70v

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, episcopo Culmensi, oratori Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regis PoloniaeSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋.

UUB, H. 154, f. 70r

Salutem et servitutis meae commendationem.

Fortassis male meam tam diuturnam absentiam a Dominatione Vestra Reverendissima accipi metuebam atque ob id has turbulentas manu trepidante cerebro disperso congessi, petens me quam optime purgatum haberi apud Dominationem Vestram. Neque enim meae neglegentiae imputari iuste potest, quod vel ipse Ioannes Campensis (Jan van Campen, Ioannes de Campo) (*1491 – †1538), Netherlandish classical philologist and Hebraist, author of a paraphrase of the Book of Psalms from Hebrew to Latin and a Hebrew grammar, in 1531 lecturer at the Collegium Trilingue of Louvain University (CE, vol. 1, p. 255-256)⌊CampensisIoannes Campensis (Jan van Campen, Ioannes de Campo) (*1491 – †1538), Netherlandish classical philologist and Hebraist, author of a paraphrase of the Book of Psalms from Hebrew to Latin and a Hebrew grammar, in 1531 lecturer at the Collegium Trilingue of Louvain University (CE, vol. 1, p. 255-256)⌋ (cui Dominatio Vestra plurimum confidit) atque alii non parvi ponderis testabuntur. Sed, ut demum brevissimis causam absolvam, venissem die Sabbati proxime transacta, nam tum expeditus quidem fui negotiis mihi commissis, sed impeditus morbo certe non levi, qui me corripuerat vix a limine mansionis Dominationis Vestrae digressum atque huc usque va superinscribed⌈aa superinscribed⌉na spe detinuit. Nunc ostenso medicis lotio dicunt illi me in ambiguo esse sive in discrimine vitae, nam hepar meum usque adeo incensum est, ut vix restingui possit, et si proficiscendum mihi sit vel paululum, maius imminere periculum. Mitto igitur ad Dominationem Vestram Reverendissimam Ccumulum librorum, quos in catalogo nostro mihi praescripserat, assignato pretio, desunt tamen quattuor vel quinque, quos hic invenire non potui, et, si placet Dominationi Vestrae pretium, potest eos servare. Ego vero cogor adhuc 4-r vel quinque diebus hic decumbere, donec videro, quid Deus mecum agere velit, neque enim diu durare potest, quin me vel Deo vel vitae reddet. Si vero Dominatio Vestra mihi pro me, medicis et medicinis vellet mittere unum vel duos Philippeos, vel quantum ei placeret, bene mecum ageret, et si morior, gratiam a Deo accipiet; si vivam, non ero ingratus.

Ex Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovanioLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋, 7-o Augusti 1531.

Vestrae Dominationis Reverendissimae humillimus servus Gemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌊Gemma PhrysiusGemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌋

BCz 240, p. 164

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, episcopo Culmensi, administratori Pomezaniensi, domino suo observando

BCz 240, p. 161

Salutem plurimam et officiorum meorum commendationem.

Posteaquam a Vestra Dominatione Reverendissima recessi, Praesul optime, nihil mihi sacius fuit quam amicos, quos praeter parentes mihi tempus edax rerum fecerat reliquos, invisere, qui mihi iam tum 7 annis visi non fuerant. Hic ubi nonnihil animum meum praesentia et patrii soli et amicorum dulci consuetudine explevissem, quam primum in Brabant (Brabantia), duchy in the Low Countries, under Habsburg rule from 1482. Its territory corresponds to the Belgian provinces of Flemish Brabant, Walloon Brabant, Antwerp and the Brussels Capital Region, and the province of North-Brabant in the Netherlands⌊BrabantiamBrabant (Brabantia), duchy in the Low Countries, under Habsburg rule from 1482. Its territory corresponds to the Belgian provinces of Flemish Brabant, Walloon Brabant, Antwerp and the Brussels Capital Region, and the province of North-Brabant in the Netherlands⌋ redii, primum Antwerp (Antwerpen, Antverpia), city in the Low Countries, from 1315 a Hanseatic port, in the 16th century the centre of Brabant’s artistic life and the wealthiest trade city in Europe, today in northern Belgium⌊AntwerpiaeAntwerp (Antwerpen, Antverpia), city in the Low Countries, from 1315 a Hanseatic port, in the 16th century the centre of Brabant’s artistic life and the wealthiest trade city in Europe, today in northern Belgium⌋, tum demum antiquas sedes revisens Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovaniiLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋ consedi. Ubi tandem, cum me tanto patrono destitutum frustra lamentarer, coepi egomet varias mecum inire vitae meae instituendae rationes; verum id, quod maxime iam sperabam, id minime, ut in dies fit, pro votis successit. Scilicet iusserat Dominatio Vestra Reverendissima, uti post reditum meum ex Frisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌊FrisiaFrisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌋ ad se venirem in Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊PoloniamPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋. Quod cum invitus non on the margin⌈nonnon on the margin⌉ facerem, duo evenerunt, quae tum animum meum ultro currentem alioqui retinuerunt. Primum is, cui Dominatio Vestra Reverendissima iniunxerat, ut me in Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊PoloniamPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ aut duceret aut mitteret, in Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊PoloniamPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ abiit. Quam nobis adire fas non est, nisi exuta corporis huius gravitate, neque nunc lubet vulnus antiquum refricare Dominationis Vestrae Reverendissimae per nominis carissimi commemorationem. Hoc igitur destitutus praesidio statueram ipse solus capta occasione Dominationem Vestram Reverendissimam adire, sperans immo confidens, id illi ingratum minime fore. Sed ecce alterum malum me non modo retinuit, verum etiam penitus prostravit in terram; constantissimus enim rumor omnium nostrum animos perculit, Dantiscum illum, illum inquam, quem tota suspiciebat Europa Dantiscum, vitae munere defunctum. Quod cum prima vice pro fabulis haberem, successit secundo rumori tertius late per nostram provinciam sparsus ms. spersus(!) ⌈sparsussparsus ms. spersus(!) ⌉. Tum ego omnibus meis perturbatus rationibus, neque enim animus erat alteri cuique ex aulicis illis me dedere, neque etiam perpetuo mathematicum agere, cum hae artes, gratae quamvis, nullius tamen sint apud nos momenti, hoc est emolumenti, in servitutem me conieci ex quadam fortassis desperatione BCz 240, p. 162 et quod infortunatum ille Terentianus putavit, uxorem duxi, sed talem, quae taedium illud servitutis suis gratis colloquiis et gratissima consuetudine non modo leniat, verum etiam in gaudium vertat. Quod eo feci, ut annum unum atque alterum medicae arti iucumberem. Hoc enim institutum iam inde ab annis 8 in animo coeperam, quamvis id saepius me invito interruptum sit et disturbatum. Cum igitur hoc modo maestus saepe Dominationis Vestrae Reverendissimae mentionem nusquam facerem, tandem nobis adest ex Saxony (Sachsen, Saxonia), duchy in central Germany, state of the Holy Roman Empire⌊SaxoniaSaxony (Sachsen, Saxonia), duchy in central Germany, state of the Holy Roman Empire⌋ reverendissimi domini Georg of Austria (*1504 – †1557), illegitimate son of Emperor Maximilian I; from 1526-04-09 untill 1539 Bishop of Brixen (Bressanone); from 1539-01-12 priest of Valencia, from 1539-04-08 Archbishop of Valencia, from 1544-08-16 Bishop of Liège⌊episcopi Brixensis Georg of Austria (*1504 – †1557), illegitimate son of Emperor Maximilian I; from 1526-04-09 untill 1539 Bishop of Brixen (Bressanone); from 1539-01-12 priest of Valencia, from 1539-04-08 Archbishop of Valencia, from 1544-08-16 Bishop of Liège⌋secretarius Daniel Mauch (*1504 – †1567), humanist, doctor of both canon and civil law, servant of Georg von Österreich; ennobled in 1530; in the period 1533-1534 studied at the Uniwersity of Louvain (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 209-210)⌊Daniel MauchDaniel Mauch (*1504 – †1567), humanist, doctor of both canon and civil law, servant of Georg von Österreich; ennobled in 1530; in the period 1533-1534 studied at the Uniwersity of Louvain (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 209-210)⌋, qui subito maerorem hunc meum subito in maximum convertit gaudium. Impertitus est enim mihi litteras a Dominatione Vestra Reverendissima illi datas; in quibus ut vidi nominis mei fieri mentionem, duplici ratione exilii prae gaudio, tum quia vidi Dominationem Vestram Reverendissimam mei necdum oblitam ms. oblitum(!) ⌈oblitamoblitam ms. oblitum(!) ⌉ fuisse, tum vero maxime, quod is, quem totus orbis noster defunctum proclamasset, quasi vitae restitutus iam certaminis peracti triumphos ageret. Id quamvis parum ad me spectare videri possit, quod nunc uxori alligatus huiusmodi principis consuetudine penitus non liceat frui, non possum tamen non gaudere serio, quia Dantiscum scio eum esse, qui non modo praesentium sit patronus, verum etiam procul exsistentium summus et maecenas et studiosorum pater. Novarum rerum nihil adeo boni hic est. Interficiuntur in dies haeretici, quos Lutheranos vocant; bellorum nihil habemus, verum undequaque metuimus. Conradus Goclenius (Conradus Wackers, Conradus Gockelen) (*1489 – †1539), prominent humanist and editor; from 1519 professor of Latin at the Collegium Trilingue of the University in Louvain; friend of Erasmus of Rotterdam (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 76-77; CE, vol. 2, p. 109-111)⌊GocleniusConradus Goclenius (Conradus Wackers, Conradus Gockelen) (*1489 – †1539), prominent humanist and editor; from 1519 professor of Latin at the Collegium Trilingue of the University in Louvain; friend of Erasmus of Rotterdam (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 76-77; CE, vol. 2, p. 109-111)⌋, Rutgerus Rescius (Rutger Ressen) (*ca. 1497 – †1545), scholar and publisher from the southern Netherlands, professor of Greek at the Collegium Trilingue of Louvain, in 1531 printed Dantiscus' work Victoria serenissimi Poloniae Regis contra Voyevodam Muldaviae (AT 13, p. 336; CE, vol. 3. p. 142-144)⌊ResciusRutgerus Rescius (Rutger Ressen) (*ca. 1497 – †1545), scholar and publisher from the southern Netherlands, professor of Greek at the Collegium Trilingue of Louvain, in 1531 printed Dantiscus' work Victoria serenissimi Poloniae Regis contra Voyevodam Muldaviae (AT 13, p. 336; CE, vol. 3. p. 142-144)⌋, amicus Servatius von Zassen (Servatius Sassenus) (†1554), Louvain printer and bookseller (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 103)⌊ServatiusServatius von Zassen (Servatius Sassenus) (†1554), Louvain printer and bookseller (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 103)⌋, Bartholomeus de Grave (Bartholomeus Gravius) (†1578), printer and bookseller from Louvain; the publisher of the Bible in Dutch (1548) and French (1550) translation (FRANÇOIS, p. 92-94)⌊GraviusBartholomeus de Grave (Bartholomeus Gravius) (†1578), printer and bookseller from Louvain; the publisher of the Bible in Dutch (1548) and French (1550) translation (FRANÇOIS, p. 92-94)⌋ omnes satis recte valent et Dominationi Vestrae Reverendissimae commendari optaverunt, quos ut Dominatio Vestra Reverendissima cum suo Gemma commenda hidden by binding⌈[da]da hidden by binding⌉tos habere dignetur, etiam atque etiam oramus, felicesque illi et fortunatos successus vitamque cum prospera valetudine longam hidden by binding⌈[am]am hidden by binding⌉ precamur. Tum demum ego meae inscitiae condonationem peto, nam haec, ut ipsi characteres litterarum facile indicant, ex tem hidden by binding⌈[tem]tem hidden by binding⌉pore conscripsi; alio tempore, si Dominationi Vestrae Reverendissimae gratum senserim hidden by binding⌈[rim]rim hidden by binding⌉, BCz 240, p. 163 et prolixius et melius, si potero, scribam. Dominus noster Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊Iesus ChristusJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋ Dominationem Vestram Reverendissimam diu nobis sospitem servare dignetur.

Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovaniiLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋, 7-o Kalendarum Augusti.

Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae humillimus servitor Gemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌊Gemma FrisiusGemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌋

BJ, BAS, No. 6, 19, p. 2unnumbered

Reverendossimo in Christo Patri ac Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ episcopo Culmensi et administratori Pomezaniensi, domino et patrono mihi col(end)o or col(endissim)o⌈col(end)ocol(end)o or col(endissim)o⌉

In Löbau (Lubawa, Lubavia), town in northern Poland, Kulm Land (Ziemia Chełmińska), ca. 67 km E of Graudenz (Grudziądz), the main seat of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno)⌊castro LubaviensiLöbau (Lubawa, Lubavia), town in northern Poland, Kulm Land (Ziemia Chełmińska), ca. 67 km E of Graudenz (Grudziądz), the main seat of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno)⌋

BJ, BAS, No. 6, 19, p. 1unnumbered

Reverendissime in Christo Pater.

Salutem et officiorum meorum commendationem.

Accepi Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae litteras, quibus nihil mihi iucundius accidere potuit, quandoquidem certiorem me reddiderunt solita me nondum exclusum esse Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae gratia, quam excolere, quantum mea tenuitas sinit, dum hanc spi ms. r(!) ⌈ii ms. r(!) ⌉ravero auram, statui ac si me non detineret vinculum hoc, mea praesentia, si gratum crederem meum officium Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae, totus inservire cupio, adeo si umquam me poenitebit huius facti, sola hac in re nonnihil me instituti coepit poenitudo, neque umquam video, quo modo poterit alioqui et gratissimae, et sanctissimae conversationis irrepere taedium.

Novarum nihil hic est rerum, quod putem Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram latere. The Anabaptists (Anabaptistae), a faction of the Christian religion. They rejected the baptism of infants, requiring a conscious decision on the part of the candidate. In the 16th and 17th centuries Anabaptists were strongly persecuted by Roman Catholics as well as by Lutherans and Calvinists.⌊AnabaptistaeThe Anabaptists (Anabaptistae), a faction of the Christian religion. They rejected the baptism of infants, requiring a conscious decision on the part of the candidate. In the 16th and 17th centuries Anabaptists were strongly persecuted by Roman Catholics as well as by Lutherans and Calvinists.⌋ Frisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌊PhrysiamFrisia (Friesland), province in the Habsburg Netherlands⌋, Holland, county in the Low Countries, today part of the Netherlands⌊HollandiamHolland, county in the Low Countries, today part of the Netherlands⌋ mire turbant, quorum alii se in evangelistas, alii in prophetas, nonnulli vero etiam in Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊ChristumJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋, immo in Patrem ipsum extollunt, interim etiam miracula edentes, quorum tamen omnium malus pro merito exitus hactenus fuit. Nec etiam in France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊GalliaFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ desunt nephandi sacramentarii, verum his acerrime obicit se rex. Orandus est Deus Optimus Maximus, uti rebus his, qui solus potest, finem imponere bonum dignetur. Qui Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram quam diutissime sospitet. Cui me mea paper damaged⌈[a]a paper damaged⌉mque uxorem cum prole commendatissimum esse cupio.

Interim id non possum omittere novum nos parare globum cosmographicum, cui sane (absit invidia dicto) Europe (Europa), the commune⌊EuropaEurope (Europa), the commune⌋ vix parem vidit, ita sculpitur eleganter. Si Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae possem, vellem quam mox mittere.

Χριστος Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram in perpetuum conservet.

Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovaniiLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋, 13-o Iunii 1535.

Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae humilis servitor Gemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌊Gemma FrisiusGemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌋

UUB, H. 154, f. 151v

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri ac Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ episcopo Culmensi etc., domino suo ac maecenati colendissimo.

In Löbau (Lubawa, Lubavia), town in northern Poland, Kulm Land (Ziemia Chełmińska), ca. 67 km E of Graudenz (Grudziądz), the main seat of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno)⌊castro LubaviensiLöbau (Lubawa, Lubavia), town in northern Poland, Kulm Land (Ziemia Chełmińska), ca. 67 km E of Graudenz (Grudziądz), the main seat of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno)⌋

UUB, H. 154, f. 150r

Reverendissime in Christo Pater ac Domine. Salutem ac officiorum meorum commendationem.

Iam dudum est, quod Reverendissima Dominatio Vestra mihi mandaverit, ut frequentius scribam, praecipue vero de statu meo, anne ego unus sim futurus, quem matrimonii paenitudo non ceperit aliquando; cui sane quod respondeam, non habeo aliud, quam quod cecinit Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) (*68 BC – †8 BC), Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus⌊illeHorace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) (*68 BC – †8 BC), Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus⌋:

Nam, ut olim solutus vincula haec summopere et cupivi, et sectatus sum, ita nunc contra solvi sensus quidem appetunt, verum ratio aliud dictat. Video enim eam esse nostram imperfectionem, ut nusquam animus acquiescat, quam diu hoc in corpore detinetur. Quam ob causam? oro, nisi, quod nihil in rerum natura est, quod ante finis sui adeptionem conquiescat. Cum ergo animus noster numquam, dum hoc carcere clauditur, finem suum consequi queat, non mirum est, eu written over a⌈auu written over a⌉m tam varia appetere, quaerentem written over s⌈stemtem written over s⌉ scilicet quem non invenit finem et requiem. His consideratis satius videtur taedium hoc vitae aut fluctuationem potius quacumque data condicione aequo ferre animo, quam in dies mutatis sortibus novos sentire cruciatus. Quid igitur sentiam, quaeris. Sane contentus sum mea sorte, quia nusquam tranquillitatem inveniri sciam. Taedet rursus ex communi et omnibus innata imperfectione. Habet Reverendissima Dominatio Vestra meam de statu meo sententiam, quam pro suo candore interpretari velit.

Gemma Margaritam genuit, quae iam parentem tatat, istud quidem Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae non fore ingratum arbitratus significare non dubitavi.

De bello, cuius hic maximus apparatus est et maxima fama, nisi existimarem Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae per claros viros significatum esse, scriberem, sed rumores etiam ad nos incerti sunt, quare uno atque altero verbo haec percurram. Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊CaesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ tribus ex partibus France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊GalliamFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ aggreditur. Ipse circa Gallia Narbonensis (Narbonese Gaul, Transalpine Gaul, Gallia Transalpina, Provincia), province Roman province in southern France, covering the current regions of Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, and Rhône-Alpes⌊Galliam NarbonensemGallia Narbonensis (Narbonese Gaul, Transalpine Gaul, Gallia Transalpina, Provincia), province Roman province in southern France, covering the current regions of Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, and Rhône-Alpes⌋, quam Delphinatum vocant, maximo exercitu Alps (Alpes), mountain range stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east; through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany; to France in the west⌊AlpesAlps (Alpes), mountain range stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east; through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany; to France in the west⌋ aut transgressus est aut conatur in dies transgredi. Cepit duo triave oppidula. Isabella of Portugal (*1503 – †1539), Holy Roman Empress, Queen of Aragon and Castile; wife of Emperor Charles V of Habsburg, daughter of Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon⌊ConiunxIsabella of Portugal (*1503 – †1539), Holy Roman Empress, Queen of Aragon and Castile; wife of Emperor Charles V of Habsburg, daughter of Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon⌋ a Pyrenees (Pyrenaei montes), mountain range in southwest Europe that form a natural border between France and Spain. They separate the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of continental Europe, and extend for about 491 km (305 mi) from the Bay of Biscay (Cap Higuer) to the Mediterranean Sea (Cap de Creus)⌊Pyreneis montibusPyrenees (Pyrenaei montes), mountain range in southwest Europe that form a natural border between France and Spain. They separate the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of continental Europe, and extend for about 491 km (305 mi) from the Bay of Biscay (Cap Higuer) to the Mediterranean Sea (Cap de Creus)⌋ instat, de hac nihil ad nos pervenire potest. Nostri circa Hainaut (Hannonia, County of Hainaut), county in the Low Countries, from 1482 under Habsburg rule. Its territory corresponds with the Belgian province of Hainaut, and part of the French Département du Nord⌊HannoniamHainaut (Hannonia, County of Hainaut), county in the Low Countries, from 1482 under Habsburg rule. Its territory corresponds with the Belgian province of Hainaut, and part of the French Département du Nord⌋ oppidum obsederunt dictum Guise, town in northern France, province of Picardy, department of the Aisne⌊GuiseGuise, town in northern France, province of Picardy, department of the Aisne⌋. Dux est dominus de Nassau.

UUB, H. 154, f. 150v

Nihil t written over ...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉tt written over ...⌉um factum adhuc est per nostros, nam in dies eorum numerus crescit. Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌊AnglusHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌋ pro suo arbitrio omnia administrat. Anne Boleyn (*1507 – †1536), Queen of England (1533-1536) as a second wife of Henry VIII Tudor; in 1536 charged with treason and beheaded⌊Uxorem secundamAnne Boleyn (*1507 – †1536), Queen of England (1533-1536) as a second wife of Henry VIII Tudor; in 1536 charged with treason and beheaded⌋ gladio interemit cum fratre ac aliis nobilibus; ferunt omnes innoxios illos fuisse et crimine vacasse. Vix elapsis 24 horis aliam duxit.

Haec sunt, quae mihi scribenda visa sunt, ut omni ex parte Reverendissima Dominatio Vestra meam sentiat oboedientiam.Velim oratam Dominationem Vestram Reverendissimam, ut mihi mittere dignaretur et suam et regis genituram vel saltem tempus, quod mihi sat est. Iuvat enim his rebus nonnumquam tempus fallere. Nam reliquum tempus medicinae impartior, in qua iam gradum adeptus sum a stain⌈[a]a stain⌉tque deinceps arcem peto.

Dominus noster, Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊Iesus ChristusJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋, Dominationem Vestram Reverendissimam quam diutissime incolumem et prosperum conservet, cui me quam plurimum commendo eiusque fratribus, domino Georg von Höfen (Georg Flachsbinder, Georgius de Curiis) (†after 1550-02-07), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother; Starosta of Rössel (HARTMANN 1525-1550, No. 584, 586, 588; AGAD, MK, 77, f. 385-386v)⌊GeorgioGeorg von Höfen (Georg Flachsbinder, Georgius de Curiis) (†after 1550-02-07), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother; Starosta of Rössel (HARTMANN 1525-1550, No. 584, 586, 588; AGAD, MK, 77, f. 385-386v)⌋ ac domino Bernhard von Höfen (Bernhard Flachsbinder) (†after 1548), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother, stayed with Dantiscus in Spain, as a member of his mission's retinue, and was used as a trusted courier to Poland at least from 1526; after 1530 Starost of Löbau⌊BerhardoBernhard von Höfen (Bernhard Flachsbinder) (†after 1548), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother, stayed with Dantiscus in Spain, as a member of his mission's retinue, and was used as a trusted courier to Poland at least from 1526; after 1530 Starost of Löbau⌋, totique familiae.

Ex Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovanioLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋, Kalendis Augusti 1536.

Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae deditissimus famulus Gemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌊Gemma FrisiusGemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌋

UUB, H. 154, f. 24v

Reverendissimo in Christo patri et domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, Warmiensi episcopo dignissimo etc. domino suo et Maecenati colendissimo

UUB, H. 154, f. 24r

Salutem plurimam et officiorum meorum commendationem.

Non potui committere, Praesul Reverendissime, quin data hac tanta opportunitate nuntii aliquid de meo ac nostratium statu ad Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam transcriberem, cui spero non ingratum fore aut saltem non molestum inter arduas occupationes aliquid etiam nostrarum nugarum admittere. Sane mihi longe omnium gratissimum hac tam longa temporis et locorum intercapedine fuit audire certi aliquid de Reverendissima Dominatione Vestra, quam multi etiam praeclari viri iique Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae non solum noti sed et familiarissimi, iam dudum e vivis excessisse contenderunt, adeo ut et me fere in eandem opinionem pertraxerint. Sed suspicionem hanc et metum discussit dominus Jakob von Barthen (Warten, Barten) (*ca. 1505 – †ca. 1565), Gdańsk burgher, doctor of both canon and civil law, Melanchthon's student, acquaintance of Cornelis De Schepper; from 1529 secretary of Riga; from 1534 at the latest in the service of Gdańsk (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 281-282; MBW T 11, p. 116)⌊Iacobus a BarthenJakob von Barthen (Warten, Barten) (*ca. 1505 – †ca. 1565), Gdańsk burgher, doctor of both canon and civil law, Melanchthon's student, acquaintance of Cornelis De Schepper; from 1529 secretary of Riga; from 1534 at the latest in the service of Gdańsk (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 281-282; MBW T 11, p. 116)⌋, Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae (ut audio) amicus, qui nos non parum exhilaravit. Quantum vero ad statum rerum mearum attinet, ego arte medica victum quaerito, artes vero mathematicas non nihil sepono, ita urgente rerum nostrarum condicione, quae quaestuosam magis requirunt quam iucundam artem. cf. Vulg. Ps (G) 127.3-4 ⌊Barbara, wife of Gemma Frisius (Iacobina), wife of Regnier Gemma from 1534 (REICH 2005, p. 324)⌊Uxor meaBarbara, wife of Gemma Frisius (Iacobina), wife of Regnier Gemma from 1534 (REICH 2005, p. 324)⌋ sicut vitis abundans in lateribus domus meae et filii sicut novellae olivarum in circuitu mensae. Ecce sic benedicetur homo, qui timet dominum!cf. Vulg. Ps (G) 127.3-4 ⌋ son of Gemma Frisius ⌊Filiusson of Gemma Frisius ⌋ tamen t(antu)m unicus superstes est, alter in divorum numerum relatus, tertium vel filiam exspecto in mensem, Deo iuvante. Utinam Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram possem ad suscipiendam prolem orare! Sperarem impetraturum id me (quae eius est humanitas) non difficulter. Reliqua nostri status utcumque habent.

Novarum rerum hic magna satis copia. Exspectamus in dies adventum Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋, quem iam in France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊GalliaFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ esse non est dubium. Excipietur cum triumpho Paris (Lutetia Parisiorum, Parisii), city in central France, on the Seine river, capital of France⌊ParhisiisParis (Lutetia Parisiorum, Parisii), city in central France, on the Seine river, capital of France⌋ decima quinta huius mensis (tantum confidit Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊GalloFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋), inde recta ad nos migraturus. Ghent (Gent, Gand, Gandavum), city in the Low Countries, the County of Flanders, today in Belgium⌊GandavumGhent (Gent, Gand, Gandavum), city in the Low Countries, the County of Flanders, today in Belgium⌋ maximos excitavit tumultus adversus aulam reginae. Exactiones solvere noluit, sed milites exhibere, magistratum omnem mutavit, vectigalia renuit; nunc tamen usque ad Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ adventum pacata sunt omnia. Traiecti Meuse (Maas, Mosa), river rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea⌊MosaeMeuse (Maas, Mosa), river rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea⌋ praetor et consul una nocte per tumultum miserrime occisi sunt, cadavera in platea relicta plus 24 horis. Causam non caperet epistola, nec tempus admittit, adeo mihi ex insperato haec oblata est scribendi occasio. Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌊Rex AngliaeHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌋ duxit in uxorem Anne of Cleves (*1515 – †1557), Queen of England (1540-01-06 - 1540-07-09) as the fourth wife of Henry VIII Tudor; daughter of John III the Peaceful, Duke of Cleves, and Maria of Jülich-Berg⌊filiam Johan III van Kleef Vredebereide (John III the Peacemaker) (*1490 – †1539), 1521-1539 Duke of Cleves; son of Johan II van Kleef and Mathilde van Hessen⌊ducis CliviaeJohan III van Kleef Vredebereide (John III the Peacemaker) (*1490 – †1539), 1521-1539 Duke of Cleves; son of Johan II van Kleef and Mathilde van Hessen⌋Anne of Cleves (*1515 – †1557), Queen of England (1540-01-06 - 1540-07-09) as the fourth wife of Henry VIII Tudor; daughter of John III the Peaceful, Duke of Cleves, and Maria of Jülich-Berg⌋; Duchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌊GheldriamDuchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌋ adhuc obtinet Wilhelm V Der Reiche (Wilhelm of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, William I of Cleves, William V of Jülich-Berg) (*1516 – †1592), 1538-1543 Duke of Guelders and Zutphen, 1539-1592 Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg. During the 3rd Guelderian War that followed, France he was an ally to Guelders against Charles V. His predecessor, Duke Charles of Guelders, also concluded an alliance with France (MÜLLER)⌊dux Cliviae iuniorWilhelm V Der Reiche (Wilhelm of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, William I of Cleves, William V of Jülich-Berg) (*1516 – †1592), 1538-1543 Duke of Guelders and Zutphen, 1539-1592 Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg. During the 3rd Guelderian War that followed, France he was an ally to Guelders against Charles V. His predecessor, Duke Charles of Guelders, also concluded an alliance with France (MÜLLER)⌋, nam Johan III van Kleef Vredebereide (John III the Peacemaker) (*1490 – †1539), 1521-1539 Duke of Cleves; son of Johan II van Kleef and Mathilde van Hessen⌊seniorJohan III van Kleef Vredebereide (John III the Peacemaker) (*1490 – †1539), 1521-1539 Duke of Cleves; son of Johan II van Kleef and Mathilde van Hessen⌋ obiit, quemadmodum et dux Gheldriae, dominus de Nassaw, Erardus de Buren ⌊cardinalis Erardus dominus de BurenErardus de Buren ⌋ ac plures alii. Item Adriaan van Baarland (Adrianus Cornelii Barlandus) (*1486 – †1538), Dutch historian, professor of philosophy and eloquence in the university of Leuven; one of the most ardent supporters of Erasmus of Rotterdam (CE, vol. 1, p. 95-96)⌊BarlandusAdriaan van Baarland (Adrianus Cornelii Barlandus) (*1486 – †1538), Dutch historian, professor of philosophy and eloquence in the university of Leuven; one of the most ardent supporters of Erasmus of Rotterdam (CE, vol. 1, p. 95-96)⌋ noster et Conradus Goclenius (Conradus Wackers, Conradus Gockelen) (*1489 – †1539), prominent humanist and editor; from 1519 professor of Latin at the Collegium Trilingue of the University in Louvain; friend of Erasmus of Rotterdam (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 76-77; CE, vol. 2, p. 109-111)⌊GocleniusConradus Goclenius (Conradus Wackers, Conradus Gockelen) (*1489 – †1539), prominent humanist and editor; from 1519 professor of Latin at the Collegium Trilingue of the University in Louvain; friend of Erasmus of Rotterdam (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 76-77; CE, vol. 2, p. 109-111)⌋, Lovaniensis Academiae duo lumina. Professor Latinus nunc est Petrus Nanius ⌊Petrus quidam NaniusPetrus Nanius ⌋, non vulgariter eruditus, verum non aeque facundus.

His paucis Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram Deo Optimo Maximo commendo, qui eam quam diutissime sospitem servet.

Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovaniiLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋, 12-a Decembris 1539.

Reverendissimae D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌈D(ominationis)D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌉ Vestrae paratissimus Gemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌊Gemma FrisiusGemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌋

UUB, H. 154, f. 50v

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, episcopo Varmiensi, patrono suo colendissimo

Varmiae

UUB, H. 154, f. 49r

Videris, Praesul ornatissime, non iniuria queri de me, quod postremis Dominationis Tuae litteris ne brevi ms. gri(!) ⌈brevibrevi ms. gri(!) ⌉ quidem responderim. Neque ego commode me umquam purgare possem, si aut negligentia aut quodam animi fastu id commisissem. Verum quandoquidem animus mihi bene conscius est, quantis quamque variis distractus fuerim hactenus curis, maiori longe animo minorique verecundia rursus audeo ad Dominationem Tuam Reverendissimam importunius scribere, si tamen importunum dici meretur, quod ipse pro tua humanitate prior poscis.

At quas (inquies) curas mihi narras homuncio? Cui neque res publica commissa est, neque principis valetudo? Sane non minori cura passer sibi nidum exstruit pullosque educat, quam vel aquila vel struthiocamelus. Maiori interim negotio rusticus casulam exstruit humilem, quam princeps sumptuosa quantumvis palatia. Id adeo mihi evenit, ut mea quamvis exigui momenti negotiola tantum mihi facessant negotii, quantum forte Dominationi Tuae Reverendissimae gravissimi rerum status. Haec eo dico, Praesul ornatissime, ut tanto facilius tibi sim purgatus persu, persuasumque Dominationi Tuae sit, non ex negligentia commissum esse, cur minus quicq(uam) or quu(m)q(ue)⌈quicq(uam)quicq(uam) or quu(m)q(ue)⌉ amantissimis Dominationis Tuae litteris rescripserim, sed variis multisque et mihi saltem gravibus curis id adscribas velim. Profecto non admodum sunt exigui momenti (mea sententia) tot hominum valetudines, quas in dies curare habeo. Quamquam enim non sint principes aut heroes omnes, non tamen minus diligentiae illis debeo quam vel maximis ducibus, cum aeque magno constet Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊Christo DominoJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋ nostro eorum vita atque regis potentissimi.

At nunc Dei benignitate remissa est nonnihil saevities morborum, qui hic et maximi et non pauci grassati sunt annum fere totum multosque e medio sustulerunt, quamquam ne decimus quisque succubuerit eorum, qui morbo detenti gravissime decubuerunt. Itaque nunc et copiosius et liberius scribo Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae, quo et possem damnum resarcire (si quod passa est illa in me tua benevolentia), deleaturque posthac omnis negligentiae suspicio: quamvis etiam nunc novus incumbat labor novaque molestia anhelanti ad doctoratus lauream, quae, Deo favente, tertio (ante) Kalend(as) Septembr(is) or Septembr(es)⌈Septembr(is)Septembr(is) or Septembr(es)⌉ celebrabitur. Atque utinam ita tulisset rerum conditio, ut huic festo licuisset adesse Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae, Deum immortalem, quantum claritatis habiturus fuisset dies ille! Sed ferendum est quod mutari non potest.

Eustathius Knobelsdorf (Constans Alliopagus) (*1519 – †1571), neo-Latin poet, studied at the universities in Frankfurt an der Oder (1534-1544), Wittenberg (1538), Leipzig, Louvain (1540), Paris, and Orleans; from 1533 Dantiscus provided financial support for his education; 1544 secretary of the Ermland (Warmia) Chapter; 1546 Canon of Ermland; 1546 Canon of Wrocław (Breslau); 1546-1548 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1548-1551 administrator of the Chapter's estate in Allenstein (Olsztyn); 1552 Custos of Ermland; 1553 Vicar General of the bishopric of Ermland; 1558-1564 administrator of the diocese of Ermland in the absence of Bishop Stanisław Hozjusz; 1559 Chancellor of the Wrocław Chapter; 1565 Dean of the Wrocław Chapter; 1567 General Judicial Vicar of the diocese of Wrocław (BORAWSKA 1996 Życie, p. 70, 103; KOPICZKO 2, p. 152; SBKW, p. 152; KNOBELSDORF)⌊EustachiumEustathius Knobelsdorf (Constans Alliopagus) (*1519 – †1571), neo-Latin poet, studied at the universities in Frankfurt an der Oder (1534-1544), Wittenberg (1538), Leipzig, Louvain (1540), Paris, and Orleans; from 1533 Dantiscus provided financial support for his education; 1544 secretary of the Ermland (Warmia) Chapter; 1546 Canon of Ermland; 1546 Canon of Wrocław (Breslau); 1546-1548 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1548-1551 administrator of the Chapter's estate in Allenstein (Olsztyn); 1552 Custos of Ermland; 1553 Vicar General of the bishopric of Ermland; 1558-1564 administrator of the diocese of Ermland in the absence of Bishop Stanisław Hozjusz; 1559 Chancellor of the Wrocław Chapter; 1565 Dean of the Wrocław Chapter; 1567 General Judicial Vicar of the diocese of Wrocław (BORAWSKA 1996 Życie, p. 70, 103; KOPICZKO 2, p. 152; SBKW, p. 152; KNOBELSDORF)⌋ insignis probitatis neque minoris eruditionis iuvenem, lubens amplector gestioque, si per facultatulas meas liceret, demonstrare illi, quem erga eum gero animum: licet sperem hac in re nihil opus ipsum habere meis subsidiis. Videtur sane ad poesin natus atque in ipso Helicon, mountain in Greece, a temple of Apollo and a grove dedicated to the Muses was there located in antiquity; the ancients belived that the springs there gave poets inspiration⌊HeliconeHelicon, mountain in Greece, a temple of Apollo and a grove dedicated to the Muses was there located in antiquity; the ancients belived that the springs there gave poets inspiration⌋ enutritus, ita fluunt tamquam de flumine versus. Certe videntur fato quodam Muses Greek goddesses of literature and the arts⌊MusaeMuses Greek goddesses of literature and the arts⌋, relictis Pegasus ⌊PegasiPegasus ⌋ fontibus, in Sarmatiam commigrasse, allectae nescio qua aut dulcedine soli aut potius incolarum genio, ac propulsae ex consuetis UUB, H. 154, f. 49v Parnassus, mount in central Greece near Delphi, north of the Gulf of Corinth⌊ParnasiParnassus, mount in central Greece near Delphi, north of the Gulf of Corinth⌋ sedibus barbarie insueta The Greeks ⌊GraecorumThe Greeks ⌋ istuc profugisse.

Atque ut de aliis nunc taceam, ipsa sane Urania sedes ibi fixit novas, novosque suos excitavit cultores, qui novam nobis terram, novum Phoebum, nova astra, immo totum alium apportabunt orbem. Et quid ni novum, cum hactenus ignotum prorsus et incertis depictum limitibus orbem iam deinceps tamquam e caelo asportatum notissimum simus habituri! Quot enim erroribus, involucris, labyrinthis, quot denique aenigmatibus plus quam Sphyngicis involutam habuimus nostram astrologiam! Ego sane multa possem enumerare, quae numquam mihi satisfacere potuerunt. Quale est, quod Martis motum saepe a calculo vel exactissimo, secundum tabulas, tribus signiferi partibus abesse observaverim; quod Lunae magnitudo non tantum varietur ad nostrum conspectum, quantum notant gravissimi huius artis auctores; quod anni quantitas numquam inventa sit exacte conformis veritati. Nihil nunc dicam de motu firmamenti et apogiorum, qui, ut ne umbram quidem habuit veritatis, ita omnibus ridiculus approbatur; omitto etiam plura alia de omnium fere stellarum longitudine et latitudine, ne Dominationi Tuae Reverendissimae obstrepam incivilius.

Haec si reddiderit Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌊auctor ille vestrasNicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌋ sarta et tecta (id quod maxime animus praesagit ex eo cf. Georg Joachim Rheticus, De libris revolutionum eruditissimi viri et mathematici excellentissimi, reverendi domini doctoris Nicolai Copernici Torunnaei, canonici Varmiensis, per quendam iuvenem mathematicae studiosum narratio prima, Gedanum, Franciscus Rhodus, 1540 ⌊proemiocf. Georg Joachim Rheticus, De libris revolutionum eruditissimi viri et mathematici excellentissimi, reverendi domini doctoris Nicolai Copernici Torunnaei, canonici Varmiensis, per quendam iuvenem mathematicae studiosum narratio prima, Gedanum, Franciscus Rhodus, 1540 ⌋, quod praemisit), nonne hoc est novam dare terram, novum caelum ac novum mundum? Neque ego nunc disputo de hypothesibus, quibus ille utitur pro sua demonstratione, quales sint, aut quantum veritatis habeant. Mea enim non refert, terramne dicat circumvolvi, an immotam consistere; modo siderum motus temporumque intervalla habeamus ad amussim discreta et in exactissimum calculum redacta. Sola me mora omnium pessime habet: cupio enim iamiam videre huius negotii finem, et non pauci sunt passim viri eruditi, quibus non minor inest animi cupiditas haecce videndi, quam mihi. Quapropter, ornatissime Praesul, non parum mereberis gratiae cum apud infinitos haud infimae doctrinae viros, tum apud posteros omnes, si (quod tibi arbitror neque grave esse neque arduum) calcaribus tantum usus hoc opus promoveas. Non te latet enim, qua ratione saepe accidat a decessu hidden by binding⌈[u]u hidden by binding⌉ auctoris, ut libri, opera, supellex denique tota diripiantur abeantque in oblivionem, quae alioqui multis ex usu essent futura. Scis arbritor, dignissime Praesul, de quo loquar, nam et mihi praesenti olim de Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌊hoc auctore celebriNicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌋ fecisti mentionem, cum de terrae caelique motu inter nos conferremus.

Quod superest, me Dominationi Tuae Reverendissimae quam commendatissimum esse cupio, precorque Deum Optimum Maximum, ut Dominationem Tuam Reverendissimam dignetur quam diutissime sospitem servare.

Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovaniiLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋, decimotertio (ante) Kal(endas) Augusti 1541.

D(ominationi) or D(ominationis)⌈D(ominationi)D(ominationi) or D(ominationis)⌉ Vestrae Reverendissimae deditissimus Gemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌊Gemma FrisiusGemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌋

AAWO, AB, D. 70, f. 198v

Eximie Domine et mihi carissime Gemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌊GemmaGemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌋.

Salutem tibi, Barbara, wife of Gemma Frisius (Iacobina), wife of Regnier Gemma from 1534 (REICH 2005, p. 324)⌊Iacobinae paper damaged⌈[e]e paper damaged⌉Barbara, wife of Gemma Frisius (Iacobina), wife of Regnier Gemma from 1534 (REICH 2005, p. 324)⌋ tuae cum prolibus, et omnia fausta precor.

Non potui committere, cum is nobilis generosusque iuvenis dominus Krzysztof Konarski (*before 1526 – †ca. 1574), in 1557-1565, as a royal secretary, he undertook several diplomatic missions; 1543 scribe at the royal chancellery, later royal secretary, 1568 member of the Maritime Commission, before 1568 starost of Jurborg (KOROLKO, p. 210)⌊Cristophorus ConarskyKrzysztof Konarski (*before 1526 – †ca. 1574), in 1557-1565, as a royal secretary, he undertook several diplomatic missions; 1543 scribe at the royal chancellery, later royal secretary, 1568 member of the Maritime Commission, before 1568 starost of Jurborg (KOROLKO, p. 210)⌋ a serenissimo Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊rege meoSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ ad aulam vestram missus sit, quin te litteris meis inviserem superinscribed⌈invisereminviserem superinscribed⌉, licet vicaria manu scriptis, dictaturae enim, etiam mihi invito, accessit magistratus, eo quod calamo iam a tribus mensibus uti nequeam.

Superiori anno per Euch Eustathius Knobelsdorf (Constans Alliopagus) (*1519 – †1571), neo-Latin poet, studied at the universities in Frankfurt an der Oder (1534-1544), Wittenberg (1538), Leipzig, Louvain (1540), Paris, and Orleans; from 1533 Dantiscus provided financial support for his education; 1544 secretary of the Ermland (Warmia) Chapter; 1546 Canon of Ermland; 1546 Canon of Wrocław (Breslau); 1546-1548 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1548-1551 administrator of the Chapter's estate in Allenstein (Olsztyn); 1552 Custos of Ermland; 1553 Vicar General of the bishopric of Ermland; 1558-1564 administrator of the diocese of Ermland in the absence of Bishop Stanisław Hozjusz; 1559 Chancellor of the Wrocław Chapter; 1565 Dean of the Wrocław Chapter; 1567 General Judicial Vicar of the diocese of Wrocław (BORAWSKA 1996 Życie, p. 70, 103; KOPICZKO 2, p. 152; SBKW, p. 152; KNOBELSDORF)⌊Eustachium meum a KnobelsdorffEustathius Knobelsdorf (Constans Alliopagus) (*1519 – †1571), neo-Latin poet, studied at the universities in Frankfurt an der Oder (1534-1544), Wittenberg (1538), Leipzig, Louvain (1540), Paris, and Orleans; from 1533 Dantiscus provided financial support for his education; 1544 secretary of the Ermland (Warmia) Chapter; 1546 Canon of Ermland; 1546 Canon of Wrocław (Breslau); 1546-1548 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1548-1551 administrator of the Chapter's estate in Allenstein (Olsztyn); 1552 Custos of Ermland; 1553 Vicar General of the bishopric of Ermland; 1558-1564 administrator of the diocese of Ermland in the absence of Bishop Stanisław Hozjusz; 1559 Chancellor of the Wrocław Chapter; 1565 Dean of the Wrocław Chapter; 1567 General Judicial Vicar of the diocese of Wrocław (BORAWSKA 1996 Życie, p. 70, 103; KOPICZKO 2, p. 152; SBKW, p. 152; KNOBELSDORF)⌋, cum me superinscribed in place of crossed-out mihi⌈mihi me me superinscribed in place of crossed-out mihi⌉ eo tempore ad te scribendi in multis occupationibus deficeret otium, tibi dici commisi de illa mathesi, de qua ad me cf. Gemma Frisius to Ioannes DANTISCUS Leuven (Lovanium), 1541-07-20, CIDTC IDL 2467⌊scripsisticf. Gemma Frisius to Ioannes DANTISCUS Leuven (Lovanium), 1541-07-20, CIDTC IDL 2467⌋, quod eam auctor, Ermland (Warmia, Varmia), diocese and ecclesiastical principality in northeastern Poland, 1466-1772 within the Kingdom of Poland, Royal Prussia⌊ecclesiae meaeErmland (Warmia, Varmia), diocese and ecclesiastical principality in northeastern Poland, 1466-1772 within the Kingdom of Poland, Royal Prussia⌋ canonicus, doctor Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌊Nicolaus CoperniciusNicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌋, qui is diebus in extremis fere laborat paralisi affectus, cuidam Georg Joachim Rheticus (*1514 – †1574), mathematician, cartographer, physician, pupil of Nicolaus Copernicus⌊mathematicoGeorg Joachim Rheticus (*1514 – †1574), mathematician, cartographer, physician, pupil of Nicolaus Copernicus⌋ evulgandam typis tradiderit. Iussi et cf. In Copernici libellum epigramma shortly before 1541-06-27, CIDTC IDP 57⌊epigramma meumcf. In Copernici libellum epigramma shortly before 1541-06-27, CIDTC IDP 57⌋ tibi legendum ostendi, quod t(?) rei ipsius et ipsius Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌊auctorisNicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌋ non vanas habet laudes.[1] Quid porro cum ea excusione fiat, hucusque me praeterit.

Tu, si quid habes in eadem mathesi a te editum vel forsan in ea, quam profiteris, medica facultate a te editum superinscribed, in the hand of Dantiscus⌈a te edituma te editum superinscribed, in the hand of Dantiscus⌉, per hunc Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimi regis meiSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ Krzysztof Konarski (*before 1526 – †ca. 1574), in 1557-1565, as a royal secretary, he undertook several diplomatic missions; 1543 scribe at the royal chancellery, later royal secretary, 1568 member of the Maritime Commission, before 1568 starost of Jurborg (KOROLKO, p. 210)⌊oratoremKrzysztof Konarski (*before 1526 – †ca. 1574), in 1557-1565, as a royal secretary, he undertook several diplomatic missions; 1543 scribe at the royal chancellery, later royal secretary, 1568 member of the Maritime Commission, before 1568 starost of Jurborg (KOROLKO, p. 210)⌋ ad me transmittas. Referetur tibi per occasionem non indigna gratia. Si qua etiam in re ipsi domino Krzysztof Konarski (*before 1526 – †ca. 1574), in 1557-1565, as a royal secretary, he undertook several diplomatic missions; 1543 scribe at the royal chancellery, later royal secretary, 1568 member of the Maritime Commission, before 1568 starost of Jurborg (KOROLKO, p. 210)⌊oratoriKrzysztof Konarski (*before 1526 – †ca. 1574), in 1557-1565, as a royal secretary, he undertook several diplomatic missions; 1543 scribe at the royal chancellery, later royal secretary, 1568 member of the Maritime Commission, before 1568 starost of Jurborg (KOROLKO, p. 210)⌋ usui esse possis, te ob veterem meam in te benevolentiam oro, ne pigrere illi tuam praestare operam.

Sunt mihi duo nepotes, quos, sopitis his bellis, quibus orbis Christianus ubique tumultuatur, ad vos mittere statui. Tu – quaeso – me edoceas, quomodo res litteraria quosve lectores on the margin⌈quosve lectoresquosve lectores on the margin⌉ apud vos habeat, et quibus impensis annuis se apud vos sustineri possint, in eo mihi rem apprime gratam facturus.

Mi carissime Gemma, vale Barbara, wife of Gemma Frisius (Iacobina), wife of Regnier Gemma from 1534 (REICH 2005, p. 324)⌊uxoremque tuamBarbara, wife of Gemma Frisius (Iacobina), wife of Regnier Gemma from 1534 (REICH 2005, p. 324)⌋ meo nomine complectere, etiam si multis volueris vicibus, illique et omnibus amicis salutem dices.

Ex arce mea Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński, Heilsberga), town in Ermland (Warmia), the main seat of the bishops of Ermland⌊HeilsbergHeilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński, Heilsberga), town in Ermland (Warmia), the main seat of the bishops of Ermland⌋, XXIX Ianuarii 1543.

[1] The term mathesis undoubtedly refers here to Copernicus’ work cf. Nicolaus Copernicus, De revolutionibus orbium caelestium, Nuremberg, 1543 ⌊De revolutionibuscf. Nicolaus Copernicus, De revolutionibus orbium caelestium, Nuremberg, 1543 ⌋; however, the epigram of praise that Dantiscus created for Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌊CopernicusNicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌋ was only placed at the beginning of a fragment of De revolutionibus (book I, chapters 13 and 14), published separately by Georg Joachim Rheticus (*1514 – †1574), mathematician, cartographer, physician, pupil of Nicolaus Copernicus⌊Joachim RheticusGeorg Joachim Rheticus (*1514 – †1574), mathematician, cartographer, physician, pupil of Nicolaus Copernicus⌋ in 1542 under the title cf. Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik), De lateribus et angulis triangulorum, tum planorum rectilineorum, tum Sphaericorum, libellus eruditissimus et utilissimus, cum ad plerasque Ptolemaei demonstrationes intelligendas … scriptus a Clarissimo et doctissimo viro Domino Nicolao Copernico …, Wittenberg, Ioannes LUFFT, 1542 ⌊De lateribus et angulis triangulorum, tum planorum rectilineorum, tum sphaericorumcf. Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik), De lateribus et angulis triangulorum, tum planorum rectilineorum, tum Sphaericorum, libellus eruditissimus et utilissimus, cum ad plerasque Ptolemaei demonstrationes intelligendas … scriptus a Clarissimo et doctissimo viro Domino Nicolao Copernico …, Wittenberg, Ioannes LUFFT, 1542 ⌋ .

UUB, H. 154, f. 71v

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri ac Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, episcopo Warmiensi etc., domino et patrono suo colendissimo

UUB, H. 154, f. 70r

Reverendissime Domine, salutem et officiorum meorum commendationem.

Vix tandem legi, Reverendissime Domine, summo desiderio longoque temporis tra[...] paper damaged⌈[...][...] paper damaged⌉ctu expetitas Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae litteras plenas in me amoris et benevolentiae, pro quibus ne Croesus (†after 547 BC), the last king of Lydia, famous for his wealth⌊CroesiCroesus (†after 547 BC), the last king of Lydia, famous for his wealth⌋ quidem divitias (ut ita loquar) in praesentiarum mihi concessas velim. Quamquam enim aliqua in parte argumentum satis triste tractant, ubi scilicet manum illam tot heroibus notissimam ac regibus quoque adamatam adeo languere narrant, ut iam sine vicario nihil agere possit, altera tamen parte maximum mihi eximerunt metum et insigni perfuderunt gaudio. Iam dudum enim apud nos increbuerat rumor et nonnullis quoque persuasit longum silentium, Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram simul et scribere et vivere desiisse. A qua suspicione liberati serio nunc exultamus, et ut eandem Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram longa et meliori valetudine donare velit is, in cuius manu sortes nostrae sunt, precamur ex animo.

Apud generosum et nobilem dominum oratorem Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊serenissimi regis vestriSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ cenavi nuper in aedibus magnifici domini Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌊Cornelii ScepperiCornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌋, forte Brussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌊BruxellamBrussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌋ vocatus ob malam valetudinem illustris domini a Prato; ac tum mea omnia, quae parum ipsi domino Christophoro usui esse possunt, in promptitudinis animi mei signum, ut debui, obtuli, cui sane nomine Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae obsequium aliquod praestare cuperem. Sed revertenti mihi post tres dies Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovaniumLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋ interea videre numquam ipsum contigit, itaque non potui pro animi voto meam erga Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram voluntatem declarare. Si tamen nepotes Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae contigerit huc ad nos pervenire, id quod summopere desidero, spero effecturum me, ne vana videri possit haec mea pollicitatio. De statu vero litterario nostrae academiae tantum Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae significandum statui. Doctores nos habere in quovis disciplinarum et artium genere excellentes. In iure civili dominum Ioannes Hazius ⌊Ioannem HaziumIoannes Hazius ⌋, dominum Amicum et dominum Gabrielem, viros omnes non minus facundos quam eruditos; in canonibus dominum Dominicum, dominum Michaelem Druysium et licentiatum Wilmarum Bernardum, quorum et vita doctrinae excellentiae respondet; theologorum vero (quos merito primo ordine recensere debueram) magnus est apud nos et numerus et splendor. Inter quos acutior videtur et senior m(agnificum) n(omen) Iacobus Latomus (Jacques Masson) (*ca. 1475 – †1544), distinguished Flemish theologian, adviser to the Inquisition and adversary of Erasmus of Rotterdam. In his works he defended the divine origin of the papal primacy in opposite to Luther and Reformation. He was also against the teaching of Greek and Hebrew, which he believed to be dangerous rather than useful; 1526-1535 canon of Cambrai; 1535 - professor of theology and canon of St Peter's in Louvain; 1537 rector of the Louvain University (CE, vol. 2, p. 304-306)⌊Iacobus LatomiIacobus Latomus (Jacques Masson) (*ca. 1475 – †1544), distinguished Flemish theologian, adviser to the Inquisition and adversary of Erasmus of Rotterdam. In his works he defended the divine origin of the papal primacy in opposite to Luther and Reformation. He was also against the teaching of Greek and Hebrew, which he believed to be dangerous rather than useful; 1526-1535 canon of Cambrai; 1535 - professor of theology and canon of St Peter's in Louvain; 1537 rector of the Louvain University (CE, vol. 2, p. 304-306)⌋. Sed quid ego caecus de coloribus? Doctores tandem medici aliquando hic plures sunt quam aegroti, et fuerunt plures quam auditores. Sed in dies quoque nomen claritasque scholae medicae Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovaniiLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋ sese ad sidera tollit; accessit enim nuper per Leuven Town Council ⌊magistratum LovaniensemLeuven Town Council ⌋ instituta nova medicinae lectio praeter consuetas, coepimus quoque anatomen celebrare, id quod hactenus plane neglectum fuit magno auditorum detrimento, nos quoque pro nostra tenuitate mathemata hac quadragesima coepimus declarare, ac in dies satis frequenti auditorio perficimus.

UUB, H. 154, f. 70v

Quod ad impensas annuas attinet, non est respondere facile. Sunt enim variae apud nos classes, varii ordines. Quisque pro sua et dignitate et pretio diverso accipitur. Sunt qui in paedagogiis victitant 36 aureis Carolis, hoc est 18 ducatis; sunt in eisdem paedagogiis alterius classis convictores, qui 24, sunt qui 25 ducatos annue pendunt. Simili quoque ratione apud doctores aut alios viros doctos vivitur. Maxima vero ex parte et passim hac tempestate 25 ducatis victus emitur. Novi quoque alios, qui in doctorum aedibus 30 ducatos pro victu numerant. Victus vero nomine cibum, potum, cubicula et lectum tantum numeramus; ligna, candelas ms. candelae(!) ⌈candelascandelas ms. candelae(!) ⌉, vestitus aliaque huiusmodi propriis quisque sumptibus sibi comparare debet. Sed tanta est apud nos bellorum tumultuatio, ut non videam, qua via nepotes Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae ad nos perrumpere possint. Anno elapso inhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌊Geldrensesinhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌋ et Clivenses Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊regis GalliFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ instinctu et nomine totam ms. tatam(!) ⌈totamtotam ms. tatam(!) ⌉ Brabant (Brabantia), duchy in the Low Countries, under Habsburg rule from 1482. Its territory corresponds to the Belgian provinces of Flemish Brabant, Walloon Brabant, Antwerp and the Brussels Capital Region, and the province of North-Brabant in the Netherlands⌊BrabantiamBrabant (Brabantia), duchy in the Low Countries, under Habsburg rule from 1482. Its territory corresponds to the Belgian provinces of Flemish Brabant, Walloon Brabant, Antwerp and the Brussels Capital Region, and the province of North-Brabant in the Netherlands⌋ fere devastarunt, ac Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovaniumLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋ omni praesidio destitutum fere per insidias occuparunt. Quo tempore et ego pro moenibus quatriduum adstiti iam factus miles non admodum voluntarius, vidique hostes bombardarum nostrarum globis disiectos et strenue repulsos. Unde tunc cecini: „Vicimus auxilio Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊ChristiJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋ post vincula Cephae!” Sed haec iam apud Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram notissima esse arbitror, potuissem alioqui ingens volumen harum rerum narratione implere, neque adhuc finis aliquis apparet, sed tantum progymnasmata quaedam videntur, prout ms. praeut(!) ⌈proutprout ms. praeut(!) ⌉ nunc omnia furorem Martium referunt, omnia sursum deorsumque volutantur. Sed dabit Deus his quoque finem spero!

Opus ille mathematicum summi viri domini Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌊Nicolai CoperniciiNicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik) (*1473 – †1543), humanist, physician and astronomer, doctor of canon law; nephew of Łukasz Watzenrode, Bishop of Ermland; 1497-1543 Canon of Ermland (Warmia); 1511-1513, 1520, 1524-1525, 1529 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1523 General Administrator of the bishopric after the death of Fabian von Lusian (Luzjański) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 161; SBKW, p. 123-124)⌋ summo desiderio exspecto, quod impressum iri dominus Eustachius mihi narravit, sed et sub prelo esse iam nunc referunt nonnullorum monimenta virorum ex Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniaGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋ prodeuntia. Et commodum sane nunc hoc opus exoritur, ut occasum tanti viri perpetua luce illustret, quamquam optem viro illi nestoreis annis digno vitam opere suo durabiliorem. Quam ut Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae et illi concedat Deus Optimus Maximus, cotidianis precibus oro. Barbara, wife of Gemma Frisius (Iacobina), wife of Regnier Gemma from 1534 (REICH 2005, p. 324)⌊UxorBarbara, wife of Gemma Frisius (Iacobina), wife of Regnier Gemma from 1534 (REICH 2005, p. 324)⌋ mihi carissima, Barbara nomine, neque re Latina vel Graeca, sed humanissima, ut amplexibus meis gaudet, ita amplexum amicitiae Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae summopere desiderat; veteres quoque Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae clientuli quam commendatissimi Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae esse cupiunt.

Ex Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovanioLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋, VII Aprilis anno MDXLIII.

Reverendissimae D(ominationi) Vestrae obsequentissimus Gemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌊Gemma FrisiusGemma Frisius (Jemme Reinerszoon) (*1508 – †1555), Netherlandish leading theoretical mathematician and practicing physician in Louvain, scholar, and tutor of Gerardus Mercator, studied medicine, mathematics and astronomy at the University in Louvain (1526), where he became a professor of medicine and mathematics, he applied his mathematical expertise to geography, astronomy and map making (HALLYN; VAN ORTROY)⌋