BCz, 243 p. 76

Magnifico et exc(ellentissimo) or exc(ellenti)⌈exc(ellentissimo)exc(ellentissimo) or exc(ellenti)⌉ Domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiae maiestatis PoloniaeSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ ad sacram Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaream maiestatemCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ oratori etc., domino et patri meo observandissimo

BCz, 243 p. 75

Salutem.

Credere potes me nihil operae diligentiaeque omisissem, quo meum ass written over e⌈ess written over e⌉equerer plus quam ms. plusquam(!) ⌈plus quamplus quam ms. plusquam(!) ⌉ parentem. Quarto die ab incepto itinere prehendi iam lassatum itineratione, vegetum tamen Mercurino Arborio di Gattinara (*1465 – †1530), humanist, jurist, trusted and influential advisor to Charles V; 1501 entered the service of the Habsburgs as legal counsel to Duchess Margaret of Austria, 1504 advisor and President of the Privy Council of Margaret of Austria, after the governoship of the Netherlands was entrusted to her, 1518 Grand Chancellor of Castile and later of Charles V as Roman Emperor, 1529 Cardinal of St. Giovanni a Porta Latina (after the death of his wife, Andreetta Avogadro) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 12; CE, vol. 2, p. 76-80)⌊senemMercurino Arborio di Gattinara (*1465 – †1530), humanist, jurist, trusted and influential advisor to Charles V; 1501 entered the service of the Habsburgs as legal counsel to Duchess Margaret of Austria, 1504 advisor and President of the Privy Council of Margaret of Austria, after the governoship of the Netherlands was entrusted to her, 1518 Grand Chancellor of Castile and later of Charles V as Roman Emperor, 1529 Cardinal of St. Giovanni a Porta Latina (after the death of his wife, Andreetta Avogadro) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 12; CE, vol. 2, p. 76-80)⌋. Mirari orig. Myrari⌈MirariMirari orig. Myrari⌉ possis, quantis omnium plausibus excipiatur. In Mercurino Arborio di Gattinara (*1465 – †1530), humanist, jurist, trusted and influential advisor to Charles V; 1501 entered the service of the Habsburgs as legal counsel to Duchess Margaret of Austria, 1504 advisor and President of the Privy Council of Margaret of Austria, after the governoship of the Netherlands was entrusted to her, 1518 Grand Chancellor of Castile and later of Charles V as Roman Emperor, 1529 Cardinal of St. Giovanni a Porta Latina (after the death of his wife, Andreetta Avogadro) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 12; CE, vol. 2, p. 76-80)⌊eoMercurino Arborio di Gattinara (*1465 – †1530), humanist, jurist, trusted and influential advisor to Charles V; 1501 entered the service of the Habsburgs as legal counsel to Duchess Margaret of Austria, 1504 advisor and President of the Privy Council of Margaret of Austria, after the governoship of the Netherlands was entrusted to her, 1518 Grand Chancellor of Castile and later of Charles V as Roman Emperor, 1529 Cardinal of St. Giovanni a Porta Latina (after the death of his wife, Andreetta Avogadro) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 12; CE, vol. 2, p. 76-80)⌋ omnem et totam Spain (Hispania)⌊HispaniarumSpain (Hispania)⌋ spem positam locatamque esse uno passim omnes ore conclamant. Equidem misereor huius candoris eo provecti, ut non desint, qui illius prudentiae, cum alias nequeant, hoc modo detrahant tamquam orig. tanquam⌈tamquamtamquam orig. tanquam⌉ meis ille consiliis iter hoc inchoarit. Sed ego quidem facile patiar cf. Ter. Eu. 381 At enim istaec in me cudetur faba ⌊hanc in me fabam coniectam essecf. Ter. Eu. 381 At enim istaec in me cudetur faba ⌋, quippe qui adversus tales insultus animo sum plus quam ms. plusquam(!) ⌈plus quamplus quam ms. plusquam(!) ⌉ intrepido.

Vicecancellarius encrypted ⌈Balthasar Merklin von Waldkirch (*ca. 1479 – †1531), 1500 doctor of canon law at the University of Bologna; councillor at the imperial courts of Maximilian I and Charles V, 1527-1531 Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, 1527-1531 titular Bishop of Malta, Bishop of Hildesheim (confirmed in 1530) and coadjutor of the Bishop of Constance (confirmed in 1530) (NDB, Bd. 1, p. 566-567)⌊VicecancellariusBalthasar Merklin von Waldkirch (*ca. 1479 – †1531), 1500 doctor of canon law at the University of Bologna; councillor at the imperial courts of Maximilian I and Charles V, 1527-1531 Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, 1527-1531 titular Bishop of Malta, Bishop of Hildesheim (confirmed in 1530) and coadjutor of the Bishop of Constance (confirmed in 1530) (NDB, Bd. 1, p. 566-567)⌋Vicecancellarius encrypted ⌉,[1] quem semper habuit, tandem animum explicavit. Mirabere et hoc, quanto Balthasar Merklin von Waldkirch (*ca. 1479 – †1531), 1500 doctor of canon law at the University of Bologna; councillor at the imperial courts of Maximilian I and Charles V, 1527-1531 Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, 1527-1531 titular Bishop of Malta, Bishop of Hildesheim (confirmed in 1530) and coadjutor of the Bishop of Constance (confirmed in 1530) (NDB, Bd. 1, p. 566-567)⌊illeBalthasar Merklin von Waldkirch (*ca. 1479 – †1531), 1500 doctor of canon law at the University of Bologna; councillor at the imperial courts of Maximilian I and Charles V, 1527-1531 Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, 1527-1531 titular Bishop of Malta, Bishop of Hildesheim (confirmed in 1530) and coadjutor of the Bishop of Constance (confirmed in 1530) (NDB, Bd. 1, p. 566-567)⌋ apparatu ostentationeque hactenus occultarit virus id, virulentissimus homo. Dabitur id saeculo orig. seculo⌈saeculosaeculo orig. seculo⌉ huic saneque infelici orig. infoelici⌈infeliciinfelici orig. infoelici⌉. Lalmant encrypted ⌈Jean Lalemand (Ioannes Alemanus) (*1470 – †1560), friend of Erasmus of Rotterdam, adherent of Charles de Lannoy, Viceroy of Naples, personal enemy of Alfonso de Valdés, whom he charged with Lutheranism on the basis of his work "Dialogo de las cosas ocurridas en Roma"; secretary to Charles V, in December 1528 accused of betrayal and imprisoned, never regained the Emperor's favour⌊LalmantJean Lalemand (Ioannes Alemanus) (*1470 – †1560), friend of Erasmus of Rotterdam, adherent of Charles de Lannoy, Viceroy of Naples, personal enemy of Alfonso de Valdés, whom he charged with Lutheranism on the basis of his work "Dialogo de las cosas ocurridas en Roma"; secretary to Charles V, in December 1528 accused of betrayal and imprisoned, never regained the Emperor's favour⌋Lalmant encrypted ⌉[2] apud caesarem encrypted ⌈Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋caesarem encrypted ⌉[3] instetit encrypted ⌈instetitinstetit encrypted ⌉, ut ait, pro revocatione encrypted ⌈pro revocationepro revocatione encrypted ⌉, sed extra animum, neque adimplebit autem cupiditatem hanc malam. Nescio ominari successum harum rerum, adeo mihi videntur mirabiles. Italiae encrypted ⌈ItaliaeItaliae encrypted ⌉[4] passim multa [T] encrypted ⌈T undeciphered⌈[T]T undeciphered⌉[T] encrypted ⌉ facturum, modo caesari encrypted ⌈Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesariCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋caesari encrypted ⌉[5] visum ita fuerit. Sunt et istic orig. isthic⌈isticistic orig. isthic⌉, qui res regis Angliae encrypted ⌈regis Angliaeregis Angliae encrypted ⌉[6] strenue agunt, sed, ut audio, minime successuris conatibus. probably Clement VII (Giulio de' Medici) (*1478 – †1534), 1523-1534 Pope⌊Pontifex(?) encrypted ⌈Pontifex(?)Pontifex(?) encrypted ⌉probably Clement VII (Giulio de' Medici) (*1478 – †1534), 1523-1534 Pope⌋[7] fertur praeclara quaedam orig. quedam⌈quaedamquaedam orig. quedam⌉ adversus viceregem encrypted ⌈Charles de Lannoy (*ca. 1487 – †1527), first Count of Lannoy (1526-1527), Lord of Sanzeilles, Erquelines and Mingoval, soldier and statesman in the service of the Habsburgs ; 1521 Governor of Tournai, 1522-1523, 1526-1527 Viceroy of Naples, 1523-1527 commander in chief of Imperial armies in Italy⌊viceregemCharles de Lannoy (*ca. 1487 – †1527), first Count of Lannoy (1526-1527), Lord of Sanzeilles, Erquelines and Mingoval, soldier and statesman in the service of the Habsburgs ; 1521 Governor of Tournai, 1522-1523, 1526-1527 Viceroy of Naples, 1523-1527 commander in chief of Imperial armies in Italy⌋viceregem encrypted ⌉[8] gessisse. Nescio, an vobis id quoque constet.

Zaragoza (Saragossa, Caesaraugusta), city in northeastern Spain, Aragon, on the Ebro river⌊Caesarea est AugustaZaragoza (Saragossa, Caesaraugusta), city in northeastern Spain, Aragon, on the Ebro river⌋ ad Ebro, river in northern Spain⌊HiberumEbro, river in northern Spain⌋ flumen, quae nos humanissime excepit. Iam ad loca ea pervenimus, in quibus olim Caesar (Caius Iulius Caesar) (*100 BC – †44 BC), Roman politician, military commander and dictator⌊CaesarCaesar (Caius Iulius Caesar) (*100 BC – †44 BC), Roman politician, military commander and dictator⌋ Marcus Petreius (*110 BC – †46 BC), Roman politician and army commander; on the side of Pompey in the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey⌊PetreiumMarcus Petreius (*110 BC – †46 BC), Roman politician and army commander; on the side of Pompey in the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey⌋, Lucius Afranius (*ca. 112 BC – †46 BC), Roman politician and army commander; on the side of Pompey in the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey; consul in 60 BC⌊AfraniumLucius Afranius (*ca. 112 BC – †46 BC), Roman politician and army commander; on the side of Pompey in the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey; consul in 60 BC⌋ et Marcus Terentius Varro (*116 BC – †27 BC), Roman scholar and writer; army commander under Pompey in the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey⌊Marcum VarronemMarcus Terentius Varro (*116 BC – †27 BC), Roman scholar and writer; army commander under Pompey in the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey⌋, Pompey the Great (Cnaeus Pompeius Magnus) (*106 BC – †48 BC), associate and then opponent of Julius Caesar; great statesman and general of the late Roman Republic, 61–54 BC triumvir⌊PompeiiPompey the Great (Cnaeus Pompeius Magnus) (*106 BC – †48 BC), associate and then opponent of Julius Caesar; great statesman and general of the late Roman Republic, 61–54 BC triumvir⌋ duces, sibi in potestatem redegit,[9] inter Cinca, river in the north-east of Spain⌊SincamCinca, river in the north-east of Spain⌋ scilicet et Segre (Sègre), river in southern France, Andorra, Northern Spain, tributary to the Ebro⌊SycorimSegre (Sègre), river in southern France, Andorra, Northern Spain, tributary to the Ebro⌋ satis celebrem Lucan (Marcus Annaeus Lucanus) (*39 AD – †65 AD), ancient Roman poet⌊LucaniLucan (Marcus Annaeus Lucanus) (*39 AD – †65 AD), ancient Roman poet⌋ etiam cf. Marcus Annaeus Lucanus, Bellum Civile (Pharsalia) , IV⌊carminibuscf. Marcus Annaeus Lucanus, Bellum Civile (Pharsalia) , IV⌋, tribus tantum leucis ab Lerida (Lleida, Ilerda), city in the west of Catalonia, Spain⌊IlerdaLerida (Lleida, Ilerda), city in the west of Catalonia, Spain⌋. Lerida (Lleida, Ilerda), city in the west of Catalonia, Spain⌊QuoLerida (Lleida, Ilerda), city in the west of Catalonia, Spain⌋ postquam pervenerimus, videbis me copiosius scripturum esse, quandoquidem diem illic Palmarum[10] celebrabimus. Tu interea scribe ad me, quae facies rerum sit Valladolid (Vallisoletum, Oleti vallis), city in central Spain, Castile and León, on the Pisuerga river⌊istic orig. isthic⌈isticistic orig. isthic⌉Valladolid (Vallisoletum, Oleti vallis), city in central Spain, Castile and León, on the Pisuerga river⌋. Plurimum enim id ego scire desidero orig. desydero⌈desiderodesidero orig. desydero⌉. Commendabis autem me imprimis tibi, deinde illustri domino probably Johann II of Montfort-Rothenfels (*ca. 1490 – †1547), count of Montfort-Rothenfels; ambassador of Margaret of Austria, duchess of Savoy (BURMEISTER, p. 33-57)⌊comitiprobably Johann II of Montfort-Rothenfels (*ca. 1490 – †1547), count of Montfort-Rothenfels; ambassador of Margaret of Austria, duchess of Savoy (BURMEISTER, p. 33-57)⌋ et magnificis dominis comitibus palatinis,[11] confratribus meis, quos omnes iubeo tecum rectissime valere.

Ex Fraga, city in eastern Spain, Aragon⌊FragaFraga, city in eastern Spain, Aragon⌋ ad Cinca, river in the north-east of Spain⌊SincamCinca, river in the north-east of Spain⌋, XII-o die mensis Aprilis anno Domini M D XXVII-o.

Tuus, quem nosti, Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌊C(ornelius) D(uplicius) Sc(epperus)Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌋

[1] Vicecancellarius symbol [S1] (double gibbet) used for Baltasar Merklin von Waldkirch; the solution of the cipher based on Dantiscus’ solution of De Schepper’s use of this symbol preserved together with the fair copy of cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌊IDL 427cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌋

[2] Lalmant (arrow right symbol): the solution of the cipher is based on Dantiscus’ solution of De Schepper’s use of this symbol, as preserved together with the fair copy of cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌊IDL 427cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌋

[3] caesarem (symbol A): the solution of the cipher is based on Dantiscus’ solution of De Schepper’s use of this symbol, as preserved together with the fair copies of cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌊IDL 355cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌋ and cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌊IDL 427cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌋

[4] Italiae (symbol X): the solution of the cipher is based on Dantiscus’ solution of De Schepper’s use of this symbol, as preserved together with the fair copies of cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌊IDL 355cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌋ and cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌊IDL 427cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌋

[5] caesari (symbol A): the solution of the cipher is based on Dantiscus’ solution of De Schepper’s use of this symbol, as preserved together with the fair copies of cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌊IDL 355cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌋ and cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌊IDL 427cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Veere, 1529-03-09, CIDTC IDL 427⌋

[6] regis Angliae (symbol Q): the solution of the cipher is based on Dantiscus’ solution of De Schepper’s use of this symbol, as preserved together with the fair copy of cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌊IDL 355cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌋

[7] Pontifex(?) encrypted with the symbol B, which appears also in cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌊IDL 355cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌋ and cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Binche, 1546-06-12*, CIDTC IDL 2974⌊IDL 2974cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Binche, 1546-06-12*, CIDTC IDL 2974⌋. In the last case it surely stands for pontifex (the Pope). This meaning of the symbol B is also possible in both the earlier letters. However, such a solution is not certain and the cipher used in the letter cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Binche, 1546-06-12*, CIDTC IDL 2974⌊IDL 2974cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Binche, 1546-06-12*, CIDTC IDL 2974⌋ differs from that used in the other letters

[8] viceregem (symbol S): the solution of the cipher is based on Dantiscus’ solution of De Schepper’s use of this symbol, as preserved together with the fair copy of cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌊IDL 355cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Genoa, 1527-06-27, CIDTC IDL 355⌋

[9] The Battle of Illerda (49 BC) was a series of military actions near Illerda (now Lleida/Lerida) in the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey. It resulted in the surrender of Lucius Afranius and Marcus Petreius, the commanders of Pompey’s army, to Caesar, and thereafter, the surrender of Marcus Terentius Varro, praetor of Hispania Ulterior.

[10] In 1527 Palm Sunday fell on April 14.

[11] To be added later: which of the counts palatine were at the court of Charles V at that time.