CIDT&C Corpus of Ioannes Dantiscus' Texts & Correspondence

Letter #2974

Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS
Binche, 1546-06-12*

English register: De Schepper is happy about the arrival of Dantiscus’ long-awaited letter [IDL 6698 (letter lost)]. He received it in London near the end of Lent. He analyses the reasons why its delivery was delayed. He sees its content as being unfavourable towards the English and their King [henry VIII]. He thanks Dantiscus for accepting his apology [for the three-year break in his letter-writing].

He lists recently deceased people whose integrity is worth copying in these difficult times: René [de Châlon], Prince of Orange, Godschalk [Ericksen] and [Cornelis van] Zegherscapelle.

De Schepper reports the return of his stepson Matthias Laurijn from Constantinople. Following Dantiscus' request he characterises imperial envoy and secretary Gerard Veltwijck.

De Schepper responds to Dantiscus' request that he send him books directed against Martin Bucer's doctrine. He writes that after the doctrine’s official condemnation by the Roman Catholic Church and an imperial ban on bringing in books containing it, no one in the Low Countries is dealing with the subject any more. Therefore he is only sending Dantiscus De restauranda religione by the Parisian theologian Herman Lethmaet, who presents the topic in two volumes though he had announced there would be as many as thirty-six.

De Schepper describes the juicy details of the anonymously published biography of Bucer, lamenting the heretic’s long time of hiding among Christians [i.e. Roman Catholics] and his destructive influence on Hermann von Wied, Bishop of Cologne. He thinks that if Hendrik of Nassau were still alive, he would be shocked by the Nassau family’s connection to the Wied family. In De Schepper’s view, Bucer is all the more harmful because he has more followers than Martin Luther himself.

De Schepper expresses his delight with Filippo Archinto’s theological books. He knows about the Cracow edition published under Dantiscus’ patronage. De Schepper met with Archinto in Milan and in Nice. He intends to write to him, all the more so since Dantiscus wrote to him about the support Archinto provided to Dantiscus’ cousin in the case against the former Canon of Ermland, Alexander Sculteti. De Schepper criticises Sculteti’s conduct in reading of banned and frivolous books. He notes a similarity between Sculteti and members of the Łaski family, who have a bad influence on the inhabitants of Frisia and on some of De Schepper’s compatriots.

De Schepper reports that Maximiliaan van Egmond-Buren has regained his health and is due to arrive from Frisia at Queen Mary’s court. The rumour that he had been conducting levies for the King of England turned out to be false, because England and France are readying for a peace treaty.

De Schepper sends Dantiscus greetings from his friends, who were glad to hear that Dantiscus was still alive. Among them he lists Claude Bouton, Hendrik van Witthem, Petrus Clericus, Pierre de Boissot, Lord Silly [Jean III de Trazegnies] and Ioannes a Loven.

With reference to the congratulations that Dantiscus extends to his homeland for achieving peace, De Schepper is concerned as to whether this state will last in view of the envy of the country’s neighbours, especially the French. He is glad it is the Habsburg Netherlands that rule over the mouth of the Rhine, and the Duchy of Guelders from where enemies armed by France usually attack. After the defeats of the last war, the people of the Low Countries fortified the Duchy of Luxembourg, which was regained with some difficulty, and the County of Hainaut. The Emperor [Charles V] has also taken care of the previously neglected military training of the Low Countries’ young men.

De Schepper notes that the enemies of the state and religion who spread the false rumours which Dantiscus heard about the situation in the Low Countries have been subdued.

De Schepper responds to Dantiscus’ doubts as to whether the Emperor is still able to establish peace in view of the escalating conflict between France and England over Boulogne-sur-Mer. He agrees with Dantiscus’ view that all the spoils plundered both from the tomb of St. Thomas in Canterbury and from the monasteries would not satiate the soldiers’ greed. He outlines the negotiations concerning a joint military operation by the Emperor and England against France, in which he participated as an envoy to England. As a result of these, the Emperor made peace with France with the consent of England, which is still at war. De Schepper does not yet know the results of the missions which were sent by the German Protestant princes to the Kings of England and France with the aim of establishing an alliance against Emperor Charles and King Ferdinand. De Schepper encountered the envoys, Johannes Sturm and Johannes Sleidanus, who pretended not to recognise him and did not want to exchange greetings. De Schepper criticised them publicly.

De Schepper is happy about Dantiscus’ praise of his stable, almost homely lifestyle at Queen Mary’s court. He claims that he has to be ready to undertake diplomatic duties, especially dangerous and poorly paid ones, but admits that there are fewer of them now and they are less fatiguing than they used to be. He declares that he will make every effort to serve Christianity well.

De Schepper reciprocates Dantiscus’ greetings for his children by sending his best wishes to his friend’s nephews. At the request of Dantiscus’ acquaintances from the imperial court (including Lord of Courrières [Jean de Montmorency], the Marshal of Silly [Jean III de Trazegnies] and Hendrik Stercke), De Schepper intercedes for Dantiscus’ daughter [Juana Dantisca] and extensively outlines the situation of her husband Gracían [de Alderete], briefly writing about her mother [Isabel Delgada]. He criticises Dantiscus’ lack of interest in his daughter’s fate.

To Dantiscus’ remark that, contrary to the horoscope that foretold he would live a short life, De Schepper is now a grandfather, he replies that the prediction was based on an incorrect date of birth. To satisfy his friend’s curiosity, he declares that since he started serving rulers in other ways, he has completely abandoned astrology.

De Schepper agrees with Dantiscus’ negative opinion of Jan Łaski jr., who is active in territories across the River Ems. He has dared to spread his false teachings in Cologne and its environs, but does not go across the river [i.e. to the Habsburg Netherlands] for fear of punishment – a year earlier some Frenchmen from Strasbourg were burned at the stake there. Despite this, some from among the Netherlandish nobility (a.o. eldest son of Charles of Burgundy, whom Dantiscus knew) have been deluded by them and together with their families have emigrated to Strasbourg, Geneva and Zürich. De Schepper also describes two wealthy noblewomen from Twente in Overijssel who preferred to be burned alive rather than abandon the teachings of Menno Simons.

De Schepper points out that apostates, especially those infected with Anabaptism (including Polyphemus [Felix Rex] and Gnapheus), are fleeing from the Low Countries to Prussia, seeking the protection of the Duke [Albrecht]. In the person of the Duke, in De Schepper’s view, the Poles have raised a snake who is harming the German nobility.

De Schepper outlines the religious situation in France where, in his view, atheism is spreading. He seeks the reason for this in France’s frequent alliances with pagans, in wars against Christians and in the corruption of morals. He describes the overwhelming influence of the King’s mistress, Lady d’Estampes, on state affairs. He praises, as being just, the sentencing to death by burning at the stake of godless Frenchmen, including the scholar Étienne Dolet who slandered the Emperor, the Germans and the Spaniards on many occasions. He mentions that many Frenchmen are emigrating to Germany for religious reasons. He notes that the way in which the King of France [Francis I] treats Lutherans depends on his current relations with the Pope [Paul III], the Emperor and the German princes from the Schmalkaldic League.

Regarding the religious situation in England, De Schepper notes that although religious ceremonies have not been changed, he agrees with Dantiscus that church discipline and the primacy of the Pope have been rejected.

De Schepper reports on the worsening situation in Scotland. England’s supporters have killed the Cardinal of St. Andrews [David Beaton], who had ruled the country since the death of the King [James V Stuart].

De Schepper responds to Dantiscus’ explanations regarding his stay at the royal court for the wedding [of Sigismund II Augustus and Elisabeth of Austria]. He advises his friend not to regret the hardships this involved because, despite suffering illness and the disfavour of “Juno” [Bona Sforza d’Aragona], he gained the favour of the old King [Sigismund I]. He also suggests that Dantiscus bid the court farewell for good and devote himself exclusively to the affairs of Prussia, his true homeland.

De Schepper describes the failure of his peace missions in England. He reports that he passed on Dantiscus’ greetings to Bishops Cuthbert Tunstall and Stephen Gardiner but did not meet with Archbishop Cranmer, who leads a different life from the other two and is of a different faith. Therefore Schepper is not surprised at how he treated the boy from Lithuania [Georgius Rogenellus] and that he did not reply to Dantiscus’ letter.

As requested by Dantiscus, he explains the marital affairs of the King of England, listing his progeny and describing the background, connections and ultimate fate of all six wives.

De Schepper reports in detail on the actions of Stanisław Lasota, a courtier of the young King of Poland [Sigismund II Augustus], at the imperial, Netherlandish and English courts; Lasota introduced himself as a royal envoy and tried to arrange a marriage for the young King and organise international trade relations, while in reality he was a semi-private person without any credentials, a fact which was finally discovered.

De Schepper states that the English are not interested in an alliance with faraway Poland (which would be strengthened by an appropriate marriage). He asks to be recommended to the Polish king [Sigismund I] and for information about the new chancellor [Tomasz Sobocki], whom he does not know.

De Schepper is worried by unfavourable news from the Kingdom of Hungary, including the downfall of the powerful families there and the Hungarians’ readiness to submit to Turkish rule. The situation in Poland seems to him to be much better, as long as the old King lives. However, he is worried by news of Polish youths being sent off to study in Wittenberg, widespread trafficking in lay and religious offices, spreading hatred of the clergy, and favourable attitudes towards the Duke in Prussia and supporters of the Turks in Hungary. All this is leading to the Christian Republic’s doom. Polish diplomatic efforts in France and Italy, of which De Schepper has been informed from Rome, seem silly because he knows well how fickle the French and the Italians are.

He repeats (enigmatically) rumours of Bona’s efforts to regain her Italian income.

He thinks the proposal to call the Royal Prussian Estates to the Polish Crown [with the aim of incorporating Prussia], as presented to the King [Sigismund I] at the assembly, is harmful and introduces discord in the country. On the other hand, he favours the idea of Prussia supporting the Crown in the defence against the Turks.

Regarding the information from Dantiscus about newly appointed bishops, De Schepper writes that of the people listed, the only one of whom he has heard is the late [Primate of Poland, Piotr] Gamrat, whom he initially took for an Italian on the basis of his name (Gamaratini) and his being a protégé of the Queen [Bona]. He writes very unfavourably about him while extolling (based on Dantiscus’ description) the current Bishop of Cracow, Samuel [Maciejowski].

He comments on the news Dantiscus sent him about the situation in Hungary. Ferenc Bebek and Brother George [Utješenović], who are fighting a civil war with each other, are known to him and he considers them to be devious criminals. He recalls the well-founded concern about Brother George once felt by King John [Zápolya]. He notes the difficult position of Isabella Jagiellon.

De Schepper discusses the political consequences of the death of the Duke of Orléans [Charles II of Valois]. His birth gave the French hope that he would rule Hungary and destroy the Turkish Empire. De Schepper had also been told this by the Bishop of Tarbes [Antoine de Castelnau]. However, the Duke of Orléans’ achievements were limited to supporting the Lutherans and seizing part of the Duchy of Luxembourg for a short time. De Schepper guesses that when he wrote of certain plans that the Duke of Orléans’ death had destroyed, Dantiscus meant his intention of marrying the widow [Isabella Jagiellon] of King John [Zápolya] and obtaining Hungary from the Turks as a fiefdom; since the Turks were allegedly supposed to hand over Buda to the son of King John (though this ultimately did not come to pass), this would have been an effective way of taking power in Hungary. Though the Poles had been told that he aspired to this in order to turn them against the Emperor, in fact he coveted the power over Italy or the Low Countries.

De Schepper notes that everyone who wants peace among Christians mourns the death of Queen Elisabeth [of Habsburg], as her marriage was a guarantee of friendship between Poland and the Kingdom of Bohemia and Hungary. He asks about the cause of Elisabeth’s death.

De Schepper explains that the source of his concern over the negotiations between the Polish Queen [Bona Sforza] and the King of France relates to the benefits which stand to be gained from these talks by the Protestants who are forming a league against the Emperor and the Roman King [Ferdinand Habsburg]. He questions the sense of Bona’s efforts to secure the hand of the French princess for her son, since the King of France is vying for the hand of the Emperor’s son for his daughter.

De Schepper describes the Emperor’s travels, the state of his health, and his meetings with the princes of the Reich (the Landgrave of Hesse [Philip I der Großmütige] and the Elector Palatine [Friedrich II of Wittelsbach]) on the eve of the Diet in Regensburg. He is counting on an agreement being reached and on a joint operation against the Turks.

The Duke in Prussia’s four-month stay in Germany does not bode well, in De Schepper’s view.

De Schepper presents different opinions on the imprisonment of the Duke of Braunschweig [Heinrich II]. Some blame the Protestants, others claim that Heinrich’s gullibility was his downfall, and others still accuse Moritz, Duke of Saxony.

De Schepper outlines the Emperor’s difficult position in Germany. He states that the Protestants are striving for civil war, disregarding both the supremacy of the rulers and the danger of an attack from France and the Turks.

De Schepper has no fresh news about Spanish affairs, Hernán Cortés, Philipp von Hutten or the others who travelled to America.

As requested, De Schepper lists those progeny of rulers who are as yet unmarried: still living is the Emperor’s grandson [Carlos of Asturias] born of Philip’s wife [Maria Manuela of Portugal] who died in 1545. After the death of Madeleine [of Valois], the King of France is left with one daughter, Margaret [of Valois]. Madeleine’s late husband, the King of Scotland [James V Stuart], had another daughter [Mary Stuart] by his second wife [Mary of Guise], and she will probably reign in Scotland after Edward [VI Tudor]. The Emperor has two daughters. The elder [Mary of Austria] is to marry King Ferdinand’s son, while the younger [Joanna of Austria] has been promised to the eldest son [João Manuel] of the Portuguese king [John III of Portugal]. The King of Portugal has two eligible daughters and one son. The Dauphin of France [Henry II of Valois] has a three-year-old son [Francis II of Valois] and a six-month-old daughter [Elisabeth of Valois].

Georg [of Austria], Bishop of Liège, was pleased to receive the letter from Dantiscus that De Schepper gave him after returning from England, and promised to provide a reply, but their contact was interrupted when De Schepper was sent on a mission to Zeeland in connection with rumours that French ships had arrived at Walcheren Island. De Schepper sends reciprocated greetings and best wishes from the Lord of Praet. He has not met any more of Dantiscus’ former companions from the imperial court.

[Francis van der] Dilft is in England and suffering from gout and a cold.

Like Dantiscus, De Schepper wrote the present letter in parts, during breaks between household and court duties. He extends greetings to Dantiscus’ brothers and sisters as well as his nephews.

De Schepper is overseeing the construction of the castle in Ghent. The building served as a Benedictine monastery for hundreds of years.

De Schepper sends news of Dantiscus’ acquaintances and friends: his former landlord in Ghent [Arendt Sturm], Michiel De Vriendt, the Lord of Schardauw, the Lord of Heule, Karel Utenhove, the abbot of St. Peter’s Monastery, Dantiscus’ servant Triest, Iacobus de Scorisse, Adolphus de Scornaco, and Levinus Panagathus [Algoet], and also Wolfgang Haller, the Duke of Aarschot [Philippe II de Croÿ], Antoon van Bergen, the Archbishop of Köln [Hermann von Wied] and the Cardinal of Mayence [Albrecht von Hohenzollern].

He describes the prosperity of the Duchy of Guelders, loyal to the Emperor, and the organisation of the army in the area. He informs Dantiscus that there is peace in the Duchy of Milan, which is governed on the Emperor’s behalf – after the death of the previous governor, the Margrave del Vasto [Alfonso d’Avalos] – by Ferrante Gonzaga.

De Schepper does not know what to expect from the Imperial Diet or the Council of Trent. It is said that several French bishops have made their way to Trent, and from the Low Countries the Bishops of Cambrai [Robert de Croÿ] and Tournai [Charles de Croÿ].

De Schepper has no news of Margrave Johann Albrecht [of Brandenburg-Ansbach]. As for Mariangelo Accursio, he has heard that he was at the imperial court as an envoy from l’Aquila and that he has started a family.

He moves on to replying to the postscript attached to Dantiscus’ letter. As requested, he recommended Dantiscus to Queen Mary and read her excerpts from his letter.

He states that the abuses (insolentia) of Spanish soldiers are well-known everywhere, but this is normal for troops and nothing can be done about it.

He has learned from Gerard Veltwijck that the Turkish expedition against Georg Utješenović’s supporters (Georgiani) has been postponed and that the Sultan [Suleiman] seems to be striving for peace. The Sultan has concluded a one-year truce [with the Emperor] because Veltwijck did not consent to a longer one.

De Schepper is surprised that the young Polish king is striving to take over the annates. Perhaps he was encouraged by the example of the King of France, but the Pope will not let his income be taken from him. De Schepper sees this kind of idea as dangerous.

De Schepper has not yet met with Count [Maximiliaan van Egmond]-Buren; he has only sent him a letter. He hopes to speak with him in person soon. He confirms receipt of the booklet by Archinto together with the items placed inside, and sends thanks on behalf of his wife, children and cousin. He is not sure if the appearance of the piece of silver conforms to that of the original silver coins for which Christ was betrayed. He asks Dantiscus to explain the matter. When he has a free moment he will compare the coin’s weight with that of other specimens.

De Schepper praises the lamentations (naeniae,) written by Dantiscus in German, as combining scholarly knowledge with the spirit of Christian piety and being quite different from specimens of this type of work written by the renegade clergy who have taken refuge with Albrecht, Duke in Prussia. He disagrees only with Dantiscus questioning the loyalty of the people of Guelders to the Emperor. De Schepper surmises that this deeply unfair opinion is based on a single example of an ex-priest who fled Guelders for Ducal Prussia.

De Schepper mentions that he has not received Piotr Gamrat’s encomium from Gdańsk. He asks to be sent this piece, as he is curious to know some details about the deceased archbishop, whom he compares to Sardanapalus.

De Schepper calms Dantiscus’ anxiety at news of the Emperor’s sickness – it was only a mild attack of gout.

De Schepper justifies his delayed reply to Dantiscus’ letter with the fact that after returning from England he journeyed across the Low Countries. He found Queen Mary in Binche, which had been given to her by the Emperor together with adjacent lands. The Queen has built a fortified residence and intends to spend the rest of her life there. Being situated in the [borderland] Hainaut province, Binche was not fortified earlier, making it an easy target for French attacks during the last war, to the extent that it was suggested that the residents should transfer the relics of St. Ursmar elsewhere – something which, however, they refused to do. Today in the Low Countries people are waiting for news from the Diet of Regensburg, where it is said that few princes are to be present.

De Schepper describes the terms of the peace concluded recently between England and France, though these have not been officially announced. Boulogne-sur-Mer is to remain in the possession of England for eight years. After that the King of France may buy it back for 2,000,000 crowns, in the meantime paying England a tribute and calling upon Scotland for peace. The King of England has sent a cardinal to France to substitute for him as godfather to the King’s granddaughter [Elizabeth of Valois]. However, from the fact that the King of England continues to fortify Boulogne-sur-Mer and is building new strongholds in its vicinity, De Schepper concludes that he does not intend to return this territory. De Schepper describes a duel that took place in France between two Spaniards, one serving the King of England, the other serving the King of France. He reports that Queen Mary has built the fortified town of Mariembourg in Hainaut, right on the border with France and opposite a French stronghold.

received 1547-01-08

Manuscript sources:

1	fair copy in Latin, autograph, UUB, H. 155, f. 119-137
2	copy in Latin, 18th-century, LSB, BR 19, No. 64
3	register with excerpt in Latin, Polish, 20th-century, B. PAU-PAN, 8244 (TK 6), a. 1546, f. 34-51
4	register with excerpt in Latin, English, 20th-century, CBKUL, R.III, 30, No. 163

Prints:

1	POCIECHA 1960 p. 75-76, 83 (excerpt)
2	DE VOCHT 1961 No. DE, 471, p. 281 (reference)
3	DE VOCHT 1961 No. DE, 471, p. 388-396 (English register; excerpt)
4	CEID 2/2 (Letter No. 85) p. 516-575 (in extenso; English register)

Text & apparatus & commentary Plain text Text & commentary Text & apparatus

UUB, H. 155, f. 137v

Reverendissimo et excellentissimo Praesuli orig. Presuli⌈PraesuliPraesuli orig. Presuli⌉ et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ episcopo Varmiensi Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiaePrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋ primati etc., domino et patri ex animo honorandissimo et observandissimo

UUB, H. 155, f. 119r

Reverendissime et excellentissime praesul orig. presul⌈praesulpraesul orig. presul⌉, domine et pater ex animo honorandissime et observandissime.

Salutem.

Facies written over m⌈mss written over m⌉ temporum talis fuit, qualem eam depinxi, atque utinam non et haec tempora novam nobis invehant, ita sese disponere praeparareque orig. preparareque⌈praepararequepraeparareque orig. preparareque⌉ videntur. Sed quid facias? Ferenda nobis sunt omnia. Orange (Orangia, Arausiacum, Principality of Orange), duchy in southern France⌊AuraicaeOrange (Orangia, Arausiacum, Principality of Orange), duchy in southern France⌋ princeps René de Châlon (Renatus of Châlon) (*1518 – †1544), 1536-1544 prince of Orange; count of Nassau, stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, and Guelders; son of Hendrik III of Nassau-Breda (CE, vol. 1, p. 291)⌊RenatusRené de Châlon (Renatus of Châlon) (*1518 – †1544), 1536-1544 prince of Orange; count of Nassau, stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, and Guelders; son of Hendrik III of Nassau-Breda (CE, vol. 1, p. 291)⌋,[5] Godschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌊GodtschalcusGodschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌋,[6] Cornelis van Zegherscapelle stepbrother of Elisabeth Donche (wife of Cornelis De Schepper)⌊ZegherscappeleCornelis van Zegherscapelle stepbrother of Elisabeth Donche (wife of Cornelis De Schepper)⌋[7] ceterique orig. caeterique⌈ceteriqueceterique orig. caeterique⌉ honesta de se relicta memoria fecere viam nobis secuturis orig. sequuturis⌈secuturissecuturis orig. sequuturis⌉. cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Harderwijk, 1545-07-17, CIDTC IDL 2846;
Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS London, 1546-03-24, CIDTC IDL 2940⌊Matthias Laurijn son of Elisabeth Donche and her first husband Pieter Laurijn (1489-1522), stepson of Cornelis De Schepper⌊Matthiam LaurinumMatthias Laurijn son of Elisabeth Donche and her first husband Pieter Laurijn (1489-1522), stepson of Cornelis De Schepper⌋ privignum meum, qui Constantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌊Byzantii orig. Bizantii⌈ByzantiiByzantii orig. Bizantii⌉Constantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌋ a domino Gerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌊Gherardo VeltwyckGerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌋ oratore et secretario caesareo aegrotus orig. egrotus⌈aegrotusaegrotus orig. egrotus⌉ relictus fueratcf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Harderwijk, 1545-07-17, CIDTC IDL 2846;
Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS London, 1546-03-24, CIDTC IDL 2940⌋, quo die Brussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌊BruxellamBrussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌋ ex England⌊AngliaEngland⌋ reversus sum, eo et ipsum reversum inveni magna mea Elisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌊eiusque matrisElisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌋ cum laetitia.

Ceterum, quia scire desideras orig. desyderas⌈desiderasdesideras orig. desyderas⌉, quisnam hic sit Gerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌊GerardusGerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌋, paucis accipe. Vir est staturae procerae, bene compaginato corpore, natus in oppido Ravenstein, town in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 15 km W of Nijmegen, from the 14th to the 17th century it was a part of the Land (domain) of Ravenstein, a fief of Brabant under the rule of the house of Cleves, todaz in the Netherlands, part of the commune of Oss, North Brabarnt Province⌊Ravestain ad MosamRavenstein, town in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 15 km W of Nijmegen, from the 14th to the 17th century it was a part of the Land (domain) of Ravenstein, a fief of Brabant under the rule of the house of Cleves, todaz in the Netherlands, part of the commune of Oss, North Brabarnt Province⌋ iuris Brabantici.[8] Principio Gerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌊puerGerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌋ operam dedit litteris Leuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌊LovaniiLeuven (Louvain, Lovanium), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, 25 km E of Brussels, University town from 1425, today in Belgium⌋ profecitque tum in Graecis orig. Grecis⌈GraecisGraecis orig. Grecis⌉ et Latinis, tum vero etiam in Hebraicis, philosophiam ceterasque artes sectatus sese in France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊GalliamFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ posteaque in Italy (Italia)⌊ItaliamItaly (Italia)⌋ contulit, ubi et medicinae, et theologiae egregiam operam impendit[9] usque ad plurimorum admirationem. Usus est non multo post familiaritate Georges de Selve (*1508 – †1541), he is one of the figures in the painting "The Ambassadors" by Hans Holbein the Younger ; 1529-1540 Bishop of Lavaur, ambassador of Francis I, sent to Austria in April 1540⌊episcopi VahurensisGeorges de Selve (*1508 – †1541), he is one of the figures in the painting "The Ambassadors" by Hans Holbein the Younger ; 1529-1540 Bishop of Lavaur, ambassador of Francis I, sent to Austria in April 1540⌋ Galli, qui apud Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaream maiestatemCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ legatione UUB, H. 155, f. 119v Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊regisFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ sui[10] fungebatur anno abhinc sexto,[11] viri studiosi et cumprimis pii, cum quo theologica studia conferebat maiore ex parte ex Hebraicis[12] fontibus.

Est autem econtra, quod plurimum gaudeam, reverendissimum scilicet dominum Filippo Archinto (*1495 – †1558), theologian and diplomat, protector of Ignatius Loyola; 1536 Vicar General of Rome; 1539 Bishop of the Holy Sepulchre; 1546 Bishop of Saluzzo; 1556 Archbishop of Milan, 1553 papal legate in Venice⌊Philippum ArchintumFilippo Archinto (*1495 – †1558), theologian and diplomat, protector of Ignatius Loyola; 1536 Vicar General of Rome; 1539 Bishop of the Holy Sepulchre; 1546 Bishop of Saluzzo; 1556 Archbishop of Milan, 1553 papal legate in Venice⌋ eo provectum esse theologicae eruditionis, ut ex sese possit huiusmodi edere libellos, quales ad te missos ex Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊urbeRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋ cf. Philippo Archinto, Christiana de fide et sacramentis contra haereticorum id temporis errores explanatio. Accessit praeterea edictum Caroli V. Caesaris cum Articulis quibus docetur fidei et religionis Christianae vera observantia. Apud Hyeronimum Vietorem anno M D XLV, Kraków, Hieronymus Vietor, 1545 , Printing patronized by Dantiscus⌊rursum typis Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋ excudendoscf. Philippo Archinto, Christiana de fide et sacramentis contra haereticorum id temporis errores explanatio. Accessit praeterea edictum Caroli V. Caesaris cum Articulis quibus docetur fidei et religionis Christianae vera observantia. Apud Hyeronimum Vietorem anno M D XLV, Kraków, Hieronymus Vietor, 1545 , Printing patronized by Dantiscus⌋ curasti. Mirum enim in modum satisfaciunt palato theologorum nostrorum complectunturque certam quasi methodum eorum, quibus maxime opus habemus Christiani. Filippo Archinto (*1495 – †1558), theologian and diplomat, protector of Ignatius Loyola; 1536 Vicar General of Rome; 1539 Bishop of the Holy Sepulchre; 1546 Bishop of Saluzzo; 1556 Archbishop of Milan, 1553 papal legate in Venice⌊VirumFilippo Archinto (*1495 – †1558), theologian and diplomat, protector of Ignatius Loyola; 1536 Vicar General of Rome; 1539 Bishop of the Holy Sepulchre; 1546 Bishop of Saluzzo; 1556 Archbishop of Milan, 1553 papal legate in Venice⌋ illum mihi postea Milan (Mediolanum, Milano), city in northern Italy⌊MediolaniMilan (Mediolanum, Milano), city in northern Italy⌋, novissime vero Nice (Nizza, Nicaea), town and port on the southeastern coast of France, between Marseille and Genoa, from 1388 belonging to the counts and subsequently (from the 15th century) to the dukes of Savoy⌊NiceaeNice (Nizza, Nicaea), town and port on the southeastern coast of France, between Marseille and Genoa, from 1388 belonging to the counts and subsequently (from the 15th century) to the dukes of Savoy⌋, Gallia Narbonensis (Narbonese Gaul, Transalpine Gaul, Gallia Transalpina, Provincia), province Roman province in southern France, covering the current regions of Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, and Rhône-Alpes⌊provinciae NarbonensisGallia Narbonensis (Narbonese Gaul, Transalpine Gaul, Gallia Transalpina, Provincia), province Roman province in southern France, covering the current regions of Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, and Rhône-Alpes⌋ oppido, cum hoc sanctissimo domino nostro Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌊Paulo pontificePaul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌋ videre datum est sumque utrobique veteris consuetudinis memoria ab eo amice Mediolani etiam in ipsius aedibus hospitaliter habitus.[26] Quare felices orig. foelices⌈felicesfelices orig. foelices⌉ Filippo Archinto (*1495 – †1558), theologian and diplomat, protector of Ignatius Loyola; 1536 Vicar General of Rome; 1539 Bishop of the Holy Sepulchre; 1546 Bishop of Saluzzo; 1556 Archbishop of Milan, 1553 papal legate in Venice⌊illiFilippo Archinto (*1495 – †1558), theologian and diplomat, protector of Ignatius Loyola; 1536 Vicar General of Rome; 1539 Bishop of the Holy Sepulchre; 1546 Bishop of Saluzzo; 1556 Archbishop of Milan, 1553 papal legate in Venice⌋ successus apprecor, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ praestare aliud queam nihil tam magna terrarum ab eo seiunctus intercapedine. Dabo tamen operam argumento alicui assequendo, cuius praetextu orig. pretextu⌈praetextupraetextu orig. pretextu⌉ ad eum scribere eiusque promotioni gratulari queam. Idque eo sum facturus libentius, quod scribis nepoti tuo praestitisse boni viri officium in persequendo Alexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌊Alexandro SculthetoAlexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌋ quondam ecclesiae tuae canonico, quem mihi videris habere de eorum numero, adversum quos Jan Łaski (Ioannes de Lasco) (*1456 – †1531), 1503-1513 Grand Chancellor of the Kingdom of Poland, 1510-1531 Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland (PSB 18, p. 229-237 ; TAFIŁOWSKI 2007)⌊Ioannes quondam a LaskoJan Łaski (Ioannes de Lasco) (*1456 – †1531), 1503-1513 Grand Chancellor of the Kingdom of Poland, 1510-1531 Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland (PSB 18, p. 229-237 ; TAFIŁOWSKI 2007)⌋ Gneznensis archiepiscopus, dum in concilio Lateranensi[27] Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊Polonici regniPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ ageret oratorem, diploma orig. dyploma⌈diplomadiploma orig. dyploma⌉ impetravit pontificium, uti et contra eos, qui postpositis senioribus et seriis auctoribus orig. authoribus⌈auctoribusauctoribus orig. authoribus⌉ totos sese dederent lectioni cf. Decimus Iunius Iuuenalis, Saturae ⌊Iuvenaliumcf. Decimus Iunius Iuuenalis, Saturae ⌋ et cf. Marcus Valerius Martialis, Epigrammata Spectacula ⌊Martialiumcf. Marcus Valerius Martialis, Epigrammata Spectacula ⌋. Atque utinam solus sit ille vester Alexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌊Alexander ScultetiAlexander Sculteti (Scholtcze) (*ca. 1485 – †1570), doctor of canon law, cartographer, historian and friend of Copernicus; accused by Dantiscus and Stanisław Hozjusz (Hosius) of Sacramentarian heresy, in 1540 banished by King Sigismund I Jagiellon; in 1541 imprisoned by the Inquisition in Rome; after release from prison in 1544 he stayed in Rome for the rest of his life; 1509-1516 notary at the Roman Curia; 1519-1541 Canon of Ermland (Warmia), 1530-1539 Chancellor of the Ermland Chapter; 1536-1538 administrator of the komornictwo of Mehlsack (Melzak, today Pieniężno) (KOPICZKO 2, p. 299; SBKW, p. 219-220)⌋ hoc aspersus luto et non potius ediderit The Łascy (a Lasko), prominent Polish noble family⌊Laskonum domusThe Łascy (a Lasko), prominent Polish noble family⌋ similes foetus, quorum lacte pascantur probably inhabitants of West Frisia ⌊Frisiiprobably inhabitants of West Frisia ⌋ The Chauci (Cauchi), German tribe living between Ems and Elbe; term used to indicate the inhabitants of East Frisia, and sometimes also the inhabitants of the province of Groningen⌊CauchiThe Chauci (Cauchi), German tribe living between Ems and Elbe; term used to indicate the inhabitants of East Frisia, and sometimes also the inhabitants of the province of Groningen⌋que vicini nostri et, quod vereor, nonnulli etiam ex nostratibus. Qui tamen, si in lucem prodeant, impune laturi non sunt impietatem.

cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS London, 1545-09-01, CIDTC IDL 2863⌊Illustri domino Maximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌊Maximiliano ab EgmondaMaximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌋ comiti a Buren valetudo in integrum restituta estcf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS London, 1545-09-01, CIDTC IDL 2863⌋. Maximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌊EiusMaximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌋ adventum in aulam nostram[28] exspecto, nam apud inhabitants of West Frisia ⌊Frisiosinhabitants of West Frisia ⌋ agit. Fama aliquamdiu fuit Maximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌊illumMaximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌋ pro Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌊Angliae regeHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌋ nonnullas conscribere peditum cohortes, sed ea evanuit The English (Angli) ⌊AnglisThe English (Angli) ⌋ The French ⌊FrancisThe French ⌋que, contra quam sperabatur, in pacem inclinantibus, quam propediem futuram esse aiunt oratoribus, qui de ea agant, ultro citroque missis et defervescente UUB, H. 155, f. 121v animorum[29] aestu. De quo aliquando latius.

Amicis, qui adhuc supersunt, nominatim vero domino Claude Bouton (*1473 or 1474 – †1556), Lord of Corbaron; poet and diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; member of the Council of State under Charles V, Captain of the Guard and Master of the Household to Phillip, Emperor Maximilian's son, and later to Ferdinand of Austria (BRANDI Kaiser, p. 33; MARY 1967, p. 407)⌊Claudio BoutonClaude Bouton (*1473 or 1474 – †1556), Lord of Corbaron; poet and diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; member of the Council of State under Charles V, Captain of the Guard and Master of the Household to Phillip, Emperor Maximilian's son, and later to Ferdinand of Austria (BRANDI Kaiser, p. 33; MARY 1967, p. 407)⌋ domino de Corberon, town in the County of Burgundy (Franche-Comté), next to Beaune, today in France⌊CorbaronCorberon, town in the County of Burgundy (Franche-Comté), next to Beaune, today in France⌋, domino Hendrik IV Corsselaar van Witthem (†1554)⌊Henrico de WithemHendrik IV Corsselaar van Witthem (†1554)⌋ domino de Bersele, Petrus Clericus (Peter Leclerc), Antwerp poet, close friend of Ioannes Secundus, in February 1530 stayed with Dantiscus during the celebrations surrounding the coronation of Charles V in Bologna (MARTYN 1979, p. 248; MURGATROYD 2000, p. 4; GUÉPIN)⌊Petro ClericoPetrus Clericus (Peter Leclerc), Antwerp poet, close friend of Ioannes Secundus, in February 1530 stayed with Dantiscus during the celebrations surrounding the coronation of Charles V in Bologna (MARTYN 1979, p. 248; MURGATROYD 2000, p. 4; GUÉPIN)⌋[30] nunnullisque aliis non inferioris notae, utpote Pierre de Boissot (†1564), Brabant nobleman; ?-1546 receiver of the domains of the district of Mechelen; 1546 finance commissioner; 1554-1564 treasurer general of the Habsburg Netherlands; 1555 treasurer of the Order of the Golden Fleece (SCHEPPER 1996, p. 48)⌊Petro BoysotPierre de Boissot (†1564), Brabant nobleman; ?-1546 receiver of the domains of the district of Mechelen; 1546 finance commissioner; 1554-1564 treasurer general of the Habsburg Netherlands; 1555 treasurer of the Order of the Golden Fleece (SCHEPPER 1996, p. 48)⌋ tunc controlatori[31] et marschalco sive praefecto orig. prefecto⌈praefectopraefecto orig. prefecto⌉ hospitiorum, Jean III de Trazegnies (*ca. 1470 – †1549 or 1550), accompanied Eleanor of Austria to Portugal in 1519; according to other sources he was also sent to Portugal to marry Isabella of Portugal on behalf of Charles V; Lord of Trazegnies and Silly, Count of Autreppes; councillor and Grand Chamberlain of Charles V; Captain General of the land and county of Hainaut; Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (VERRIEST; DE VOCHT 1953, p. 379-382)⌊CilyJean III de Trazegnies (*ca. 1470 – †1549 or 1550), accompanied Eleanor of Austria to Portugal in 1519; according to other sources he was also sent to Portugal to marry Isabella of Portugal on behalf of Charles V; Lord of Trazegnies and Silly, Count of Autreppes; councillor and Grand Chamberlain of Charles V; Captain General of the land and county of Hainaut; Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (VERRIEST; DE VOCHT 1953, p. 379-382)⌋, Ioannes a Loven ⌊Ioanni a LovenIoannes a Loven ⌋ metatori nonnullisque aliis, quod adhuc superesses, recensui. Qui summopere sese gaudere testati sunt, te salutant et felicia orig. foelicia⌈feliciafelicia orig. foelicia⌉ apprecantur omnia.

Quod The Low Countries (Netherlands), region around the delta of the Rhine, Schelde (Scheldt), and Meuse rivers, includes modern Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and parts of northern France and western Germany⌊regionibus nostrisThe Low Countries (Netherlands), region around the delta of the Rhine, Schelde (Scheldt), and Meuse rivers, includes modern Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and parts of northern France and western Germany⌋ altam gratularis pacem, amice facis, sunt enim pacis magis quam ullius alterius rei egentes tot bellis non tam concussae quam afflictae. Verum quominus existimem pacem hanc diuturnam fore, faciunt ingenia vicinorum, qui written over ae⌈aeii written over ae⌉ cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ munditiem orig. mundiciem⌈munditiemmunditiem orig. mundiciem⌉ nostram intuentur, omnia hic aurea putant invidentque tali, quali nostrae, mediocritati eamque subversam cupiunt, praesertim orig. presertim⌈praesertimpraesertim orig. presertim⌉ The French ⌊qui nobis ad meridiem adiacentThe French ⌋. Quibuscum forte pax aliquamdiu fixa erit, pacis autem fiducia nulla neque enim tam hebetes sumus, quin persuasissimum habeamus, si quae in nos sese nubes alicunde exoneraverit, illos neutiquam defuturos in nostram perniciem. Quare solliciti sumus, ut – quoad poss<i>mus – hanc nobis patriam adversum illorum et potentiam et insidias tueamur. Quod Deo gratia factu quam prius facilius est, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ Rhine (Rhein, Rhenus), river in central Europe, flowing through Switzerland, Germany (partially as a border with France) and the Netherlands, into the North Sea⌊RheniRhine (Rhein, Rhenus), river in central Europe, flowing through Switzerland, Germany (partially as a border with France) and the Netherlands, into the North Sea⌋ ostia orig. hostia⌈ostiaostia orig. hostia⌉[32] nostra sint in potestate habeamusque subditam nobis Duchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌊regionemDuchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌋,[33] unde veluti ex equo Troiano prodire solebant, quos in nostrum exitium The French ⌊FrancorumThe French ⌋ rabies, quoties pecunia subministrabatur, armabat.[34]

Reliqua harum ditionum confinia, utpote in Duchy of Luxembourg, duchy in the Low Countries, part of the Habsburg Netherlands⌊Luxemburgensi ducatuDuchy of Luxembourg, duchy in the Low Countries, part of the Habsburg Netherlands⌋ inque Hainaut (Hannonia, County of Hainaut), county in the Low Countries, from 1482 under Habsburg rule. Its territory corresponds with the Belgian province of Hainaut, and part of the French Département du Nord⌊HannoniaHainaut (Hannonia, County of Hainaut), county in the Low Countries, from 1482 under Habsburg rule. Its territory corresponds with the Belgian province of Hainaut, and part of the French Département du Nord⌋,[35] uti magnis munitionibus atque operibus confirmaremus, magnae nos calamitates a written over ...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉aa written over ...⌉b hostibus acceptae edocuerunt. Etenim superiori orig. superiore⌈superiorisuperiori orig. superiore⌉ bello, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ semimunita oppida facile occupassent eaque summa vi munivissent, incredibile dictu, quantum nobis damnorum intulere. Enimvero postquam ea ipsa partim vi partim deditione longo bello recuperavimus, longe cariora orig. chariora⌈carioracariora orig. chariora⌉ nobis esse coepere orig. cepere⌈coeperecoepere orig. cepere⌉, et erunt, uti spero, in posterum. Alioqui et militarem disciplinam Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ apud nos restauravit ex perdita deplorataque, ut qui ad alienas vires confugere soliti eramus, nunc quoties ad domesticas respicimus, facile alienis carere possimus, forte nonnumquam illis futuri formidolosi, qui nos hactenus despexere, adeo brevi UUB, H. 155, f. 122r coaluit[36] iuventus nostra et armis et animis.

Neque profecto miror flagrantibus bellis praedictis orig. predictis⌈praedictispraedictis orig. predictis⌉ horrenda ad vos de nobis esse perlata ab hostibus religionis nostrae nostrisque, atque ea plerumque nobis adversa, nam id potissimum optabatur a quamplurimis, ut etiam in ripa Rhine (Rhein, Rhenus), river in central Europe, flowing through Switzerland, Germany (partially as a border with France) and the Netherlands, into the North Sea⌊RheniRhine (Rhein, Rhenus), river in central Europe, flowing through Switzerland, Germany (partially as a border with France) and the Netherlands, into the North Sea⌋ inque superiori orig. superiore⌈superiorisuperiori orig. superiore⌉ Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniaGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋[37] sese plerique in nostrum devoverent exitium somniarentque universam regionem nostram sibi praedae futuram illamque iam inter sese partirentur. Insani, qui nescirent alibi quoque manus esse et de nostro quoque vulnere sanguinem sequi. Horum plerosque tunc nobis infensissimos nunc supplices habemus et obnoxios fruimurque et ipsi tandem hac ipsa voluptate, quod illorum perniciosissimos conatus Deus in ipsos retorserit.

Quin et acephali illi Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniaeGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋ principes, qui se protestantes vocant, ne non ubique aliquid posse videantur sive ut maiores sibi vires adversus Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊CarolumCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊FerdinandumFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋que caesares compararent, suos quoque oratores, qui se statuum imperii nomine venditant, ad Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊utrumque regemHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ misere, inque iis rhetores Johannes Sturm (Jean Sturm, Ioannes Sturmius) (*1507 – †1589), German humanist and educator. He undertook diplomatic missions on behalf of Strasbourg, the German Protestants, and the King of France⌊Ioannem SturmiumJohannes Sturm (Jean Sturm, Ioannes Sturmius) (*1507 – †1589), German humanist and educator. He undertook diplomatic missions on behalf of Strasbourg, the German Protestants, and the King of France⌋ et Johannes Sleidanus (*1506 – †1556), German humanist, jurist, diplomat and historian of the Reformation⌊Ioannem SleydanumJohannes Sleidanus (*1506 – †1556), German humanist, jurist, diplomat and historian of the Reformation⌋ partium ad pacem exhortandarum tum ad foedus secum ineundum ergo, sed ii hactenus mihi visi sunt parum profecisse. Quid in futurum sint impetraturi, haud satis scio. Me sane, licet ipsis et studiis et alioqui consuetudine notum, neque alloqui neque salutare dignati sunt, conscientia nempe mali propositi deterriti atque uti lucifugae solem declinantes, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ ego me ultra obiecerim subinde illis in itinere, si vel sic ad salutandum pellicere possem. Quod cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ frustra esse viderem, non dissimulavi publice asseverare pudere i written over e⌈eii written over e⌉llos datae sibi commissionis et principes, si saperent, praesertim vero reges, suspectos written over um⌈umosos written over um⌉ habere debere conatus subditorum, qui ipsis insciis et forte in illorum praeiudicium attentarentur, quae nunc adversus Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaris maiestatemCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ fierent per illos, similia per The English (Angli) ⌊AnglosThe English (Angli) ⌋ adversus Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌊r written over ...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉rr written over ...⌉egemHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌋ quoque suum fieri posse. Metuendum exemplum, quod viam sterneret ad inoboedientiam orig. inobedientiam⌈inoboedientiaminoboedientiam orig. inobedientiam⌉, seditionem et rebellionem. Ab iis et similibus dicendis saepe non abstinui credoque permovisse eos, in quibus aliqua scintilla est iudicii, ut minus illis tribuerint. Sed ipsi viderint.

Vitae meae rationem quod laudas, precipue orig. praecipue⌈precipueprecipue orig. praecipue⌉ vero quod vitae genus privatum quoddam in aula serenissimae Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊reginae MariaeMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋ instituisse videor, magna me afficis voluptate. Et sunt, uti dicis, curae domesticae aliquando written over ...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉dodo written over ...⌉ toleratu faciliores quam aulicae atque magnorum principum externae. Sed nondum res meae eo sunt loco, ut privatum vitae genus amplexus fuisse mihi persuadeam. Ita enim in eo versor, ut nulla sit hora, qua non oporteat me paratum esse UUB, H. 155, f. 123r ad facienda[41] imperata sive terra sive mari proficiscendum, sive res pacis sive belli tractandae, plerumque vero imponuntur humeris meis periculosa, quae nemo libenter amplexetur. Nam si quae alia sunt, unde commodi oriundi spes ulla est, facile sufficiuntur, qui haec obeant. Quod in nullius odium invidiamque dictum velim accipias, ab iis enim viciis Dei clementia orig. claementia⌈clementiaclementia orig. claementia⌉ me alienum fecit reddiditque sorte contentum, quae mihi cum vicinis communis est vindicatque orig. vendicatque⌈vindicatquevindicatque orig. vendicatque⌉ a contemptu et miseria plus certe elargita, quam optare aliquando potuissem. Minores tamen mei nunc sunt corporis labores quam prius, quod peregre diu versatus opinionem meis de me praebuerim domi quoque posse utilem civem esse.[42] In qua enitar, ut me contineam, nihilo segnior futurus, si quis alibi usus mei esse poterit ad Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊ChristiJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋ gloriam fideique nostrae orthodoxae incrementum – qui scopus est universarum actionum Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ et noster, siquidem Christianissimi principis vestigiis inhaerere orig. inherere⌈inhaerereinhaerere orig. inherere⌉ (quod spero) determinavimus, utcumque cadat res.

Redibo nunc ad cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545 December or 1546 January, CIDTC IDL 6698, letter lost⌊epistolam tuamcf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545 December or 1546 January, CIDTC IDL 6698, letter lost⌋, qua me admones, uti perpendam me ex Catharina Laurijn (†1556), the youngest child of Elisabeth Donche and Pieter Laurijn, wife of Johann le Gros, alderman of the Brugse Vrije (Franc of Bruges) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 316)⌊privignaCatharina Laurijn (†1556), the youngest child of Elisabeth Donche and Pieter Laurijn, wife of Johann le Gros, alderman of the Brugse Vrije (Franc of Bruges) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 316)⌋ avum effectum[49] praeter matheseos meae[50] voluntatem, quae celeriorem vitae exitum portendebat eumque inter laetos convivarum strepitus, proindeque valere iubeam Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi (Albumasar) (*787 – †886), a Persian philosopher, astronomer and astrologer, author of, among others, Flores Astrologiae (ed. 1488, 1495, 1500), De magnis coniunctionibus, annorum revolutionibus, ac eorum profectionibus, octo continens tractatus (ed. 1489), and Introductorium maius in astrologiam.⌊AlbumazaremAbu Ma'shar al-Balkhi (Albumasar) (*787 – †886), a Persian philosopher, astronomer and astrologer, author of, among others, Flores Astrologiae (ed. 1488, 1495, 1500), De magnis coniunctionibus, annorum revolutionibus, ac eorum profectionibus, octo continens tractatus (ed. 1489), and Introductorium maius in astrologiam.⌋ ceterosque id genus scriptores, scireque desideras orig. desyderas⌈desiderasdesideras orig. desyderas⌉, an a talibus calculis, quibus subinde occupari solebam, d written over ...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉dd written over ...⌉esierim. Qua in re hoc habe, mi pater, ab initio aetatis meae natura me ab hoc genere studiorum abhorruisse neque in illud prius nomen dedisse, quam unius atque alterius procax exprobratio iuveni mihi calcar addidisset ad ea perscrutanda, quorum scientia tum illi peste venditabant. Quae postquam vana futiliaque deprehendi, libellos ab illis editos refellere in animum induxi cf. Cornelis De Schepper, Assertionis fidei adversus astrologos Sive De significationibus coniunctionum superiorum planetarum anni Millesimi Quingentesimi Vicesimi quarti, Ad Reuerendissimu(m) Cardinale(m) D(ominum) Erhardum a Marka, Archiepiscopum Vale(n)tinum, Episcopu(m) Leodiensem Ducem Bulionium Comitemq(ue) Lossensem, Cornelio Sceppero Neoportuensi Philosopho authore Libri sex, Antwerp, Franciscus Byrckmann, 1523-05-16 ⌊hoc ipso factocf. Cornelis De Schepper, Assertionis fidei adversus astrologos Sive De significationibus coniunctionum superiorum planetarum anni Millesimi Quingentesimi Vicesimi quarti, Ad Reuerendissimu(m) Cardinale(m) D(ominum) Erhardum a Marka, Archiepiscopum Vale(n)tinum, Episcopu(m) Leodiensem Ducem Bulionium Comitemq(ue) Lossensem, Cornelio Sceppero Neoportuensi Philosopho authore Libri sex, Antwerp, Franciscus Byrckmann, 1523-05-16 ⌋ satur futurus progressurusque ad meliora studia, nisi me genus aliud vitae, quod sum sectatus, in transversum a litteris abripuisset.[51] Secuta orig. Sequuta⌈SecutaSecuta orig. Sequuta⌉ est mea in Spain (Hispania)⌊HispaniasSpain (Hispania)⌋ peregrinatio,[52] ubi probably Mercurino Arborio di Gattinara (*1465 – †1530), humanist, jurist, trusted and influential advisor to Charles V; 1501 entered the service of the Habsburgs as legal counsel to Duchess Margaret of Austria, 1504 advisor and President of the Privy Council of Margaret of Austria, after the governoship of the Netherlands was entrusted to her, 1518 Grand Chancellor of Castile and later of Charles V as Roman Emperor, 1529 Cardinal of St. Giovanni a Porta Latina (after the death of his wife, Andreetta Avogadro) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 12; CE, vol. 2, p. 76-80)⌊Iovi nostroprobably Mercurino Arborio di Gattinara (*1465 – †1530), humanist, jurist, trusted and influential advisor to Charles V; 1501 entered the service of the Habsburgs as legal counsel to Duchess Margaret of Austria, 1504 advisor and President of the Privy Council of Margaret of Austria, after the governoship of the Netherlands was entrusted to her, 1518 Grand Chancellor of Castile and later of Charles V as Roman Emperor, 1529 Cardinal of St. Giovanni a Porta Latina (after the death of his wife, Andreetta Avogadro) (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 12; CE, vol. 2, p. 76-80)⌋[53] quibusvis erat modis complacendum nec erat UUB, H. 155, f. 124v in ea condicione orig. conditione⌈condicionecondicione orig. conditione⌉[54] temporum aliud, quod libentius ille amplectebatur, uti nosti, et nihil non mihi praestandum orig. prestandum⌈praestandumpraestandum orig. prestandum⌉ erat nullaque non subeunda ignominia, quo afflictis rebus principum, quibus tunc inserviebam, pro mea exiguitate opitularer. Coactus sum itaque ingenuum illum animum meum honestiorumque studiorum amantem eo vilitatis demittere atque in eo veluti plaustro consenescere, donec sublato, cuius gratia haec fiebant, auctore orig. autore⌈auctoreauctore orig. autore⌉ usus mei aliis in rebus esse coepit orig. cepit⌈coepitcoepit orig. cepit⌉. Quod simulatque obtigit, avidissime a me abieci calculos omnes dedidicique, quod prius non parvis laboribus mihi paraveram et dedidicisse gaudeo adeo, ut vix elementa artis nunc memoria teneam Deo Omnipotenti curam rerum mearum commendata, cuius arbitrio staturum me casurumque scio. Ceterum genesis illa,[55] quae celeriorem vitae exitum portendebat, quamquam a me esse mea tunc putabatur, didici tamen postea ex Gislena de Chivoire ⌊matreGislena de Chivoire ⌋, quae adhuc superstes est, veram illam meam non fuisse meque uno anno, quam tum credebam, iuniorem,[56] id quod ex archivis tutelarium librorum[57] etiam deprehendi.

Subiungis nostrates plurimum vobis Inhabitants of Poland ⌊PolonisInhabitants of Poland ⌋, si diis placet, debere, quod huc Jan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌊Ioannem a LaskoJan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌋ miseritis apostolum gentium Transamasanarum. Ego vero meique similes hunc apostolum non quidem apud vos Inhabitants of Poland ⌊PolonosInhabitants of Poland ⌋ (siquidem non tantum mali vobis apprecabimur), sed in palude Maeotyde aut apud The Tatars ⌊TartarosThe Tatars ⌋ agere mallemus[58], adeo plurimorum dementavit animas abduxitque a verae fidei tramite. Neque tamen ad nos accedere audet, quamquam Cologne (Köln, Colonia, Colonia Agrippina), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌊Coloniae AgrippinaeCologne (Köln, Colonia, Colonia Agrippina), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌋ vicinisque in locis virus suum diffundere conatus est probe sciens apud nos paratum sib written over ill⌈illsibsib written over ill⌉i esse supplicium, uti et ceteris simili laborantibus insania, si quos ad nos venire contingat, prout anno contigit superiori orig. superiore⌈superiorisuperiori orig. superiore⌉, quo ex Strasbourg (Straßburg, Argentoratum, Argentina), city in northeastern France, Alsace, on the Rhine river⌊ArgentinaStrasbourg (Straßburg, Argentoratum, Argentina), city in northeastern France, Alsace, on the Rhine river⌋ missi The French ⌊Gallicae gentis hominesThe French ⌋ interque eos theologus quidam Parisiensis orig. Parrhisiensis⌈ParisiensisParisiensis orig. Parrhisiensis⌉ deploratae mentis homo, ut gentem nostram (ita loquebantur) ad veram viam converterent, ultricibus flammis absumpti sunt. Sed non et cum auctoribus orig. autoribus⌈auctoribusauctoribus orig. autoribus⌉ zizania periere.

Siquidem vel written over ...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉ vel vel written over ...⌉ illi, vel alii haud melioris farinae nonnullos ex nobilitate nostra adeo deliros orig. delyros⌈delirosdeliros orig. delyros⌉ reddidere, ut relictis bonis fortunisque omnibus, quas amplas possidebant, cum uxoribus et UUB, H. 155, f. 125r sororibus sese[59] alio proripuerint, utpote Strasbourg (Straßburg, Argentoratum, Argentina), city in northeastern France, Alsace, on the Rhine river⌊ArgentinamStrasbourg (Straßburg, Argentoratum, Argentina), city in northeastern France, Alsace, on the Rhine river⌋ aut Geneva (Genf, Gebenna, Genava), city in Switzerland⌊GenevamGeneva (Genf, Gebenna, Genava), city in Switzerland⌋ aut Zürich (Tigurum, Turicum, Thuregus), city in Switzerland, capital of the canton of Zürich⌊ThuregumZürich (Tigurum, Turicum, Thuregus), city in Switzerland, capital of the canton of Zürich⌋. Inter quos primum nobilitatis gradum obtinet Jacques de Bourgogne (*ca. 1505 – †1557), Lord of Falais and Bredam⌊filiusJacques de Bourgogne (*ca. 1505 – †1557), Lord of Falais and Bredam⌋ maximus natu quondam ill(ustris) or ill(ustrissimi)⌈ill(ustris)ill(ustris) or ill(ustrissimi)⌉ domini Charles de Bourgogne (*ca. 1490 – †1538), in 1524, as an envoy of Emperor Charles V, he came to Poland with insignia of the Order of the Golden Fleece for King Sigismund; Lord of Fallais, Bredam and Fromont (POCIECHA 2, p. 205)⌊Caroli de BurgundiaCharles de Bourgogne (*ca. 1490 – †1538), in 1524, as an envoy of Emperor Charles V, he came to Poland with insignia of the Order of the Golden Fleece for King Sigismund; Lord of Fallais, Bredam and Fromont (POCIECHA 2, p. 205)⌋ domini de Bredam tibi noti, qui idem assecutus orig. assequutus⌈assecutusassecutus orig. assequutus⌉ est hereditatem domini de Falaix François de Bourgogne (†ca. 1563), Lord of Falais⌊patruiFrançois de Bourgogne (†ca. 1563), Lord of Falais⌋ sui. Is ducta in uxorem Yolande van Bréderode (*1525 – †1553), wife of Jacques de Bourgogne, daughter of Walraven II van Bréderode and Anna van Nieuwenaar⌊sororeYolande van Bréderode (*1525 – †1553), wife of Jacques de Bourgogne, daughter of Walraven II van Bréderode and Anna van Nieuwenaar⌋ legitima illustris Reinoud III van Bréderode (*1492 – †1556), lord of Bréderode and Vianen, Burgrave of Utrecht⌊domini a BrederodeReinoud III van Bréderode (*1492 – †1556), lord of Bréderode and Vianen, Burgrave of Utrecht⌋ aut ipse ab ea seductus, aut eam seducens concessit Strasbourg (Straßburg, Argentoratum, Argentina), city in northeastern France, Alsace, on the Rhine river⌊ArgentinamStrasbourg (Straßburg, Argentoratum, Argentina), city in northeastern France, Alsace, on the Rhine river⌋ cum universa familia abiecta cura utriusque hereditatis, tum et Marguerite de Werchin (†1558), wife of Charles de Bourgogne Lord of Bredam, daughter of Nicolas de Barbançon-Werchin, Baron de Werchin and Yolande of Luxembourg⌊matrisMarguerite de Werchin (†1558), wife of Charles de Bourgogne Lord of Bredam, daughter of Nicolas de Barbançon-Werchin, Baron de Werchin and Yolande of Luxembourg⌋, probissimae matronae, et Antoine de Bourgogne Lord of Bredam

Charles II de Bourgogne (†1582), Lord of Sommelsdijck

Jean de Bourgogne Lord of Fromont and de Ham-sur-Sambre⌊fratrumAntoine de Bourgogne Lord of Bredam

Charles II de Bourgogne (†1582), Lord of Sommelsdijck

Jean de Bourgogne Lord of Fromont and de Ham-sur-Sambre⌋. Simile, quid ab Hannoniensi quodam de David de Busanton (Buzanton) (†1545), gentelman of Hainaut, refugee in Geneva⌊BuzantonDavid de Busanton (Buzanton) (†1545), gentelman of Hainaut, refugee in Geneva⌋ ab Andtverpiensibus duobus ex The Berchems wealthy noble family of Antwerp⌊familia de BerchemThe Berchems wealthy noble family of Antwerp⌋ nonnullisque aliis factum videmus. Ne hic commemorem hoc biennio fuisse apud Transysulanos in regione Twente (Twenthe, Tubantia), region in the Low Countries, Lordship of Overijssel, today in the Netherlands⌊TubantumTwente (Twenthe, Tubantia), region in the Low Countries, Lordship of Overijssel, today in the Netherlands⌋ puellas duas nobiles divites egregiaque forma, quae exuri vivae maluerunt, quam ab impiis superinscribed in place of crossed-out ipsius⌈ipsius impiis impiis superinscribed in place of crossed-out ipsius⌉ quibusdam dogmatibus Menno Simons (*1496 – †1561)⌊Mennonis SymonisMenno Simons (*1496 – †1561)⌋ Phrysii (cuius eadem est quae et Jan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌊Ioannis a LaskoJan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌋ traditio) discedere.

Qui autem ad vos confugiunt ex nostris aut monachi sunt fugitivi, veluti Felix Rex ( Polyssanus, Polyphemus, Conincx, De Coninck, Koenig) (†1549), from 1528 householder of Erasmus of Rotterdam, from 1543 librarian of Albrecht of Brandenburg, Duke in Prussia (CE, vol. 3, p. 150-151; COLLOQUIES, p. 863; Altpreussische Biographie 1974, vol. 1, p. 349)⌊PolyphemusFelix Rex ( Polyssanus, Polyphemus, Conincx, De Coninck, Koenig) (†1549), from 1528 householder of Erasmus of Rotterdam, from 1543 librarian of Albrecht of Brandenburg, Duke in Prussia (CE, vol. 3, p. 150-151; COLLOQUIES, p. 863; Altpreussische Biographie 1974, vol. 1, p. 349)⌋, qui olim Ghent (Gent, Gand, Gandavum), city in the Low Countries, the County of Flanders, today in Belgium⌊GandaviGhent (Gent, Gand, Gandavum), city in the Low Countries, the County of Flanders, today in Belgium⌋ fuit Carthusiensis, vel sacerdotes apostatae, veluti Gulielmus Gnapheus (Willem de Volder, Gulielmus Hagensis, Willem van de Voldersgraft) (*1493 – †1568), Dutch humanist, playwright; Catholic priest, then adherent to the Reformation; rector of the Gymnasium in the Hague; imprisoned twice, in 1531 emigrated to Prussia; 1535-1541 first rector of the Gymnasium in Elbing; 1541-1547 lived and taught in Königsberg; from 1547 to death stayed in East Frisia (i.al. as secretary to Countess Anna of Oldenburg and educator of her sons) (ORACKI 1984, p. 69; PAWLAK 1987)⌊Gnapeus(!)Gulielmus Gnapheus (Willem de Volder, Gulielmus Hagensis, Willem van de Voldersgraft) (*1493 – †1568), Dutch humanist, playwright; Catholic priest, then adherent to the Reformation; rector of the Gymnasium in the Hague; imprisoned twice, in 1531 emigrated to Prussia; 1535-1541 first rector of the Gymnasium in Elbing; 1541-1547 lived and taught in Königsberg; from 1547 to death stayed in East Frisia (i.al. as secretary to Countess Anna of Oldenburg and educator of her sons) (ORACKI 1984, p. 69; PAWLAK 1987)⌋, qui litterarium ludum instituit Elbing (Elbląg), city in northern Poland, Pomerania, on the Vistula Lagoon, one of the three Great Prussian Cities (beside Gdańsk (Danzig) and Thorn (Toruń)) which had representatives in the Prussian Council; member of the Hanseatic League⌊ElbingaeElbing (Elbląg), city in northern Poland, Pomerania, on the Vistula Lagoon, one of the three Great Prussian Cities (beside Gdańsk (Danzig) and Thorn (Toruń)) which had representatives in the Prussian Council; member of the Hanseatic League⌋, quem quondam exercuit in The Hague (Haga Comitis, Den Haag, 's Gravenhage), city in the Low Countries, the County of Holland, today seat of the government of the Netherlands and residence of the Dutch royal house⌊Haga ComitisThe Hague (Haga Comitis, Den Haag, 's Gravenhage), city in the Low Countries, the County of Holland, today seat of the government of the Netherlands and residence of the Dutch royal house⌋, vel nautae, aut institores, potissimum vero contaminati anababtistica, qui omnes ab Albrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌊illo angueAlbrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌋, quem in sinu vestro magna cum iniuria Germanicae nobilitatis fovistis, liberaliter habentur, nimirum quod illis ad omnia sese uti posse nec immerito arbitratur, potissimum vero ad seducendos subvertendosque imbecillos, quibus adhuc lacte o written over e⌈eoo written over e⌉pus est, iaciendaque seminaria rebellionum et seditionum in vulgus. Quibus artibus videmus et alios quoque, sed eiusdem ingenii, plurimam operam impendere in sui, uti speramus, confusionem.

Atheismus, de quo scripsi, per France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊GalliasFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ aliquamdiu vagatus tandem sese in nonnullis patefecit. Comprehensus est ex illius assertoribus Étienne Dolet (Stephanus Doletus) (*1509 – †1546), French scholar, translator and printer. In 1546 he was arrested, accused of atheism and sentenced to death by burning at the stake⌊Stephanus quidam DoletusÉtienne Dolet (Stephanus Doletus) (*1509 – †1546), French scholar, translator and printer. In 1546 he was arrested, accused of atheism and sentenced to death by burning at the stake⌋, homo Ciceronianus neque de litteris saecularibus orig. secularibus⌈saecularibussaecularibus orig. secularibus⌉ male meritus, poeta et rhetor eruditus, sed lingua maledicentissima, qui Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarem CarolumCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ nostrum The Germans ⌊gentemque GermanicamThe Germans ⌋ et The Spaniards ⌊HispanamThe Spaniards ⌋, quoties occasio sese obtulit, UUB, H. 155, f. 125v tam foede infamiterque[60] tractat superinscribed⌈tractattractat superinscribed⌉, ut foedius nihil infamiusque excogitari queat. Huic in nobis lacerandis tam bene de The French ⌊gente FrancorumThe French ⌋ merito condigna obtigit merces, nimirum rogus, quo Lyon (Lugdunum), city in east-central France, on the Rhône and Saône rivers, one of the most important printing and publishing centers in early modern Europe⌊LugduniLyon (Lugdunum), city in east-central France, on the Rhône and Saône rivers, one of the most important printing and publishing centers in early modern Europe⌋ publice vivus usque ad cineres conflagravit. Taliter divina iustitia in eo ulta est et impietatem et maledicentiam.

Periere eo suplicii genere plerique in France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊eo regnoFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋, ex quo multi etiam voluntarium sibi apud The Germans ⌊GermanosThe Germans ⌋ conscivere exilium, sed nihilominus invalescit atheismus maxima aulicorum parte non in mores tantum, verum et mentes quoque The Italians ⌊ItalorumThe Italians ⌋ transeunte, praesertim orig. presertim⌈praesertimpraesertim orig. presertim⌉ vero iuvenum, quibus omnia libidine et prodigalitate viliora sunt. Accedit in ea gente incommodum aliud, quod mire perturbat piorum, qui istic orig. isthic⌈isticistic orig. isthic⌉ sunt, hominum mentes. Quoties enim vel a pontifice maximo, vel a collegio cardinalium, vel ab ordine ecclesiastico impetrare aliquid Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊rexFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ contendit, tum publicantur in Lutheranos edicta atrocia, rapiuntur ad supplicia bibliopolae orig. bybliopolae⌈bibliopolaebibliopolae orig. bybliopolae⌉, mercatores et cives. Idem fit, quoties per The Germans ⌊GermanosThe Germans ⌋ aliquid pro Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesareCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ decernitur.

At econtra, ubi Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌊pontifex maximusPaul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌋ aliquanto sese praebet orig. prebet⌈praebetpraebet orig. prebet⌉ difficiliorem, ubi The Germans ⌊GermaniThe Germans ⌋ spem Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊illiFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ faciunt aliquid adversus Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ attentandi aut eum in Smalkaldense foedus, quod toties ambivit, admittendi, tum remittitur plurimum de eo furore, liberaliter habentur Germani neque bibliopolis orig. bybliopolis⌈bibliopolisbibliopolis orig. bybliopolis⌉ damno est, si quem forte latentem librum ex angulo tractum volentibus obtrudant.

Nec desunt voces, aliquando orig. aliquamdo⌈aliquandoaliquando orig. aliquamdo⌉ etiam regiae, ni Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌊pontifex maximusPaul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌋ Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊illiFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ assentiat in iis, quae petit, fore, ut ex monasteriis fiant collegia militum aut alioqui monasteriorum bona vertantur in usus regios. Haec et similia, deinde cum Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊Thurcarum tyrannoSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ illiusque satrapis aliisque The Moors (Mauri), North African pirates⌊MaurorumThe Moors (Mauri), North African pirates⌋ in Africa, the continent⌊Africa orig. Aphrica⌈AfricaAfrica orig. Aphrica⌉Africa, the continent⌋ regibus fraternitas amicitiaque, continua belli discordiarumque inter Christianos principes seminandarum sedulitas, vitae genus et mores longe plurimos dubitare faciunt aut non esse Deum, aut illi mortalia curae non esse, aut certe post hanc vitam haud esse aliam. Alioqui talia facta non iri a regibus, a principibus viris, a cardinalibus et episcopis, quorum consilio iis in rebus post UUB, H. 155, f. 126r Anne de Pisseleu d' Heilly (*1508 – †1580), Duchess of Étampes, mistress of Francis I of France⌊dominam ab EstampesAnne de Pisseleu d' Heilly (*1508 – †1580), Duchess of Étampes, mistress of Francis I of France⌋[61] dico, potissimum utitur. Ea etenim Anne de Pisseleu d' Heilly (*1508 – †1580), Duchess of Étampes, mistress of Francis I of France⌊mulierAnne de Pisseleu d' Heilly (*1508 – †1580), Duchess of Étampes, mistress of Francis I of France⌋ non sine summa omnium admiratione adeo sibi obaeratum orig. oberatum⌈obaeratumobaeratum orig. oberatum⌉ habet Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊regisFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ animum, ut nihil tam arcanum magnumve sit, quod ad eam non perferatur, prius etiam quam ad regem ipsum ullumve ex ipsius consiliariis. Denique prae orig. pre⌈praeprae orig. pre⌉ hac vilis est Eleanor of Austria (Eleanor of Habsburg, Eleanor of Castile) (*1498 – †1558), 1518-1521 Queen consort of Portugal (as a wife of Manuel I) and later, from 1530, of France (as the wife of Francis I), granddaughter of Emperor Maximilian I and sister of Charles V⌊regina coniunxEleanor of Austria (Eleanor of Habsburg, Eleanor of Castile) (*1498 – †1558), 1518-1521 Queen consort of Portugal (as a wife of Manuel I) and later, from 1530, of France (as the wife of Francis I), granddaughter of Emperor Maximilian I and sister of Charles V⌋, vilis et Henry II of Valois (Henry of France) (*1519 – †1559), 1519-1536 Duke of Orléans, 1536-1547 Duke of Brittany, 1547-1559 King of France; son of Francis I of Valois and Claude Duchess of Brittany⌊delphinus filiusHenry II of Valois (Henry of France) (*1519 – †1559), 1519-1536 Duke of Orléans, 1536-1547 Duke of Brittany, 1547-1559 King of France; son of Francis I of Valois and Claude Duchess of Brittany⌋ heresque unicus. Coram hac genu flectunt episcopi, abbates, cardinales, huius impotente fastu crescunt decrescuntque. Huius in manu pax, bellum, induciae, odium, amicitia, ira, tranquillitas.

De England⌊BritanniaEngland⌋ quid dicam, nescio. Quae sit vivendi apud The English (Angli) ⌊AnglosThe English (Angli) ⌋ forma, ex vestratibus, qui plurimi degunt in insula, cognoscere potes. Exterior ritus neutiquam est contemnendus, caeremoniae orig. ceremoniae⌈caeremoniaecaeremoniae orig. ceremoniae⌉ ex integro observantur, sed, uti scribis, ecclesiasticam disciplinam et ecclesiae rectorem, quem tot saeculis orig. seculis⌈saeculissaeculis orig. seculis⌉ ab eo tempore, quo a beato Gregory I (Saint Gregory the Great) (*ca. 540 – †604), 590-604 Pope ⌊Gregorio papaGregory I (Saint Gregory the Great) (*ca. 540 – †604), 590-604 Pope ⌋ eius nominis primo per Augustine of Hippo, Saint (Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis, St. Augustine) (*354 – †430), saint and doctor of the Church; philosopher and theologian from the Roman province of Africa; Bishop of Hippo Regius⌊divum AugustinumAugustine of Hippo, Saint (Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis, St. Augustine) (*354 – †430), saint and doctor of the Church; philosopher and theologian from the Roman province of Africa; Bishop of Hippo Regius⌋ auctore orig. autore⌈auctoreauctore orig. autore⌉ Venerable Bede (Beda Venerabilis), English monk, scholar and author of Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum⌊venerabili BedaVenerable Bede (Beda Venerabilis), English monk, scholar and author of Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum⌋ ad fidem Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊ChristiJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋ conversa est, abiecit magna habuit in veneratione, nunc demum abiecit.[62]

In Scotland⌊ScotiaScotland⌋ res cotidie orig. quottidie⌈cotidiecotidie orig. quottidie⌉ in deterius labuntur. Caesus est ibi non multos ante dies sua in arce David Beaton (*ca. 1494 – †1546), 1537 Bishop of Mirepoix, 1538 elevated to Cardinal, 1539 Archbishop of St. Andrews⌊cardinalis Sancti AndreaeDavid Beaton (*ca. 1494 – †1546), 1537 Bishop of Mirepoix, 1538 elevated to Cardinal, 1539 Archbishop of St. Andrews⌋, qui solus written over m⌈mss written over m⌉ nutantem Scotland⌊regniScotland⌋ statum post mortem James V Stuart (*1512 – †1542), 1513-1542 King of Scotland; son of King James IV of Scotland James IV and Margaret Tudor⌊regisJames V Stuart (*1512 – †1542), 1513-1542 King of Scotland; son of King James IV of Scotland James IV and Margaret Tudor⌋ nuper defuncti sustinuit multis procerum vulgique ad The English (Angli) ⌊AnglosThe English (Angli) ⌋ vicinos respicientibus sive belli taedio desiderioque orig. desyderioque⌈desiderioquedesiderioque orig. desyderioque⌉ pacis, sive libidine cuncta miscendi, sive invidia adversum ecclesiasticos, quorum opibus inhiant, et caesus orig. cesus⌈caesuscaesus orig. cesus⌉ est ab eo, quem a puero educaverat et quo de semper optime fuerat meritus, quodque mirum magis est, incertum, quam ob causam. Parricidae vero caeso orig. ceso⌈caesocaeso orig. ceso⌉ praesule orig. presule⌈praesulepraesule orig. presule⌉ arce opibusque illius potiti sese in ea adhuc tuentur adversum ceteros orig. caeteros⌈ceterosceteros orig. caeteros⌉ regni illius primores timenturque, si extrema imminere videant, sese arcemque, quae regni primaria est atque ad oceanum parvo intercurrente sinu posita, The English (Angli) ⌊AnglisThe English (Angli) ⌋ citius quam suae gentis hominibus etiam impunitate promissa tradituri, unde illius regni exitium et ecclesiasticorum exterminium haud dubie subsequetur. Ex quibus omnibus, quaeso orig. queso⌈quaesoquaeso orig. queso⌉, quid ominari aliud possimus, quam brevi fore, ut apud paucissimos delitescat vera et genuina fides, quae et vi publica, et per cuniculos tam dire oppugnatur? Quod et te in calce litterarum tuarum animadvertisse video. UUB, H. 155, f. 126v Superest, ut divinam oremus clementiam orig. claementiam⌈clementiamclementiam orig. claementiam⌉, ut nos de numero faciat esse electorum, quod eam facturam omnino spero confidoque.

Subdis mirari te, quod Theodoricus of Vollenhove Dantiscus' servant⌊TheodoricusTheodoricus of Vollenhove Dantiscus' servant⌋ tonsor tuus te in aula versari rursusque effectum esse aulicum mihi asseveraverit graphice depingens interim praemium, quod assecutus orig. assequutus⌈assecutusassecutus orig. assequutus⌉ es in infelicibus orig. infoelicibus⌈infelicibusinfelicibus orig. infoelicibus⌉ illis nuptiis, nempe febrim acerbam atque odium Bona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌊Juno goddess in Roman mythology, wife of Jupiter⌊IunonisJuno goddess in Roman mythology, wife of Jupiter⌋ iniquaeBona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌋.[63] Quae cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ magno, uti decuit, animo toleraveris eoque officio serenissimae Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiae maiestati senioriSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ gratificatus sis written over t⌈tss written over t⌉ atque obsecutus orig. obsequutus⌈obsecutusobsecutus orig. obsequutus⌉, non est, quod poenitere te illius laboris atque expensarum debeat superinscribed⌈debeat orig. daebeat⌈debeatdebeat orig. daebeat⌉debeat superinscribed⌉. Quae sane haud ullo tempore poterant a te magnificentius fieri iisdemque puta te aulae in universum valedixisse, aulae, dico, regiae et reginali, nam quae in Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiaPrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋ est patria tua, ubi Provincial Diet of Royal Prussia ⌊comitia gentis vestraeProvincial Diet of Royal Prussia ⌋ habentur, ea a te non aula, sed domus vocari debet orig. daebet⌈debetdebet orig. daebet⌉, in qua aequum est patremfamilias agere eum, qui et dignitate et prudentia alios anteeat, atque illum esse te citra controversiam non dubito.

Quae de mea in England⌊AngliamEngland⌋ legatione prima eventura opinabaris, declaravit eventus rei, quippe Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊regesHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ nondum bello fessos haud facile in condiciones orig. conditiones⌈condicionescondiciones orig. conditiones⌉ pacis honestas condescensuros. Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊CaesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ interim, ut est pacis publicae desiderantissimus orig. desyderantissimus⌈desiderantissimusdesiderantissimus orig. desyderantissimus⌉, partes ad se vocatas, hoc est Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊utriusque regisHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ Claude d' Annebault (*1495 – †1552), 1527-1537 commander of light cavalry and Albanians in the French service; 1538–1552 Marshal of France (1547-1552 only nominally); 1541 Governor of Piedmont; 1543 - of Normandy; 1544-1552 Admiral of France; 1544 commander of the French fleet against England; 1545 ambassador of the King Francis I of France at the imperial court; 1546 chief French plenipotentiary at the peace talks between England and French at Ardres (KNECHT 1984, p. 287, 294-295, 300, 363-364, 372-376, 414, 416-417, 424; POTTER 2008, p. 46 (footnote 30), 87, 241)

Edward Carne (*ca. 1496 – †1561), English diplomat 1538-1539 ambassador to Cleves 1541, 1544-1548 - to Mary of Hungary 1545 one of the English commissioners to the conference at Bourbourg to discuss commercial differences and claims 1555-1559 Resident Ambassador to Rome (he was recalled in 1558 when Queen Elisabeth ascended to the throne, but he remained in Rome until his death his responsibilities as an English minister had ceased by April 1559) (BELL, p. 177-178; POTTER 2011, p. 547)

Thomas Thirlby (*ca. 1506 – †1570), 1540 Bishop of Westminster; 1544 Councillor of State; 1550 Bishop of Norwich; 1542, 1545-1548, 1553-1554 English ambassador to the Emperor (POTTER 2011, p. 561)

François Olivier (*1497 – †1560), diplomat and statesman in the service of France; 1545-1560 Chancellor of France (DUPÈBE)

Gilbert Bayard (†1548), Baron de La Font, diplomat, secretary of finance and comptroller general of the wars to Francis I King of France (THOMAS 2007)

Stephen Gardiner (*ca. 1497 – †1555), theologian, humanist and diplomat, doctor of both laws; 1521-1524 lecturer in the faculties of civil and canon law at Trinity Hall, 1524 secretary of cardinal Thomas Wolsey, 1525-1549, 1553-1555 master of Trinity Hall, 1526 Archdeacon of Taunton, 1528 secretary of King Henry VIII Tudor and archdeacon of Worcester, 1529 - of Norfolk, 1531 - of Leicester, 1531–1551, 1553–1555 Bishop of Winchester, 1540-1547, 1553-1555 Chancellor of Cambridge, 1553 Lord High Chancellor, 1531-1532, 1535-1538 English ambassador at the French court, 1533 royal envoy to France, to Clement VII, 1539 - to Germany, 1540-1541, 1544, 1545-1546 ambassador at the court of Emperor Charles V (CE, vol. 2, p. 74-76)⌊oratoresClaude d' Annebault (*1495 – †1552), 1527-1537 commander of light cavalry and Albanians in the French service; 1538–1552 Marshal of France (1547-1552 only nominally); 1541 Governor of Piedmont; 1543 - of Normandy; 1544-1552 Admiral of France; 1544 commander of the French fleet against England; 1545 ambassador of the King Francis I of France at the imperial court; 1546 chief French plenipotentiary at the peace talks between England and French at Ardres (KNECHT 1984, p. 287, 294-295, 300, 363-364, 372-376, 414, 416-417, 424; POTTER 2008, p. 46 (footnote 30), 87, 241)

Edward Carne (*ca. 1496 – †1561), English diplomat 1538-1539 ambassador to Cleves 1541, 1544-1548 - to Mary of Hungary 1545 one of the English commissioners to the conference at Bourbourg to discuss commercial differences and claims 1555-1559 Resident Ambassador to Rome (he was recalled in 1558 when Queen Elisabeth ascended to the throne, but he remained in Rome until his death his responsibilities as an English minister had ceased by April 1559) (BELL, p. 177-178; POTTER 2011, p. 547)

Thomas Thirlby (*ca. 1506 – †1570), 1540 Bishop of Westminster; 1544 Councillor of State; 1550 Bishop of Norwich; 1542, 1545-1548, 1553-1554 English ambassador to the Emperor (POTTER 2011, p. 561)

François Olivier (*1497 – †1560), diplomat and statesman in the service of France; 1545-1560 Chancellor of France (DUPÈBE)

Gilbert Bayard (†1548), Baron de La Font, diplomat, secretary of finance and comptroller general of the wars to Francis I King of France (THOMAS 2007)

Stephen Gardiner (*ca. 1497 – †1555), theologian, humanist and diplomat, doctor of both laws; 1521-1524 lecturer in the faculties of civil and canon law at Trinity Hall, 1524 secretary of cardinal Thomas Wolsey, 1525-1549, 1553-1555 master of Trinity Hall, 1526 Archdeacon of Taunton, 1528 secretary of King Henry VIII Tudor and archdeacon of Worcester, 1529 - of Norfolk, 1531 - of Leicester, 1531–1551, 1553–1555 Bishop of Winchester, 1540-1547, 1553-1555 Chancellor of Cambridge, 1553 Lord High Chancellor, 1531-1532, 1535-1538 English ambassador at the French court, 1533 royal envoy to France, to Clement VII, 1539 - to Germany, 1540-1541, 1544, 1545-1546 ambassador at the court of Emperor Charles V (CE, vol. 2, p. 74-76)⌋, mense Novembri (quod et tibi nuntiatum orig. nunciatum⌈nuntiatumnuntiatum orig. nunciatum⌉ scribis) frustra est ad ineundam concordiam adhortatus, quanto minus mirum, si ego meique similes, hoc est fungi, parum in suadendo profecerimus. Si ad Deum causa referatur, non deerunt utrimque peccata, quae officiant, quominus The English (Angli)

The French ⌊alterutriusThe English (Angli)

The French ⌋ gentis misereatur. Et facti written over ae⌈aeii written over ae⌉ sunt, uti praedicebas orig. predicebas⌈praedicebaspraedicebas orig. predicebas⌉ fore, ingentes utrimque apparatus terrestres navalesque, non tamen ullo in loco ita est concursum, ut pars altera sibi damnum illatum fuisse fateri voluerit, universi autem perstiterint in UUB, H. 155, f. 127r pertinacia[64] continuandi belli, quae sub hoc tempus primum remitti coepit orig. cepit⌈coepitcoepit orig. cepit⌉, credo exhaustis Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊utriusque principisHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ aerariis nec satis suppeditare valente amplius populo, uti et largitiones quoque, si continuentur, suum habent fundum. Quo exhausto cf. Sen. Ep. 1.5 ut visum est maioribus nostris, sera parsimonia in fundo est ⌊sera orig. saera⌈serasera orig. saera⌉, ut in proverbio, parsimoniacf. Sen. Ep. 1.5 ut visum est maioribus nostris, sera parsimonia in fundo est ⌋.

Et successit, uti divinabas de aliquo vestrate in England⌊AngliamEngland⌋ mittendo, siquidem Stanisław Lasota (*ca. 1515 – †1561), from 1543 courtier of Queen Elisabeth of Austria, wife of King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland, after her death in 1545, courtier, diplomat and royal secretary of Sigismund II August of Poland (PSB 16, p. 555)⌊Stanislaus quidam LassotaStanisław Lasota (*ca. 1515 – †1561), from 1543 courtier of Queen Elisabeth of Austria, wife of King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland, after her death in 1545, courtier, diplomat and royal secretary of Sigismund II August of Poland (PSB 16, p. 555)⌋ principio huius anni ad Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ venit et ad Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊reginam MariamMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋ ad utrumque habens litteras a serenissimo Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊iuniori rege PoloniaeSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋, quibus idem serenissimus rex illum vocabat cubicularium suum tenerique studio visendi orbis, petens, ut facultas illi fieret per caesarem, per reginam, per ditiones maiestatis ipsius UUB, H. 155, f. 128r proficiscendi,[67] standi, morandi etc., simul addens sese nonnulla illi in mandatis dedisse utrique dicenda. Cuius quidem clausulae, ni fallor, vigore sese oratorem Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regis PoloniaeSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ vocavit et pro tali principio susceptus fuit. At ubi, quae illi dicenda commissa erant, explicuisset eaque nihil aliud essent quam salutationes, apprecationes bonae valetudinis, gratulationes de inc written over s⌈scc written over s⌉olumitate et felici orig. foelici⌈felicifelici orig. foelici⌉ regimine, assertiones continuationis in amicitia, de rebus vero publicis nihil post sex hebdomadas, quam in aula Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ haesit, cum litteris, quas petiit, dimissus est, nihil tamen de Anglica profectione suscipienda locutus orig. loquutus⌈locutuslocutus orig. loquutus⌉, sed de Portugallica Castellanaque.

Siquidem, uti nosti, qui nunc sunt a consiliis Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊principumHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ et ipsi quoque principes, omnia metiuntur praesentibus commodis. Servant The English (Angli) ⌊AngliThe English (Angli) ⌋ Boulogne-sur-Mer, city in northern France, 1544-1550 occupied by the English⌊BoloniamBoulogne-sur-Mer, city in northern France, 1544-1550 occupied by the English⌋ cumque ea satis amplum territorium. The English (Angli) ⌊IllisThe English (Angli) ⌋ opus est amicis, qui, si quae vis a The French ⌊FrancisThe French ⌋ ingruat, confestim illis possint esse subsidio, nec opus habeant mittere in Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊SarmatiamPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ pro auxiliaribus copiis. Quare, si quae istic orig. isthic⌈isticistic orig. isthic⌉ a vestratibus somniantur, ea nullum eventum esse sortitura, omnino tibi persuade. An putas reginam Poloniae ignotam esse etiam regi Angliae? encrypted ⌈reginam Poloniae[68] ignotam esse etiam regi Angliae?[69]reginam Poloniae ignotam esse etiam regi Angliae? encrypted ⌉ cf. Vulg. Prv 1:17 frustra autem iacitur rete ante oculos pinnatorum ⌊Frustra iacitur (ut Solomon ruler famous for his sagacity and knowledge ; King of Israel⌊sapiensSolomon ruler famous for his sagacity and knowledge ; King of Israel⌋ ait) rete ante oculos pennatorumcf. Vulg. Prv 1:17 frustra autem iacitur rete ante oculos pinnatorum ⌋. Credo tamen fieri posse, ut, si procaremini Elizabeth I Tudor (*1533 – †1603), Queen regnant of England and Ireland (1558-1603); daughter of Henry VIII Tudor and Anne Boleyn⌊filiamElizabeth I Tudor (*1533 – †1603), Queen regnant of England and Ireland (1558-1603); daughter of Henry VIII Tudor and Anne Boleyn⌋ ex Anne Boleyn (*1507 – †1536), Queen of England (1533-1536) as a second wife of Henry VIII Tudor; in 1536 charged with treason and beheaded⌊Anna de BoulantAnne Boleyn (*1507 – †1536), Queen of England (1533-1536) as a second wife of Henry VIII Tudor; in 1536 charged with treason and beheaded⌋, quam adulterii plurimumque maleficiorum convictam Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌊rexHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌋ maritus gladio caedi orig. cedi⌈caedicaedi orig. cedi⌉ permisit, forte eam cum aliquanta pecunia assequeremini, id vero si vobis honestum, ipse perpende encrypted ⌈id vero si vobis honestum, ipse perpendeid vero si vobis honestum, ipse perpende encrypted ⌉. Sane reor rex Poloniae encrypted ⌈rex Poloniaerex Poloniae encrypted ⌉[70] huius opinionis neutiquam fore, de regina encrypted ⌈reginaregina encrypted ⌉[71] nihil dico. probably Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊Illiprobably Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ me suppliciter commenda encrypted ⌈me suppliciter commendame suppliciter commenda encrypted ⌉ per occasionem, non possum enim non venerandam canitiem orig. caniciem⌈canitiemcanitiem orig. caniciem⌉ ex animo venerari. Et gaudeo sane tibi tam bene cum optimo rege et cancellario convenire encrypted ⌈tibi tam bene cum optimo Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regeSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ et Tomasz Sobocki (*ca. 1508 – †1547), 1539-1546 Polish King's Cup-Bearer1545 deputy cup-bearer of the court, 1545 Grand Chancellor of the Crown, 1545-1546 Burgrave of Cracow, 1535 royal envoy to John Zápolya to invite him to the wedding between Princess Jadwiga Jagiellon and Joachim, Margrave of Brandenburg, 1537 royal envoy to Duke Albrecht von Hohenzollern and to Rome, 1539/1540 - to Suleiman the Magnificent (PSB 39/4, p. 557-560)⌊cancellarioTomasz Sobocki (*ca. 1508 – †1547), 1539-1546 Polish King's Cup-Bearer1545 deputy cup-bearer of the court, 1545 Grand Chancellor of the Crown, 1545-1546 Burgrave of Cracow, 1535 royal envoy to John Zápolya to invite him to the wedding between Princess Jadwiga Jagiellon and Joachim, Margrave of Brandenburg, 1537 royal envoy to Duke Albrecht von Hohenzollern and to Rome, 1539/1540 - to Suleiman the Magnificent (PSB 39/4, p. 557-560)⌋ conveniretibi tam bene cum optimo rege et cancellario convenire encrypted ⌉ sed, quis is sit, nescio. Quare rogo, ad me perscribas qualitatem Tomasz Sobocki (*ca. 1508 – †1547), 1539-1546 Polish King's Cup-Bearer1545 deputy cup-bearer of the court, 1545 Grand Chancellor of the Crown, 1545-1546 Burgrave of Cracow, 1535 royal envoy to John Zápolya to invite him to the wedding between Princess Jadwiga Jagiellon and Joachim, Margrave of Brandenburg, 1537 royal envoy to Duke Albrecht von Hohenzollern and to Rome, 1539/1540 - to Suleiman the Magnificent (PSB 39/4, p. 557-560)⌊hominisTomasz Sobocki (*ca. 1508 – †1547), 1539-1546 Polish King's Cup-Bearer1545 deputy cup-bearer of the court, 1545 Grand Chancellor of the Crown, 1545-1546 Burgrave of Cracow, 1535 royal envoy to John Zápolya to invite him to the wedding between Princess Jadwiga Jagiellon and Joachim, Margrave of Brandenburg, 1537 royal envoy to Duke Albrecht von Hohenzollern and to Rome, 1539/1540 - to Suleiman the Magnificent (PSB 39/4, p. 557-560)⌋ tibi tam amici, quem hoc ipso nomine et ipse quoque observaturus sum.

De miserabili Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊regno HungariaeHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋ cuncta in dies deteriora nuntiantur orig. nunciantur⌈nuntianturnuntiantur orig. nunciantur⌉, quamquam nihil est, quod am UUB, H. 155, f. 129r plius mirer,[72] cui illius gentis ingenia nota sunt, si tamen vocari merentur The Hungarians ⌊HungariThe Hungarians ⌋, qui ex The Valachs ⌊ValachisThe Valachs ⌋ infimaque faece orig. fece⌈faecefaece orig. fece⌉ nati in locum magnatum et procerum ductis illorum uxoribus prolibusque successere – homines latrocinio magis quam gerendo bello idonei orig. ydonei⌈idoneiidonei orig. ydonei⌉. Non possum tamen non misereri sortis illius, sed utinam adhuc non eveniant acerbiora totumque cedat potestati The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋, quod ab ipsis, qui supersunt, The Hungarians ⌊HungarisThe Hungarians ⌋ tentari video. Meliore apud vos sorte adhuc agitur et agetur, dum superstes erit serenissimus Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊rex seniorSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋, verum, nisi falsa ad nos perferunt mercatores (quando a me petis, ut, quod sub obscuro scripseram, faciam dilucidius), nisi, inquam, falsa illi nuntiant orig. nunciant⌈nuntiantnuntiant orig. nunciant⌉, plerique apud vos sunt pestiferis illis opinionibus infecti, quae Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniamGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋ perdent. Et, proh dolor, parum considerate orig. consyderate⌈considerateconsiderate orig. consyderate⌉ alitis iuventutem vestram, quod eam mittitis Wittenberg (Vittemberga), city in east-central Germany, Saxony, on the Elbe river, 70 km NE of Leipzig⌊WittembergamWittenberg (Vittemberga), city in east-central Germany, Saxony, on the Elbe river, 70 km NE of Leipzig⌋ ibi in litteris instituendam, quasi vero cum paucis litteris non ibi plurimum imbibant impietatis et seditiosi spiritus. Ex hoc seminario quales, putas, evasuros, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ ad aetatem orig. etatem⌈aetatemaetatem orig. etatem⌉ pervenerint? Deinde dicuntur plurimi vestrum ingens odium concepisse adversum ecclesiasticos neque minus illorum opibus insidiari quam The Germans ⌊GermanosThe Germans ⌋, hoc tantum interesse, quod auctoritate orig. autoritate⌈auctoritateauctoritate orig. autoritate⌉ reverentiaque Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊senioris regisSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ vestri coerceantur. Addunt iidem apud vos omnia sacerdotia et officia venalia orig. vaenalia⌈venaliavenalia orig. vaenalia⌉ esse[73] darique plus offerentibus, hoc est minus meritis. Est quidem vitium orig. vicium⌈vitiumvitium orig. vicium⌉ illud alibi quoque, sed ubicumque id sit, multa secum uti mala invehat, necessum est. Feruntur et plerique ex vestra nobilitate adhaerere duci Prussiae viro irrequieti spiritus et formidabili, qui uti suam religionem subvertit, ita et regnum auderet encrypted ⌈duci Prussiae[74] viro irrequieti spiri ms. o(!) ⌈ii ms. o(!) ⌉tus et formidabili, qui uti suam religionem subvertit, ita et regnum auderetduci Prussiae viro irrequieti spiritus et formidabili, qui uti suam religionem subvertit, ita et regnum auderet encrypted ⌉. Accedit, quod crebra vobis cum iis The Hungarians ⌊HungarisThe Hungarians ⌋, qui The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ partes sequuntur, consuetudo est, quos ego omnino arbitror nihil credere nec ullam fidem in Deum habere, alioqui non ita se patriamque suam infensissimo reipublicae Christianae hosti prodidissent. Quae in France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊GalliisFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ Italy (Italia)⌊ItaliaItaly (Italia)⌋que conamini, illa ex urbe Roma orig. Rhoma⌈RomaRoma orig. Rhoma⌉ ad nos perferuntur quaeque circa Partenopen et Mediolanum cum pontifice et rege Franciae, cumque nuptiis liligeris encrypted ⌈Naples (Napoli, Neapolis), city in Italy, on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea, capital of the region of Campania⌊PartenopenNaples (Napoli, Neapolis), city in Italy, on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea, capital of the region of Campania⌋ et Milan (Mediolanum, Milano), city in northern Italy⌊MediolanumMilan (Mediolanum, Milano), city in northern Italy⌋ cum pontifice[75] et rege Franciae[76], cumque nuptiis liligerisPartenopen et Mediolanum cum pontifice et rege Franciae, cumque nuptiis liligeris encrypted ⌉,[77] ad quae omnia mihi libet ridere scienti, quibus cum gentibus vobis negotium orig. negocium⌈negotiumnegotium orig. negocium⌉ est, scientibus scilicet cf. Hor. S. 1.6.5 naso suspendis adunco; Hor. S. 2.8.64-65 Balatro suspendens omnia naso / “haec est condicio vivendi” aiebat; Pers. 1.116-118 omne vafer vitium ridenti Flaccus amico / tangit et admissus circum praecordia ludit, / callidus excusso populum suspendere naso ⌊homines suspendere naso etc.cf. Hor. S. 1.6.5 naso suspendis adunco; Hor. S. 2.8.64-65 Balatro suspendens omnia naso / “haec est condicio vivendi” aiebat; Pers. 1.116-118 omne vafer vitium ridenti Flaccus amico / tangit et admissus circum praecordia ludit, / callidus excusso populum suspendere naso ⌋

UUB, H. 155, f. 129v

Praetereaque orig. Pretereaque⌈PraetereaquePraetereaque orig. Pretereaque⌉ regina Poloniae magnam filio caesaris(?) promisisse pecuniam pro ducatibus Italicis(?) encrypted ⌈regina Poloniae[78] magnam filio caesaris(?)[79] promisisse pecuniam orig. pequniam⌈pecuniampecuniam orig. pequniam⌉ pro ducatibus Italicis(?)[80]regina Poloniae magnam filio caesaris(?) promisisse pecuniam pro ducatibus Italicis(?) encrypted ⌉ non in nepotem ex nata sed regem iuniorem Poloniae secluso rege Romanorum encrypted ⌈nepotem ex nata sed regem iuniorem Poloniae[81] secluso ms. seclupo(!) ⌈seclusosecluso ms. seclupo(!) ⌉ rege Romanorum[82]nepotem ex nata sed regem iuniorem Poloniae secluso rege Romanorum encrypted ⌉ idque instinctu quorundam orig. quorumdam⌈quorundamquorundam orig. quorumdam⌉ non ignotorum.[83] Quae an vera sint, nescio, feruntur tamen, uti dixi, et me non latet non parum veri subesse. Haec pro mea libertate.

Enimvero, quae in Diet of Poland ⌊comitiisDiet of Poland ⌋ vestris incepta tunc fuere de evocandis Royal Prussian Estates ⌊statibus PrussiaeRoyal Prussian Estates ⌋ ad Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊regnumPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋,[84] mihi crede, non ab amico rebus vestris adinventa in mediumque proposita fuisse, sed quisquis ille auctor orig. autor⌈auctorauctor orig. autor⌉ fuit illius consilii, regni vestri statum eversum cupit, quod fiet, ubi primum dissidia inter vos nascentur, ad quae iam via structa est. cf. Vulg. Mt 11:15, 13:9, 13:43; Vulg. Mc 4:9, 4:23, 7:16; Vulg. Lc 8:8, 14:35; Vulg. Apc 2:7, 2:11, 2:17, 2:29, 3:6, 3:13, 3:22, 13:9 ⌊Qui habet aures audiendi, audiatcf. Vulg. Mt 11:15, 13:9, 13:43; Vulg. Mc 4:9, 4:23, 7:16; Vulg. Lc 8:8, 14:35; Vulg. Apc 2:7, 2:11, 2:17, 2:29, 3:6, 3:13, 3:22, 13:9 ⌋.

Quamquam sane non improbarem, si ingruentibus tam magnis The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ viribus Inhabitants of Poland ⌊PolonosInhabitants of Poland ⌋, qui proximi written over e⌈eii written over e⌉ sunt et pro vobis excubant, aliquantisper sublevaretis onerumque partem in vos derivaretis, tunc enim cf. Hor. Epist. 1.18.84 nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet ⌊vestra res agitur, paries cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ proximus ardetcf. Hor. Epist. 1.18.84 nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet ⌋. An etenim amissa (quod omen Deus avertat) Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊PoloniaPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ creditis stare posse Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiamPrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋? At vero ex libidine unius aut alterius ut penderetis, nemo sani iudicii vobis consuleret. Et certe, si quando circumspectione opus fuit, nunc potissimum opus. The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcasThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ habetis in Duchy of Moldavia (Valachia, Hospodarstwo Mołdawskie), country between the eastern Carpathians, the Dniester and the Danube delta, from 1456 a fiefdom of Turkey, where Polish and Turkish influences clashed in the 15th-16th centuries. The Latin name Valachia was widely used in Poland at the time to describe Moldavia, and not the Duchy of Wallachia, which was further south⌊MuldaviaDuchy of Moldavia (Valachia, Hospodarstwo Mołdawskie), country between the eastern Carpathians, the Dniester and the Danube delta, from 1456 a fiefdom of Turkey, where Polish and Turkish influences clashed in the 15th-16th centuries. The Latin name Valachia was widely used in Poland at the time to describe Moldavia, and not the Duchy of Wallachia, which was further south⌋, in Transylvania, region in the central part of Romania, bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range. Historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains⌊TranssylvaniaTransylvania, region in the central part of Romania, bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range. Historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains⌋, in Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊HungariaHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋, scribis etiam ad Dnieper (Borysthenes), river in eastern Europe, flowing through Russia, Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea⌊BoristhenisDnieper (Borysthenes), river in eastern Europe, flowing through Russia, Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea⌋ ostia prope Ochakiv (Oczaków), city fortress and harbour on the northern side of the Black Sea, on the Dnieper Estuary⌊OrczakhowOchakiv (Oczaków), city fortress and harbour on the northern side of the Black Sea, on the Dnieper Estuary⌋. Et aggressi estis cum paucis Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊superbum et potentemSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋, qui ut minime confestim accingatur ad vindictam, quod nullo vestri amore facit, sed ut interim stabiliat imperium in Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊HungariaHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋, suo tamen tempore aut is, qui nunc dominatur, aut heres in memoriam revocaturus est illatam The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊genti suaeThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ contumeliam. Quanto maior danda vobis opera est, ne vires vestrae distrahantur, neve inter vos digladiemini Inhabitants of Poland ⌊PoloniInhabitants of Poland ⌋ The Prussians ⌊PrutheniThe Prussians ⌋que. Sed quorsum efferor?

Ex pontificibus vestris, quos mihi nominas, novi neminem, auditum tamen mihi fuit nomen cuiusdam Piotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌊GamaratiniPiotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌋, quem principio rebar Italum esse, quod per Bona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌊serenissimam reginamBona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌋ eo loci, quo nemo umquam orig. unquam⌈umquamumquam orig. unquam⌉ alius, provectus diceretur, falsus forte ratione nominis, ut pro Gamara Gambara legendum putarim. Tuis vero litteris scrupus hic mihi ademptus est videoque non sine gratia apud eius Bona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌊maiestatem reginalemBona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌋ vixisse, cui mortuo tria illa verba: cf. Aug. Sol. 9 Nec enim possibilius est ei creare vermiculum quam angelum nec impossibilius extendere caelum quam folium nec levius formare capillum quam corpus nec difficilius fundare terram super aquas quam aquas fundare super terram sed omnia quaecumque voluit fecit in caelo et in terra in mari et in omnibus abyssis et me inter omnia sicut voluit potuit et scivit. ⌊scivit, voluit, potuitcf. Aug. Sol. 9 Nec enim possibilius est ei creare vermiculum quam angelum nec impossibilius extendere caelum quam folium nec levius formare capillum quam corpus nec difficilius fundare terram super aquas quam aquas fundare super terram sed omnia quaecumque voluit fecit in caelo et in terra in mari et in omnibus abyssis et me inter omnia sicut voluit potuit et scivit. ⌋ accomodari iusserit, magno sane UUB, H. 155, f. 130r argumento[85] non deesse Inhabitants of Poland ⌊PolonisInhabitants of Poland ⌋ ingenia, quae cf. Mart. 13.3.8 Praetereas, si quid non facit ad stomachum ⌊faciant ad stomachumcf. Mart. 13.3.8 Praetereas, si quid non facit ad stomachum ⌋ Italicum, quibuscumque ea gratia fuerit artibus comparata. Illus Miror, quod scribis tam diligenter illum in Apiciana schola versatum fuisse, arguit enim ea res non defuisse illi dexteritatem, qui hac in parte tantum excelluerit. At fabulae catastrophe ms. catastrophae(!) ⌈catastrophecatastrophe ms. catastrophae(!) ⌉ haud quaquam laudanda, id tamen est assecutus orig. assequutus⌈assecutusassecutus orig. assequutus⌉, quod plorabitur a creditoribus non falsis lacrimis orig. lachrimis⌈lacrimislacrimis orig. lachrimis⌉, praesertim orig. presertim⌈praesertimpraesertim orig. presertim⌉ si aliunde in illius opes fuit involatum, uti factum fuisse ais. Valeat igitur Piotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌊Sardanapalus according to Ctesias of Cnidus, the last king of Assyria, known for his decadence and promiscuity⌊SardanapalusSardanapalus according to Ctesias of Cnidus, the last king of Assyria, known for his decadence and promiscuity⌋ illePiotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌋, qui si verum habet eulogion, silentio praetereundus magis est quam commemorandus, monstrum hominis verius quam homo. Quae tamen in eundem orig. eumdem⌈eundemeundem orig. eumdem⌉ edita sunt cf. Pedro Ruiz de Moros, Carmen Fvnebre Petri Royzii Mavrei, Hispani Iurisconsulti, in obitu Illustris Petri Gamrati primae Sarmaticae sedis Episcopi, Cracow, Helena Unglerowa, 1545-09 ⌊epitaphiacf. Pedro Ruiz de Moros, Carmen Fvnebre Petri Royzii Mavrei, Hispani Iurisconsulti, in obitu Illustris Petri Gamrati primae Sarmaticae sedis Episcopi, Cracow, Helena Unglerowa, 1545-09 ⌋, digna sunt, quae non pereant, ut testentur nu written over o⌈ouu written over o⌉llo non saeculo orig. seculo⌈saeculosaeculo orig. seculo⌉ vixisse et insigniter probos et insigniter infames. Ignosce vero, quod in superioribus visus sim haerere orig. herere⌈haererehaerere orig. herere⌉ in eo, qui cum te familiarissime agere quemque unice ob virtutem complecti te scribis, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ ex iis, quae subiungis intelligam eum esse Samuel Maciejowski (*1499 – †1550), humanist and diplomat, one of the most trusted advisors to King Sigismund I and then to his son Sigismund II Augustus; from 1521 Canon of the Collegiate Chapter in Sandomierz, and from 1530 in Kielce; from 1531 Canon of Gniezno; from 1532 or 1533 to 1537 royal secretary (previously scribe at the royal chancellery); 1537-1539 Grand Secretary; 1539-1547 Crown Vice-Chancellor; 1539-1541 Bishop of Chełm; 1541-1545 Bishop of Płock; 1545-1550 Bishop of Cracow; 1547-1550 Crown Grand Chancellor; in 1532 royal envoy to Rome; in 1534 and 1538 royal envoy to the local diets (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 257-258; Urzędnicy 10, p. 184; PSB 19 Machowski - Maria Kazimiera, p. 64-69)⌊Samuelem nunc Cracoviensem episcopumSamuel Maciejowski (*1499 – †1550), humanist and diplomat, one of the most trusted advisors to King Sigismund I and then to his son Sigismund II Augustus; from 1521 Canon of the Collegiate Chapter in Sandomierz, and from 1530 in Kielce; from 1531 Canon of Gniezno; from 1532 or 1533 to 1537 royal secretary (previously scribe at the royal chancellery); 1537-1539 Grand Secretary; 1539-1547 Crown Vice-Chancellor; 1539-1541 Bishop of Chełm; 1541-1545 Bishop of Płock; 1545-1550 Bishop of Cracow; 1547-1550 Crown Grand Chancellor; in 1532 royal envoy to Rome; in 1534 and 1538 royal envoy to the local diets (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 257-258; Urzędnicy 10, p. 184; PSB 19 Machowski - Maria Kazimiera, p. 64-69)⌋ Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊regniPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ procancellarium, nisi me fallit iudicium. Quem virum et talem cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ Deus inclito orig. inclyto⌈inclitoinclito orig. inclyto⌉ Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊Poloniae regnoPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ dederit, non adeo clementiae orig. claementiae⌈clementiaeclementiae orig. claementiae⌉ suae oculos procul ab eo detorsisse videri potest, etiam si ceteri similes sint Piotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌊GamaratinoPiotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌋. Non enim in Sodom (Sodoma), city according to the Bible (the Book of Genesis) destroyed by God together with Gomorrah as a punishment for the sins of their citizens ⌊SodomisSodom (Sodoma), city according to the Bible (the Book of Genesis) destroyed by God together with Gomorrah as a punishment for the sins of their citizens ⌋ Deus magnum bonorum numerum requisivit, ut civitati parceret, si modo non solus ⌊Loth⌋ fuisset, qui ne superinscribed⌈nene superinscribed⌉ cf. Vulg. Gn 18.14 egressus itaque Loth locutus est ad generos suos / qui accepturi erant filias eius et dixit surgite egredimini de loco isto / quia delebit Dominus civitatem hanc / et visus est eis quasi ludens loqui ⌊generos quidem superinscribed⌈quidemquidem superinscribed⌉ habuit written over eret⌈eretuituit written over eret⌉ increduloscf. Vulg. Gn 18.14 egressus itaque Loth locutus est ad generos suos / qui accepturi erant filias eius et dixit surgite egredimini de loco isto / quia delebit Dominus civitatem hanc / et visus est eis quasi ludens loqui ⌋, ne quid ad exacerbandam divinam iracundiam deesset, et credibile est adhuc alios esse, qui etsi primas non obtineant, secundis tamen aut tertiis sedent subselliis.

Ex iis, quae supra scripsi, credo te nunc intelligere, quid voluerim, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ scriberem me arbitrari vestrates vicinorum amicitias externorum pollicitationibus esse praelaturos orig. prelaturos⌈praelaturospraelaturos orig. prelaturos⌉. Sciebam et written over au⌈auetet written over au⌉enim tunc, quid moliretur regina Poloniae encrypted ⌈regina Poloniaeregina Poloniae encrypted ⌉,[94] quid item rex Franciae encrypted ⌈rex Franciaerex Franciae encrypted ⌉[95] quamque id nullo vestro bono fieret, sed ob id tantum, ut omnia perturbarentur, nec me latebat devi<o>s a fide et protestantes per medium regis Franciae vobiscum tractare super liga contra caesarem et regem Romanorum encrypted ⌈devi<o>s a fide et protestantes per[96] medium regis Franciae[97] vobiscum tractare super liga contra[98] caesarem[99] et[100] regem Romanorumdevi<o>s a fide et protestantes per medium regis Franciae vobiscum tractare super liga contra caesarem et regem Romanorum encrypted ⌉,[101] ne quid deesset ad complementum maliciae, et, ut gens vestra civilibus inter Christianos bellis assuesceret, quoties illis videretur, possent ex vestratibus habere equitum levis armaturae sex milia, modo in singula capita sex daleros profunderent. In quo et consensisse regem iuniorem Poloniae. encrypted ⌈consensisse[102] regem iuniorem Poloniae.[103]consensisse regem iuniorem Poloniae. encrypted ⌉

Quae aenigmatice orig. aenygmatice⌈aenigmaticeaenigmatice orig. aenygmatice⌉ de vere et floribus, Persephone (Proserpine, Kore), daughter of Zeus and Demeter, wife of Hades⌊ProserpinaPersephone (Proserpine, Kore), daughter of Zeus and Demeter, wife of Hades⌋ et Cádiz (Gades), city and harbour in southwestern Spain, Andalusia⌊GadibusCádiz (Gades), city and harbour in southwestern Spain, Andalusia⌋ scribis, ea ita intelligo reginam Poloniae velle efficere matrimonium inter regem iuniorem Poloniae et filiam regis Franciae encrypted ⌈reginam Poloniae[104] velle efficere matrimonium inter[105] regem iuniorem Poloniae[106] et filiam[107] regis Franciae[108]reginam Poloniae velle efficere matrimonium inter regem iuniorem Poloniae et filiam regis Franciae encrypted ⌉, qua re parum movemur, nam rex Franciae ambit pro filia sua generum filium caesaris, a quo caesar non abhorret. encrypted ⌈rex Franciae[109] ambit pro filia sua generum filium[110] caesaris,[111] a quo[112] caesar[113] non abhorret.[114]rex Franciae ambit pro filia sua generum filium caesaris, a quo caesar non abhorret. encrypted ⌉

Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊CaesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ ex Maastricht (Traiectum ad Mosam, Traiectum Superius), city in the Low Countries, on the Meuse river, under joint sovereignty of the prince-bishop of Liège and the duke of Brabant, 29 km N of Liège, today in the southeastern Netherlands⌊Traiecto ad MosamMaastricht (Traiectum ad Mosam, Traiectum Superius), city in the Low Countries, on the Meuse river, under joint sovereignty of the prince-bishop of Liège and the duke of Brabant, 29 km N of Liège, today in the southeastern Netherlands⌋ solveret cumque orig. quumque⌈cumquecumque orig. quumque⌉ postea Luxembourg (Luxemburg), castle and city in the Duchy of Luxembourg⌊LuxemburgiLuxembourg (Luxemburg), castle and city in the Duchy of Luxembourg⌋ esset adornans profectionem ad Imperial Diet (Reichstag) ⌊conventum RatisbonensemImperial Diet (Reichstag) ⌋, optima fuit valetudine, verum mense Decembri et Ianuario praeteritis orig. preteritis⌈praeteritispraeteritis orig. preteritis⌉ laboravit aliquantulum podagra nec ulla fuit mentio in eius maiestatis aula de aliquo alio malo. Quod vero sit illud, quo iunior vestra regina periit encrypted ⌈Elisabeth of Austria (Elizabeth von Habsburg) (*1526 – †1545), Queen of Poland, Grand Duchess of Lithuania; first wife of Sigismund II August Jagiellon (1543-1545), daughter of Ferdinand I of Habsburg, and Anna Jagiellon⌊iunior vestra reginaElisabeth of Austria (Elizabeth von Habsburg) (*1526 – †1545), Queen of Poland, Grand Duchess of Lithuania; first wife of Sigismund II August Jagiellon (1543-1545), daughter of Ferdinand I of Habsburg, and Anna Jagiellon⌋ periit[115]iunior vestra regina periit encrypted ⌉, aveo scire.

Worms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌊WormatiaeWorms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌋ audio sine fructu tractatum fuisse. Quid Regensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌊RatisbonaeRegensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌋ fiet, eventus declarabit. Audimus hic Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ Speyer (Spira), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river, 25 km S of Mannheim⌊SpyraSpeyer (Spira), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river, 25 km S of Mannheim⌋ transiret, cum Philip I of Hesse der Großmütige (*1504 – †1567), 1509-1567 Landgrave of Hesse, actually in power from 1518; son of Wilhelm II of Hesse and Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, married to Christine of Saxony (daughter of Georg, Duke of Saxony), protector of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany, one of the leaders of the Schmalkaldic League (taken prisoner by emperor Charles V of Habsburg after the defeat at Mühlberg in 1547, but released in 1552) (ADB, 25, p. 765-783)⌊lantgravio HassiaePhilip I of Hesse der Großmütige (*1504 – †1567), 1509-1567 Landgrave of Hesse, actually in power from 1518; son of Wilhelm II of Hesse and Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, married to Christine of Saxony (daughter of Georg, Duke of Saxony), protector of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany, one of the leaders of the Schmalkaldic League (taken prisoner by emperor Charles V of Habsburg after the defeat at Mühlberg in 1547, but released in 1552) (ADB, 25, p. 765-783)⌋ fuisse diu collocutum orig. colloquutum⌈collocutumcollocutum orig. colloquutum⌉ atque item cum illustrissimo Friedrich II of Wittelsbach der Weise (*1482 – †1556), Count Palatine of the Rhine, Elector of Pfalz (1544-1556); in 1529 and 1532 the Commander in Chief of the imperial army; son of Philipp der Aufrichtige, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (NDB, Bd. 5, p. 528-530)⌊electore palatinoFriedrich II of Wittelsbach der Weise (*1482 – †1556), Count Palatine of the Rhine, Elector of Pfalz (1544-1556); in 1529 and 1532 the Commander in Chief of the imperial army; son of Philipp der Aufrichtige, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (NDB, Bd. 5, p. 528-530)⌋, sed quibus de rebus, incertum. Utinam huiusmodi colloquia pacem aliquam firmam et solidam inducere queant, ut The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ conatibus obviam eatur.

De quadrimestri ducis Prussiae encrypted ⌈ducis Prussiae[116]ducis Prussiae encrypted ⌉ mora in Germania encrypted ⌈in Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniaGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋in Germania encrypted ⌉[117] nihil boni ominor. Sane necessum est cf. Adagia 3.3.4 sub omni lapide scorpius dormit ⌊sub illo saxo aliquem latere scorpiumcf. Adagia 3.3.4 sub omni lapide scorpius dormit ⌋, adeo satagunt protestantes rerum suarum fierique non potest, quin gravia alia moliantur aliquando in lucem eruptura.

De captivitate miserabilis ducis Heinrich II of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel der Jüngere (*1489 – †1568), 1514-1568 Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg⌊Henrici BrunswicensisHeinrich II of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel der Jüngere (*1489 – †1568), 1514-1568 Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg⌋ variant sententiae. Alii fidem protestantium accusant dicuntque contra promissa captum, alii ipsius facilitati et credulitati fortunam hanc imputant, quod inconsiderate orig. inconsyderate⌈inconsiderateinconsiderate orig. inconsyderate⌉ nimium sese hostium suorum fidei crediderit, alii necessitatem incusant, quod defectu stipendii miles in officio UUB, H. 155, f. 132r diutius[118] contieri non potuit, hinc desperatione ductum et ne ab illis hostium potestati dederetur, praevenisse orig. prevenisse⌈praevenissepraevenisse orig. prevenisse⌉. Sane constat in Heinrich II of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel der Jüngere (*1489 – †1568), 1514-1568 Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg⌊ipsiusHeinrich II of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel der Jüngere (*1489 – †1568), 1514-1568 Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg⌋ castris fuisse cohortium ductores annuo stipendio adversae parti obaeratos, quod mirum non est, militem enim nulli written over o⌈oii written over o⌉ adhuc domino addictum, sed exspectantem a Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊Gallorum regeFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ stipendium. Heinrich II of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel der Jüngere (*1489 – †1568), 1514-1568 Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg⌊IpseHeinrich II of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel der Jüngere (*1489 – †1568), 1514-1568 Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg⌋ egenus et extrema tentare volens quibusdam ex ductoribus pecunia corruptus variis artibus impulit, ut, donec ea pecunia afferretur orig. adferretur⌈afferreturafferretur orig. adferretur⌉, sibi extorri adessent in recuperatione amissae ditionis suae, ita tamen, ne hoc praetextu orig. pretextu⌈praetextupraetextu orig. pretextu⌉ adversus provincias eorum, qui eum deiecerant, ducerentur, se illis ita addictos, ut adversus eos militare nulla vellent ratione. Quo factum est, ut cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ illi suas quoque copias contraxissent copiamque pugnae facerent, haud quaquam illi tutum fuerit de eventu periclitari. Nec desunt, qui ducem Moritz of Saxony (Moritz von Wettin) (*1521 – †1553), 1541-1547 Duke of Saxony, 1547-1553 Elector of Saxony; initially he was a supporter of his cousin Johann Friedrich von Wettin, leader of the German Protestants, but in 1542 they fell into conflict, and Moritz joined the imperial party. During the Schmalkaldic war, he supported Emperor Charles V. In 1552 he led a rebellion against the Emperor⌊Mauricium SaxoniaeMoritz of Saxony (Moritz von Wettin) (*1521 – †1553), 1541-1547 Duke of Saxony, 1547-1553 Elector of Saxony; initially he was a supporter of his cousin Johann Friedrich von Wettin, leader of the German Protestants, but in 1542 they fell into conflict, and Moritz joined the imperial party. During the Schmalkaldic war, he supported Emperor Charles V. In 1552 he led a rebellion against the Emperor⌋ incusent, quod ille se quasi fideiussorem pro aliis praebuisse dicatur, fore, ut si se aliorum arbitrio crederet, ditio ei integra sub paucis iisque tolerabilibus condicionibus orig. conditionibus⌈condicionibuscondicionibus orig. conditionibus⌉ restitueretur, illum huiusmodi assertioni confisum de spe decidisse.

Reverendissimo et illustrissimo domino Georg of Austria (*1504 – †1557), illegitimate son of Emperor Maximilian I; from 1526-04-09 untill 1539 Bishop of Brixen (Bressanone); from 1539-01-12 priest of Valencia, from 1539-04-08 Archbishop of Valencia, from 1544-08-16 Bishop of Liège⌊Georgio ab AustriaGeorg of Austria (*1504 – †1557), illegitimate son of Emperor Maximilian I; from 1526-04-09 untill 1539 Bishop of Brixen (Bressanone); from 1539-01-12 priest of Valencia, from 1539-04-08 Archbishop of Valencia, from 1544-08-16 Bishop of Liège⌋ episcopo Leodiensi ex England⌊AngliaEngland⌋ reversus post Pascha orig. Passcha⌈PaschaPascha orig. Passcha⌉[122] tuas dedi cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Georg of Austria probably 1545 between October 13 and December, CIDTC IDL 6888, letter lost⌊litterascf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Georg of Austria probably 1545 between October 13 and December, CIDTC IDL 6888, letter lost⌋, quas summa cum hilaritate orig. hylaritate⌈hilaritatehilaritate orig. hylaritate⌉ recepit et ad eas se cf. Georg of Austria to Ioannes DANTISCUS Liège, 1546-11-26, CIDTC IDL 4206, probably⌊responsurumcf. Georg of Austria to Ioannes DANTISCUS Liège, 1546-11-26, CIDTC IDL 4206, probably⌋ esse pollicitus est, sed ab eo tempore mihi non est visus. Neque enim multo post, quam reversus essem ex England⌊AngliaEngland⌋, in Zeeland (Zealand, Selandia), county in the Low Countries, belonging to the Habsburg Netherlands, with Middleburg as its capital. It covers the islands in the estuary of the Schelde (Scheldt) and Maas (Meuse) rivers, today a province of the Netherlands⌊ZelandiamZeeland (Zealand, Selandia), county in the Low Countries, belonging to the Habsburg Netherlands, with Middleburg as its capital. It covers the islands in the estuary of the Schelde (Scheldt) and Maas (Meuse) rivers, today a province of the Netherlands⌋ remissus sum fama adventus quarundam orig. quarumdam⌈quarundamquarundam orig. quarumdam⌉ triremium Gallicarum in insulam Walcheren (Valachria), island in the estuary of the river Schelde (Scheldt), part of the County of Zeeland, today in the Netherlands⌊ValachriamWalcheren (Valachria), island in the estuary of the river Schelde (Scheldt), part of the County of Zeeland, today in the Netherlands⌋, sive insulae illius explorandae studio, sive tempestatis magnitudine adactae, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ in Atlantic Ocean⌊OceanumAtlantic Ocean⌋ ex English Channel (La Manche ), area the body of water between southern England and northern France, joining the southern part of the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean⌊fretoEnglish Channel (La Manche ), area the body of water between southern England and northern France, joining the southern part of the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean⌋, quod France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊GalliamFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ inter et England⌊AngliamEngland⌋ iacet, abreptas Lybonothus vehementior alioqui in Scotland⌊ScotiamScotland⌋ Norway⌊NorwegiamNorway⌋que propulisset. Utcumque sit, ad invisum hactenus navis genus longeque a nostratibus diversum principio perturbati sunt insulanorum animi media in pace degentium, tum suspicio orig. suspitio⌈suspiciosuspicio orig. suspitio⌉ accessit, ne plures eo confluerent, erant enim aliae viginiti quinque in English Channel (La Manche ), area the body of water between southern England and northern France, joining the southern part of the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean⌊fretoEnglish Channel (La Manche ), area the body of water between southern England and northern France, joining the southern part of the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean⌋ adversum The English (Angli) ⌊AnglosThe English (Angli) ⌋ et numquam non debent nobis suspecti esse The French ⌊FrancorumThe French ⌋ conatus. At supervenientibus illustri domino Maximiliaan of Burgundy (*1514 – †1558), son of Adolf of Burgundy and Anna of Bergen; married in 1542 to Louise de Croÿ, daughter of Philippe II de Croÿ, Duke of Aarschot; Marquis of Veere and Lord of Beveren, 1540 Admiral of the Habsburg Netherlands (succeeded his deceased father, 1547-1558 Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht⌊Maximiliano a BurgundiaMaximiliaan of Burgundy (*1514 – †1558), son of Adolf of Burgundy and Anna of Bergen; married in 1542 to Louise de Croÿ, daughter of Philippe II de Croÿ, Duke of Aarschot; Marquis of Veere and Lord of Beveren, 1540 Admiral of the Habsburg Netherlands (succeeded his deceased father, 1547-1558 Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht⌋ domino a Beveris et me facile coaluere insulanis fiducia sui et contemptus The French ⌊FrancorumThe French ⌋, qui nihil hostile moliti et a nobis amice habiti post octo dies abiere nec multo post inter The French ⌊eosThe French ⌋ The English (Angli) ⌊AnglosThe English (Angli) ⌋que pax coaluit.

Illustri Louis of Flanders Lord of Praet (a Prato, de Prato, Lodewijk van Praet, Pratensis, Ludovicus a Flandria, Louis de Flandres Seigneur de Praet, Cat(h)o) (*1488 – †1555), diplomat and politician in the service of the Habsburgs, friend and patron of many scholars and writers, admirer of Erasmus of Rotterdam; 1515-1522 High-Bailiff of the city of Ghent, 1523-1549 - of Bruges, 1517 member of the Privy Council of Charles V, 1522-1525 resident ambassador in England, 1525 ambassador at the court of the regent of France, Louise of Savoy, 1530 Chamberlain to the Emperor, 1536 member of the Council of State (as a close adviser to Regent Mary of Hungary); 1540 head of the Finance Council; 1544 Governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 41-42; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 38-39; DBE, vol. 20, p. 174-176)⌊domino PratensiLouis of Flanders Lord of Praet (a Prato, de Prato, Lodewijk van Praet, Pratensis, Ludovicus a Flandria, Louis de Flandres Seigneur de Praet, Cat(h)o) (*1488 – †1555), diplomat and politician in the service of the Habsburgs, friend and patron of many scholars and writers, admirer of Erasmus of Rotterdam; 1515-1522 High-Bailiff of the city of Ghent, 1523-1549 - of Bruges, 1517 member of the Privy Council of Charles V, 1522-1525 resident ambassador in England, 1525 ambassador at the court of the regent of France, Louise of Savoy, 1530 Chamberlain to the Emperor, 1536 member of the Council of State (as a close adviser to Regent Mary of Hungary); 1540 head of the Finance Council; 1544 Governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 41-42; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 38-39; DBE, vol. 20, p. 174-176)⌋ tuo nomine plurimam dixi salutem. Louis of Flanders Lord of Praet (a Prato, de Prato, Lodewijk van Praet, Pratensis, Ludovicus a Flandria, Louis de Flandres Seigneur de Praet, Cat(h)o) (*1488 – †1555), diplomat and politician in the service of the Habsburgs, friend and patron of many scholars and writers, admirer of Erasmus of Rotterdam; 1515-1522 High-Bailiff of the city of Ghent, 1523-1549 - of Bruges, 1517 member of the Privy Council of Charles V, 1522-1525 resident ambassador in England, 1525 ambassador at the court of the regent of France, Louise of Savoy, 1530 Chamberlain to the Emperor, 1536 member of the Council of State (as a close adviser to Regent Mary of Hungary); 1540 head of the Finance Council; 1544 Governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 41-42; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 38-39; DBE, vol. 20, p. 174-176)⌊IsLouis of Flanders Lord of Praet (a Prato, de Prato, Lodewijk van Praet, Pratensis, Ludovicus a Flandria, Louis de Flandres Seigneur de Praet, Cat(h)o) (*1488 – †1555), diplomat and politician in the service of the Habsburgs, friend and patron of many scholars and writers, admirer of Erasmus of Rotterdam; 1515-1522 High-Bailiff of the city of Ghent, 1523-1549 - of Bruges, 1517 member of the Privy Council of Charles V, 1522-1525 resident ambassador in England, 1525 ambassador at the court of the regent of France, Louise of Savoy, 1530 Chamberlain to the Emperor, 1536 member of the Council of State (as a close adviser to Regent Mary of Hungary); 1540 head of the Finance Council; 1544 Governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 41-42; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 38-39; DBE, vol. 20, p. 174-176)⌋ vicissim resalutat et bona apprecatur omnia. Praeter Louis of Flanders Lord of Praet (a Prato, de Prato, Lodewijk van Praet, Pratensis, Ludovicus a Flandria, Louis de Flandres Seigneur de Praet, Cat(h)o) (*1488 – †1555), diplomat and politician in the service of the Habsburgs, friend and patron of many scholars and writers, admirer of Erasmus of Rotterdam; 1515-1522 High-Bailiff of the city of Ghent, 1523-1549 - of Bruges, 1517 member of the Privy Council of Charles V, 1522-1525 resident ambassador in England, 1525 ambassador at the court of the regent of France, Louise of Savoy, 1530 Chamberlain to the Emperor, 1536 member of the Council of State (as a close adviser to Regent Mary of Hungary); 1540 head of the Finance Council; 1544 Governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 41-42; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 38-39; DBE, vol. 20, p. 174-176)⌊huncLouis of Flanders Lord of Praet (a Prato, de Prato, Lodewijk van Praet, Pratensis, Ludovicus a Flandria, Louis de Flandres Seigneur de Praet, Cat(h)o) (*1488 – †1555), diplomat and politician in the service of the Habsburgs, friend and patron of many scholars and writers, admirer of Erasmus of Rotterdam; 1515-1522 High-Bailiff of the city of Ghent, 1523-1549 - of Bruges, 1517 member of the Privy Council of Charles V, 1522-1525 resident ambassador in England, 1525 ambassador at the court of the regent of France, Louise of Savoy, 1530 Chamberlain to the Emperor, 1536 member of the Council of State (as a close adviser to Regent Mary of Hungary); 1540 head of the Finance Council; 1544 Governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 41-42; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 38-39; DBE, vol. 20, p. 174-176)⌋ ex veteranis caesareis, quibuscum nobis olim consuetudo familiarior fuit, superest nullus dominis de Claude Bouton (*1473 or 1474 – †1556), Lord of Corbaron; poet and diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; member of the Council of State under Charles V, Captain of the Guard and Master of the Household to Phillip, Emperor Maximilian's son, and later to Ferdinand of Austria (BRANDI Kaiser, p. 33; MARY 1967, p. 407)⌊CourbaronClaude Bouton (*1473 or 1474 – †1556), Lord of Corbaron; poet and diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; member of the Council of State under Charles V, Captain of the Guard and Master of the Household to Phillip, Emperor Maximilian's son, and later to Ferdinand of Austria (BRANDI Kaiser, p. 33; MARY 1967, p. 407)⌋ et Jean de Montmorency (†1563)⌊CourrieresJean de Montmorency (†1563)⌋ semotis.

Francis van der Dilft (Delft) (†1550), from 1519 student at the University of Louvain (where he attended the lectures of Conradus Goclenius in the Collegium Trilingue); in 1524 accepted into Erasmus' household; from 1530 in the service of Alonso de Fonseca, Archbishop of Toledo; from 1536 at the Spanish court of Charles V; 1544-1550 ambassador of Emperor Charles V to England (KOHLER 2000, p. 140; CE, vol. 1, p. 392-393)⌊DylfusFrancis van der Dilft (Delft) (†1550), from 1519 student at the University of Louvain (where he attended the lectures of Conradus Goclenius in the Collegium Trilingue); in 1524 accepted into Erasmus' household; from 1530 in the service of Alonso de Fonseca, Archbishop of Toledo; from 1536 at the Spanish court of Charles V; 1544-1550 ambassador of Emperor Charles V to England (KOHLER 2000, p. 140; CE, vol. 1, p. 392-393)⌋ adhuc agit in England⌊AngliaEngland⌋, cui provinciae per triennium deputatus est. Francis van der Dilft (Delft) (†1550), from 1519 student at the University of Louvain (where he attended the lectures of Conradus Goclenius in the Collegium Trilingue); in 1524 accepted into Erasmus' household; from 1530 in the service of Alonso de Fonseca, Archbishop of Toledo; from 1536 at the Spanish court of Charles V; 1544-1550 ambassador of Emperor Charles V to England (KOHLER 2000, p. 140; CE, vol. 1, p. 392-393)⌊IsFrancis van der Dilft (Delft) (†1550), from 1519 student at the University of Louvain (where he attended the lectures of Conradus Goclenius in the Collegium Trilingue); in 1524 accepted into Erasmus' household; from 1530 in the service of Alonso de Fonseca, Archbishop of Toledo; from 1536 at the Spanish court of Charles V; 1544-1550 ambassador of Emperor Charles V to England (KOHLER 2000, p. 140; CE, vol. 1, p. 392-393)⌋ podagrae febrisque doloribus vexatus meritam habet, quominus scripserit hactenus, excusationem, quamquam alioqui in hoc officii genere perquam diligens et sincerus orig. syncerus⌈sincerussincerus orig. syncerus⌉ amicus.

Quod in scribendo tibi accidit, idem mihi usui venit, ut non uno tempore scripserim, sed fuerit interrupta subinde manus urgentibus do UUB, H. 155, f. 133v mesticis aut aulicis[123] negotiis orig. negociis⌈negotiisnegotiis orig. negociis⌉. Fratribus tuis dominis Bernhard von Höfen (Bernhard Flachsbinder) (†after 1548), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother, stayed with Dantiscus in Spain, as a member of his mission's retinue, and was used as a trusted courier to Poland at least from 1526; after 1530 Starost of Löbau⌊BernardoBernhard von Höfen (Bernhard Flachsbinder) (†after 1548), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother, stayed with Dantiscus in Spain, as a member of his mission's retinue, and was used as a trusted courier to Poland at least from 1526; after 1530 Starost of Löbau⌋ et Georg von Höfen (Georg Flachsbinder, Georgius de Curiis) (†after 1550-02-07), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother; Starosta of Rössel (HARTMANN 1525-1550, No. 584, 586, 588; AGAD, MK, 77, f. 385-386v)⌊GeorgioGeorg von Höfen (Georg Flachsbinder, Georgius de Curiis) (†after 1550-02-07), Ioannes Dantiscus' brother; Starosta of Rössel (HARTMANN 1525-1550, No. 584, 586, 588; AGAD, MK, 77, f. 385-386v)⌋ uti amicissimis mihi fratribus felcitatem orig. foelcitatem⌈felcitatemfelcitatem orig. foelcitatem⌉ apprecor eam, quam mihimet meisque, et Deum precor, ut in hac vita et in altera votorum illos compotes faciat, idem etiam ut assequantur Anna von Höfen (Anna Reyneck, Anna Flachsbinder), sister of Ioannes Dantiscus, wife of Johann Hannau Sr and, after his death, of Johann Reyneck

Catherina von Höfen Dantiscus' sister, 1538-11-17 married Hans Glaubitz (CIDTC, IDL 5205; IDL 2425; IDL 4399)

Ursula von Höfen (Ursula Flachsbinder), Dantiscus’ sister, wife of Johann Reisen, mother of Justine, Ursule, and Augustin; then wife of Zacharias Lehmann, mother of Johann Lehmann⌊sororesAnna von Höfen (Anna Reyneck, Anna Flachsbinder), sister of Ioannes Dantiscus, wife of Johann Hannau Sr and, after his death, of Johann Reyneck

Catherina von Höfen Dantiscus' sister, 1538-11-17 married Hans Glaubitz (CIDTC, IDL 5205; IDL 2425; IDL 4399)

Ursula von Höfen (Ursula Flachsbinder), Dantiscus’ sister, wife of Johann Reisen, mother of Justine, Ursule, and Augustin; then wife of Zacharias Lehmann, mother of Johann Lehmann⌋, neptes nepotesque tui, quibus singularem asscribo salutem et commendationem mei.

Structuram Ghent (Gent, Gand, Gandavum), city in the Low Countries, the County of Flanders, today in Belgium⌊castri GandensisGhent (Gent, Gand, Gandavum), city in the Low Countries, the County of Flanders, today in Belgium⌋ cum tempore fieri curaturus sum. Est sane opus ingens et plane caesareum. Talis est rerum vicissitudo. Ante mille annos constructa fuit eo loci arx, quae postea gente nostra per Amand of Maastricht (Amand of Ghent) (*ca. 584 – †ca. 679), Saint, Bishop of Maastricht; christianized Ghent and Flanders; founder of the abbeys of St. Peter and St. Bravo in Ghent⌊divum AmandumAmand of Maastricht (Amand of Ghent) (*ca. 584 – †ca. 679), Saint, Bishop of Maastricht; christianized Ghent and Flanders; founder of the abbeys of St. Peter and St. Bravo in Ghent⌋ ad fidem Christi conversa in monasterii usum cessit, cui Bavo of Ghent, Saint (Baaf, Bavonius, Allowin van Haspengouw) (†654)⌊divus BavoBavo of Ghent, Saint (Baaf, Bavonius, Allowin van Haspengouw) (†654)⌋ Haspengouw (Hasbania, Hesbaye, Hesbania), area in the Prince-Bishopric of Liège , today in Belgium⌊HasbaniaeHaspengouw (Hasbania, Hesbaye, Hesbania), area in the Prince-Bishopric of Liège , today in Belgium⌋ (quae nunc est Prince-Bishopric of Liège (Episcopatus Leodiensis), diocese, and ecclesiastic state in the Low Countries, part of the Holy Roman Empire, today part of Belgium and the Netherlands⌊Leodiensis dioceseosPrince-Bishopric of Liège (Episcopatus Leodiensis), diocese, and ecclesiastic state in the Low Countries, part of the Holy Roman Empire, today part of Belgium and the Netherlands⌋ fertilissima pars) comes ex praedone orig. predone⌈praedonepraedone orig. predone⌉ monachus factus summa praefuit orig. prefuit⌈praefuitpraefuit orig. prefuit⌉ cum sanctitate. Et nunc rursum locus ille in formam arcis redactus est monachis mutatis in Ghent Chapter ⌊canonicosGhent Chapter ⌋ atque ad Collegium Divi Ioannis transmissis, ubi nunc divinum officium devotissime celebratur. Ceterum Lucas Munich from 1535 the Abbot of the Benedictine Monastery of St. Bavo in Ghent, after its transformation (1537) into the secular chapter of St. John (from 1559 the cathedral chapter of St. Bavo), he was the first provost of the chapter, holding the position till until 1559⌊abbatiLucas Munich from 1535 the Abbot of the Benedictine Monastery of St. Bavo in Ghent, after its transformation (1537) into the secular chapter of St. John (from 1559 the cathedral chapter of St. Bavo), he was the first provost of the chapter, holding the position till until 1559⌋, qui hanc mutationem aliquot annis prius, quam de castro ibi struendo Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ cogitavit, Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊Romae orig. Rhomae⌈RomaeRomae orig. Rhomae⌉Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋ procuraverat volens ex monachis canonicos facere, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ alii ex canonicis mallent monachos, digno praemio orig. premio⌈praemiopraemio orig. premio⌉ affectus est, gestare enim solus cucullam cogitur. Sed qui Lucas Munich from 1535 the Abbot of the Benedictine Monastery of St. Bavo in Ghent, after its transformation (1537) into the secular chapter of St. John (from 1559 the cathedral chapter of St. Bavo), he was the first provost of the chapter, holding the position till until 1559⌊illoLucas Munich from 1535 the Abbot of the Benedictine Monastery of St. Bavo in Ghent, after its transformation (1537) into the secular chapter of St. John (from 1559 the cathedral chapter of St. Bavo), he was the first provost of the chapter, holding the position till until 1559⌋ defuncto successurus est in dignitatem, is non abbas aut cucullatus erit, sed propositus vocabitur incedetque, quo alii, habitu.

Arendt Sturm (*ca. 1466 – †after 1546), he belonged to a patrician family, of which several members held offices in the city magistrate; he was Dantiscus' host when he stayed in Ghent in 1531; under-bailiff in Ghent (L'ESPINOY, p. 190)⌊HospesArendt Sturm (*ca. 1466 – †after 1546), he belonged to a patrician family, of which several members held offices in the city magistrate; he was Dantiscus' host when he stayed in Ghent in 1531; under-bailiff in Ghent (L'ESPINOY, p. 190)⌋ tuus Ghent (Gent, Gand, Gandavum), city in the Low Countries, the County of Flanders, today in Belgium⌊GandaviGhent (Gent, Gand, Gandavum), city in the Low Countries, the County of Flanders, today in Belgium⌋ adhuc superest, quantumvis senex. Michiel De Vriendt (Michael Vrindius), oeconomus of Ioannes Dantiscus during his stay at the imperial court in the Netherlands; nephew of Arendt Sturm (CIDTC, IDL 690, IDL 708, IDL 760, IDL 763, IDL 1356, IDL 597, IDL 2989, IDT 176)⌊Michael de VriendtMichiel De Vriendt (Michael Vrindius), oeconomus of Ioannes Dantiscus during his stay at the imperial court in the Netherlands; nephew of Arendt Sturm (CIDTC, IDL 690, IDL 708, IDL 760, IDL 763, IDL 1356, IDL 597, IDL 2989, IDT 176)⌋ Wife of Michiel DE VRIENDT ⌊uxoremWife of Michiel DE VRIENDT ⌋ duxit, dominus Frans van der Gracht (des Fosses, a Fossis), Lord of Leeuwergem and Moorsele, Lord of Schardauw, 1522-1535 High-Bailiff of Flanders (L'ESPINOY, p. 186, 288)⌊ScardauwFrans van der Gracht (des Fosses, a Fossis), Lord of Leeuwergem and Moorsele, Lord of Schardauw, 1522-1535 High-Bailiff of Flanders (L'ESPINOY, p. 186, 288)⌋, Wouter IV van der Gracht (Gautier) (*1492 – †1554), son of Diederik (Thierry) van der Gracht (1454-ca. 1500), lord of Ter Gracht, Moorsele, Heule and Axel, Burgrave of Kortrijk; lord of Ter Gracht, Heule and Moorslede⌊dominus de HueleWouter IV van der Gracht (Gautier) (*1492 – †1554), son of Diederik (Thierry) van der Gracht (1454-ca. 1500), lord of Ter Gracht, Moorsele, Heule and Axel, Burgrave of Kortrijk; lord of Ter Gracht, Heule and Moorslede⌋, dominus Karel Uutenhove (Karel Utenhove) (*before 1524 – †after September 1577)⌊Carolus UtenhoviusKarel Uutenhove (Karel Utenhove) (*before 1524 – †after September 1577)⌋ adhuc supersunt atque Gerard van Cuelsbrouck (Gerardus V Cuelsbrouck) (†1555), Host of the exiled King Christian II of Denmark and his spouse Isabella of Austria; Abbot of St. Peter's in Ghent (SANDERUS 1627, Liber IV, P. 324-330; DE BUSSCHER 1867, p. 132)⌊abbas Sancti PetriGerard van Cuelsbrouck (Gerardus V Cuelsbrouck) (†1555), Host of the exiled King Christian II of Denmark and his spouse Isabella of Austria; Abbot of St. Peter's in Ghent (SANDERUS 1627, Liber IV, P. 324-330; DE BUSSCHER 1867, p. 132)⌋, item Triest, servant of Ioannes DANTISCUS ⌊TriestTriest, servant of Ioannes DANTISCUS ⌋, qui tibi inservivit, atque haud scio, an plures. Eorum nonnulli ruri familiam curant postpositis urbanis curis, uti dominus probably Daniel De Heulle (Daniel van Heule) (†1540)⌊de Hueleprobably Daniel De Heulle (Daniel van Heule) (†1540)⌋ et Karel Uutenhove (Karel Utenhove) (*before 1524 – †after September 1577)⌊Carolus UtenhoviusKarel Uutenhove (Karel Utenhove) (*before 1524 – †after September 1577)⌋. Vivit et non procul inde dominus Iacobus de Scorisse ⌊Iacobus de ScorisseIacobus de Scorisse ⌋ dominus de Beveres naso porcino, quem nosti, qui relicta tandem militia uxorem duxit filiamque unicam habet. Iacobus de Scorisse ⌊IsIacobus de Scorisse ⌋ nuper de te me percunctatus est precatusque, ut suo nomine plurimam salutem et sui commendationem asscriberem. Adolphus de Scornaco In 1526 he followed Cornelis De Schepper to Spain and there entered the service of Emperor Charles V. After his return to the Netherlands in 1533, Scornaco went to Rome (1534); 1546 canon at the St. Servatius Chapter in Maastricht (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 242)⌊Adolphus vero a ScornacoAdolphus de Scornaco In 1526 he followed Cornelis De Schepper to Spain and there entered the service of Emperor Charles V. After his return to the Netherlands in 1533, Scornaco went to Rome (1534); 1546 canon at the St. Servatius Chapter in Maastricht (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 242)⌋, qui et bacularius quondam meus tandem evasit in doctorem atque effectus canonicus Traiectensis ad Mosam sua sorte contentus philosophatur ab ambitione et cupiditate vacuus. Solus Lieven Algoet (Livinus Panagathus, Livinus Omnibonus, Levinus Goethals) (†1547), Dutch humanist, poet and cartographer, author of an account of the Augsburg Diet (1530), in 1519 entered the service of Erasmus of Rotterdam, in 1534 became a preceptor of young courtiers at the court of Mary of Hungary (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 53, 371; CE, vol. 1, p. 35-36)⌊Levinus PanagathusLieven Algoet (Livinus Panagathus, Livinus Omnibonus, Levinus Goethals) (†1547), Dutch humanist, poet and cartographer, author of an account of the Augsburg Diet (1530), in 1519 entered the service of Erasmus of Rotterdam, in 1534 became a preceptor of young courtiers at the court of Mary of Hungary (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 53, 371; CE, vol. 1, p. 35-36)⌋ aulae immoritur orig. inmoritur⌈immoriturimmoritur orig. inmoritur⌉ taedio, uti multi putant, Wife of Lieven ALGOET ⌊uxorisWife of Lieven ALGOET ⌋, quae UUB, H. 155, f. 134r parum honesta[124] agit fama.

Dominus Wolfgang (Wolf) Haller von Hallerstein (*1492 – †1559), Fuggers' factor in Antwerp and their chief representative in Spain, financial advisor to Emperor Charles V and mediator for the financing of his election, from 1531 General Treasurer of the Netherands under regent Queen Mary of Hungary; Fuggers' factor (MUFFAT, p. 97)⌊Wolfgangus HallerWolfgang (Wolf) Haller von Hallerstein (*1492 – †1559), Fuggers' factor in Antwerp and their chief representative in Spain, financial advisor to Emperor Charles V and mediator for the financing of his election, from 1531 General Treasurer of the Netherands under regent Queen Mary of Hungary; Fuggers' factor (MUFFAT, p. 97)⌋ recte valet factusque est oeconomus serenissimae Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊reginae MariaeMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋ proque eius sollicitandis negotiis orig. negociis⌈negotiisnegotiis orig. negociis⌉ crebro fuit in Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊HungariaHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋, et nunc quoque propter eadem Regensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌊RatisbonaeRegensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌋ agit apud Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋. Liberos habet ex Wife of Wolfgang HALLER von Hallerstein ⌊uxoreWife of Wolfgang HALLER von Hallerstein ⌋ superstite quinque, unum scilicet filium et filias quattuor.

De Hermann von Wied (*1477 – †1552), in 1546 deposed from the archbishopric of Köln by Pope Paul III for disobedience and encouraging Protestantism in his diocese. His brother Johann III von Wied-Runkel in 1506 married Elisabeth of Nassau-Dillenburg, sister of Count Henry III of Nassau-Breda; 1490 Canon in Köln, 1503 Canon at the chapter of St Gereon's (Köln) and Chancellor of Archbishop Hermann von Hessen, 1515-1546 Archbishop and Elector of Köln, 1532 administrator of the Paderborn diocese (CE, vol. 3, p. 444-446; Fides, p. 78)⌊Coloniensi archiepiscopoHermann von Wied (*1477 – †1552), in 1546 deposed from the archbishopric of Köln by Pope Paul III for disobedience and encouraging Protestantism in his diocese. His brother Johann III von Wied-Runkel in 1506 married Elisabeth of Nassau-Dillenburg, sister of Count Henry III of Nassau-Breda; 1490 Canon in Köln, 1503 Canon at the chapter of St Gereon's (Köln) and Chancellor of Archbishop Hermann von Hessen, 1515-1546 Archbishop and Elector of Köln, 1532 administrator of the Paderborn diocese (CE, vol. 3, p. 444-446; Fides, p. 78)⌋ nihil audio memorabile, nisi quod ubique suam seminat orig. saeminat⌈seminatseminat orig. saeminat⌉ reformationem, quam nescio, an videris, si tamen non vidisti, mitto ad te videndam, prodiit, uti audio, ex officina Bucheriana, e qua nihil boni prodire posse mihi persuasissimum habeo.

Reverendissimo Albrecht of Brandenburg (Albrecht von Hohenzollern) (*1490 – †1545), 1499-1545 co-Margrave of Brandenburg (together with his brother Joachim I Nestor), 1513-1545 Archbishop of Magdeburg, 1514-1545 Elector and Archbishop of Mayence, 1518 elevated to cardinal; son of Johann Cicero, Prince-Elector of Brandenburg, and Margarete of Saxony (daughter of Wilhelm III von Sachsen)⌊cardinali MoguntinoAlbrecht of Brandenburg (Albrecht von Hohenzollern) (*1490 – †1545), 1499-1545 co-Margrave of Brandenburg (together with his brother Joachim I Nestor), 1513-1545 Archbishop of Magdeburg, 1514-1545 Elector and Archbishop of Mayence, 1518 elevated to cardinal; son of Johann Cicero, Prince-Elector of Brandenburg, and Margarete of Saxony (daughter of Wilhelm III von Sachsen)⌋ successit in sedem Sebastian von Heusenstamm (*1508 – †1555), 1546-1555 archbishop of Mainz⌊quidam ex canonicisSebastian von Heusenstamm (*1508 – †1555), 1546-1555 archbishop of Mainz⌋ ex familia nobilium de Hawssenstein, qui Walter von Heusenstamm Knight of the Teutonic Order, 1540 Commander in Koblenz, 1545 Hereditary Marshal of Mayence (NDB, vol. 24, p. 108-109)⌊fratremWalter von Heusenstamm Knight of the Teutonic Order, 1540 Commander in Koblenz, 1545 Hereditary Marshal of Mayence (NDB, vol. 24, p. 108-109)⌋ habet commendatorem Confluentinum[125] Ordinis Teuthonicorum et Machliniensem, vir, uti audio, bonus et doctus, sed mihi ignotus.

inhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌊Gheldrensesinhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌋ optimam Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesariCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ fidem servant suntque sub ipsius maiestatis ditione omnes opulenti et proinde praeteritum orig. preteritum⌈praeteritumpraeteritum orig. preteritum⌉ statum rerum damnant, praesentem laudant, ii praesertim orig. presertim⌈praesertimpraesertim orig. presertim⌉, quibus aliquid est peculii. Reliqui, militiae studiosi, Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ habent, sub quo militent, et bellis atteruntur, unde in futurum quies provinciae sperari potest. Alit et Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ in eo ducatu alas equitum duas, quarum uni, quae ex Gheldrica nobilitate tota constat, praeest orig. preest⌈praeestpraeest orig. preest⌉ Maarten van Rossum (*1478 – †1555), field marshal in the service of Charles, Duke of Guelders⌊Martinus a RossumMaarten van Rossum (*1478 – †1555), field marshal in the service of Charles, Duke of Guelders⌋ ex hoste et persecutore factus acerrimus partium nostrarum propugnator, alteri praeest orig. preest⌈praeestpraeest orig. preest⌉ Philippe de Lalaing (*1510 – †1555), nephew of Antoine de Lalaing; 1543 stadtholder of Jülich; 1544-1555 stadtholder of Guelders⌊dominus de CornetzPhilippe de Lalaing (*1510 – †1555), nephew of Antoine de Lalaing; 1543 stadtholder of Jülich; 1544-1555 stadtholder of Guelders⌋, quem nosti, qui Antoine I de Lalaing (*1480 – †1540), second son of Josse de Lalaing, Lord of Montigny; knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (1516), one of the most trusted and influential advisors at the court of Margaret of Austria. As the chamberlain of Philip the Handsome, Lalaing accompanied him on his two journeys to Spain (1501, 1506); count of Hoogstraten and Culemborg, 1496 member of the household of Philip the Handsome, Duke of Burgundy, 1501 - his chamberlain, 1513 second chamberlain at the court of Prince Charles (later Emperor Charles V), and a member of his Privy Council, 1515 head of the council of finance, 1522 Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and Frisia and chamberlain at the court of Margaret of Austria, 1530 Stadtholder of the new province of Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 280-282)⌊domino de HoochstratenAntoine I de Lalaing (*1480 – †1540), second son of Josse de Lalaing, Lord of Montigny; knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (1516), one of the most trusted and influential advisors at the court of Margaret of Austria. As the chamberlain of Philip the Handsome, Lalaing accompanied him on his two journeys to Spain (1501, 1506); count of Hoogstraten and Culemborg, 1496 member of the household of Philip the Handsome, Duke of Burgundy, 1501 - his chamberlain, 1513 second chamberlain at the court of Prince Charles (later Emperor Charles V), and a member of his Privy Council, 1515 head of the council of finance, 1522 Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and Frisia and chamberlain at the court of Margaret of Austria, 1530 Stadtholder of the new province of Utrecht (CE, vol. 2, p. 280-282)⌋ patruo successit in comitatum de Hoogstraten, county lordship in the Low Countries, 1518 elevated to the county by Charles V, today in Belgium, in the north of the province of Antwerp⌊HoochstratenHoogstraten, county lordship in the Low Countries, 1518 elevated to the county by Charles V, today in Belgium, in the north of the province of Antwerp⌋ estque Duchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌊GheldriaeDuchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌋ gubernator. Ea autem ala partim ex inhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌊Gheldrisinhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌋, UUB, H. 155, f. 134v partim ex[126] nostratibus constat. Urbes Duchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌊illius ditionisDuchy of Guelders (Geldria), duchy in the Low Countries, incorporated in the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, today part of the Netherlands⌋ solitis vivunt legibus neque quicquam ibi per Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ immutatum est, quo brevi fiet, ut intra paucos annos nulli provinciarum devotione et fidelitate cessura sit.

In Milan (Mediolanum, Milano), duchy in northern Italy⌊ducatus MediolanensisMilan (Mediolanum, Milano), duchy in northern Italy⌋ gubernationem defuncto Alfonso d' Avalos d' Aquino (*1502 – †1546), Marquis of Pescara and Vasto, Italian condottiere in the service of Emperor Charles V, 1525 participant in the Battle of Pavia, in 1544 defeated by the French at the Battle of Ceresole; 1538-1546 governor of the Duchy of Milan; from 1542 commander of the imperial army in Italy (KOHLER 2000, p. 272)⌊marchione Vasti AymonisAlfonso d' Avalos d' Aquino (*1502 – †1546), Marquis of Pescara and Vasto, Italian condottiere in the service of Emperor Charles V, 1525 participant in the Battle of Pavia, in 1544 defeated by the French at the Battle of Ceresole; 1538-1546 governor of the Duchy of Milan; from 1542 commander of the imperial army in Italy (KOHLER 2000, p. 272)⌋ successit dominus Ferrante Gonzaga (*1507 – †1557), Italian condottiere, son of Francesco II Gonzaga and Isabella d'Este; 1535-1546 Viceroy of Sicily, 1539-1557 Count of Guastalla, 1546-1555 Governor of the Duchy of Milan (https://viaf.org/viaf/42641117/.)⌊Ferdinandus a GonzagaFerrante Gonzaga (*1507 – †1557), Italian condottiere, son of Francesco II Gonzaga and Isabella d'Este; 1535-1546 Viceroy of Sicily, 1539-1557 Count of Guastalla, 1546-1555 Governor of the Duchy of Milan (https://viaf.org/viaf/42641117/.)⌋ Sicily, island in the Mediterranean Sea, Kingdom ruled by the Habsburgs⌊SiciliaeSicily, island in the Mediterranean Sea, Kingdom ruled by the Habsburgs⌋ paulo ante prorex manetque ducatus ille sub Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesareCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ pacificus neque aliud quicquam scriptu dignum de eo occurrit.

Quid de principum conventu sperare aut de concilio Tridentino debeam, non habeo. Feruntur Trent (Tridentum), city in northern Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige (Südtirol)⌊TridentumTrent (Tridentum), city in northern Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige (Südtirol)⌋ ex The French ⌊GalliisThe French ⌋ proficisci episcopi nonnulli, ex nostratibus Robert de Croÿ (*1506 – †1556)⌊CameracensisRobert de Croÿ (*1506 – †1556)⌋ et Charles de Croÿ (*1506 or 1507 – †1564), son of Hendrik van Croÿ; 1525-1564 Bishop of Tournai (Doornik)⌊TornacensisCharles de Croÿ (*1506 or 1507 – †1564), son of Hendrik van Croÿ; 1525-1564 Bishop of Tournai (Doornik)⌋ aut profecti sunt, aut brevi proficiscentur. Dominus Deus Roman Catholic Church ⌊EcclesiamRoman Catholic Church ⌋ suam conservet et stabiliat, ut tandem exstinctis orig. extinctis⌈exstinctisexstinctis orig. extinctis⌉ pravissimis dogmatibus, quibus – pro dolor – inficitur, redeat ad puram genuinamque pietatem conversis eius perturbatoribus.

De illustrissimo domino Johann Albrecht of Brandenburg-Ansbach (Johann Albrecht von Hohenzollern) (*1499 – †1550), son of Friedrich V, Margrave of Brandenburg and Sophia, daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland; brother of Albrecht I von Hohenzollern Duke in Prussia; 1545-1550 archbishop of Magdeburg and bishop of Halberstadt ⌊Ioanne AlbertoJohann Albrecht of Brandenburg-Ansbach (Johann Albrecht von Hohenzollern) (*1499 – †1550), son of Friedrich V, Margrave of Brandenburg and Sophia, daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland; brother of Albrecht I von Hohenzollern Duke in Prussia; 1545-1550 archbishop of Magdeburg and bishop of Halberstadt ⌋ marchione plane nihil audio. Fuit in aula Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ superioribus annis Mariangelo Accursio (Mariangelo Accorso) (*1489 – †1546), Italian humanist and poet, from 1521 majordomo, tutor and guide to Johann Albrecht and Gumpert of Brandenburg-Ansbach in Rome, in 1522 followed them in their travels to Poland, Germany, France and in visit to the Spanish court of Emperor Charles V, in 1532 he left Italy and the Hohenzollern's service and went to Augsburg, where he found hospitality in the circle of Anton Fugger; in 1533 he returned to Italy and settled in his home town of L'Aquila (CE, vol. 1, p. 4-5)⌊Mariangelus AccursiusMariangelo Accursio (Mariangelo Accorso) (*1489 – †1546), Italian humanist and poet, from 1521 majordomo, tutor and guide to Johann Albrecht and Gumpert of Brandenburg-Ansbach in Rome, in 1522 followed them in their travels to Poland, Germany, France and in visit to the Spanish court of Emperor Charles V, in 1532 he left Italy and the Hohenzollern's service and went to Augsburg, where he found hospitality in the circle of Anton Fugger; in 1533 he returned to Italy and settled in his home town of L'Aquila (CE, vol. 1, p. 4-5)⌋ avide de me, uti audio, percunctatus, sed, nescio quo fato, afui orig. abfui⌈afuiafui orig. abfui⌉ neque a me visus est. Agebat alioqui oratorem civitatis suae L'Aquila (Aquila), town in central Italy, capital of the Abruzzo region⌊AquilaeL'Aquila (Aquila), town in central Italy, capital of the Abruzzo region⌋, ubi Mariangelo Accursio (Mariangelo Accorso) (*1489 – †1546), Italian humanist and poet, from 1521 majordomo, tutor and guide to Johann Albrecht and Gumpert of Brandenburg-Ansbach in Rome, in 1522 followed them in their travels to Poland, Germany, France and in visit to the Spanish court of Emperor Charles V, in 1532 he left Italy and the Hohenzollern's service and went to Augsburg, where he found hospitality in the circle of Anton Fugger; in 1533 he returned to Italy and settled in his home town of L'Aquila (CE, vol. 1, p. 4-5)⌊illumMariangelo Accursio (Mariangelo Accorso) (*1489 – †1546), Italian humanist and poet, from 1521 majordomo, tutor and guide to Johann Albrecht and Gumpert of Brandenburg-Ansbach in Rome, in 1522 followed them in their travels to Poland, Germany, France and in visit to the Spanish court of Emperor Charles V, in 1532 he left Italy and the Hohenzollern's service and went to Augsburg, where he found hospitality in the circle of Anton Fugger; in 1533 he returned to Italy and settled in his home town of L'Aquila (CE, vol. 1, p. 4-5)⌋ intelligo familiam ducta Catarina Lucentini Piccolomini wife of Mariangelo Accursio (CE, vol. 1, p. 4-5)⌊uxoreCatarina Lucentini Piccolomini wife of Mariangelo Accursio (CE, vol. 1, p. 4-5)⌋ instituisse. Et hactenus ad cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545 December or 1546 January, CIDTC IDL 6698, letter lost⌊litterascf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545 December or 1546 January, CIDTC IDL 6698, letter lost⌋. Veniam nunc ad schedam.

Serenissimae Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊reginae MariaeMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋ commendationes tuas feci. Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊QuaeMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋ certe tui est amantissima avideque audivit recensentem nonnulla capita cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545 December or 1546 January, CIDTC IDL 6698, letter lost⌊epistulae orig. epistolae⌈epistulaeepistulae orig. epistolae⌉cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545 December or 1546 January, CIDTC IDL 6698, letter lost⌋ tuae non ignara interim eorum, quae et apud vos et alibi fiunt. Hispanorum militum insolentia sicubi, certe in Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌊HungariaHungary (Kingdom of Hungary)⌋, nota esse d(ici)t(ur). Sed quid facias? Eadem est omnium fere militum ratio idemque vivendi, hoc est grassandi, modus.

The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊ThurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ expeditio adversus The Georgiani, supporters of Georg UTJEŠENOVIĆ ⌊GeorgianosThe Georgiani, supporters of Georg UTJEŠENOVIĆ ⌋ dilata est, uti mihi dixit dominus Gerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌊Gerardus VeltwyckGerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌋, videturque Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊dominus illorumSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ ad pacem quam bellum magis intentus, utcumque tantum annuae indutiae orig. induciae⌈indutiaeindutiae orig. induciae⌉ coaluerint, nam idem Gerardus noluit longiores encrypted ⌈idem Gerardus noluit longioresidem Gerardus noluit longiores encrypted ⌉.[127]

Miror de rege iuniore Poloniae annatis inhianti encrypted ⌈rege iuniore Poloniae[128] annatis[129] inhiantirege iuniore Poloniae annatis inhianti encrypted ⌉, non enim facile pontifex hanc partem sibi adimi passurus est, encrypted ⌈pontifex[130] hanc partem sibi adimi passurus est,[131]pontifex hanc partem sibi adimi passurus est, encrypted ⌉ exemplo tamen regis Angliae induci posset encrypted ⌈regis Angliae[132] induci possetregis Angliae induci posset encrypted ⌉. Periculose tamen vobiscum agitur, si haec metuenda vobis sunt encrypted ⌈vobiscum agitur, si haec orig. hec⌈haechaec orig. hec⌉ metuenda vobis sunt[133]vobiscum agitur, si haec metuenda vobis sunt encrypted ⌉. Reor non deesse, qui cf. Pl. Cist. 35 Aquam frigidam subdole suffundunt; Adagia 951 frigidam aquam suffundere ⌊frigidam suffundantcf. Pl. Cist. 35 Aquam frigidam subdole suffundunt; Adagia 951 frigidam aquam suffundere ⌋, quibus tamen quam periculosum, immo orig. imo⌈immoimmo orig. imo⌉ exitiabile, sit aurem praebere orig. prebere⌈praeberepraebere orig. prebere⌉, plurima sane docent, quae permovere deberent principes UUB, H. 155, f. 135r praefectos orig. prefectos⌈praefectospraefectos orig. prefectos⌉ rerum.[134]

Cum illustri domino Maximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌊comite BurensiMaximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌋ nondum loqui datum est, litteras tantum misi quaeque scribenda ad eum duxi, litteris meis inserui. Spero Maximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌊illumMaximiliaan van Egmond-Buren (*ca. 1500 – †1548), from 1540 Knight of the Golden Fleece, son of Floris van Egmond-Buren; Count of Buren and Lord of Ysselstein; 1540 member of the council of state and Governor of Frisia; 1546-1547 commander of the Habsburg Netherlandish army during the Schmalkaldic war (NDB, Bd. 4, s. 340-341; DeV, s. 43; CE, vol. 1, p. 423-424)⌋ brevi in aulam venturum, tunc fiet, ut de singulis profusius.

In cf. Philippo Archinto, Christiana de fide et sacramentis contra haereticorum id temporis errores explanatio. Accessit praeterea edictum Caroli V. Caesaris cum Articulis quibus docetur fidei et religionis Christianae vera observantia. Apud Hyeronimum Vietorem anno M D XLV, Kraków, Hieronymus Vietor, 1545 ⌊libellocf. Philippo Archinto, Christiana de fide et sacramentis contra haereticorum id temporis errores explanatio. Accessit praeterea edictum Caroli V. Caesaris cum Articulis quibus docetur fidei et religionis Christianae vera observantia. Apud Hyeronimum Vietorem anno M D XLV, Kraków, Hieronymus Vietor, 1545 ⌋ Filippo Archinto (*1495 – †1558), theologian and diplomat, protector of Ignatius Loyola; 1536 Vicar General of Rome; 1539 Bishop of the Holy Sepulchre; 1546 Bishop of Saluzzo; 1556 Archbishop of Milan, 1553 papal legate in Venice⌊ArchintiFilippo Archinto (*1495 – †1558), theologian and diplomat, protector of Ignatius Loyola; 1536 Vicar General of Rome; 1539 Bishop of the Holy Sepulchre; 1546 Bishop of Saluzzo; 1556 Archbishop of Milan, 1553 papal legate in Venice⌋, quae inseruisti, insita inveni, pro quibus et memoria Elisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌊uxorisElisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌋ Cornelis De Schepper Jr (*1532 – †1582 or 1583), son of Cornelis De Schepper (DE VOCHT 1961, 316, 403-404; DONCHE, p. 310, 346-349)

Anne De Schepper (*1529-1532 – †1619), daughter of Cornelis De Schepper (DONCHE, p. 340-346)⌊liberorumCornelis De Schepper Jr (*1532 – †1582 or 1583), son of Cornelis De Schepper (DE VOCHT 1961, 316, 403-404; DONCHE, p. 310, 346-349)

Anne De Schepper (*1529-1532 – †1619), daughter of Cornelis De Schepper (DONCHE, p. 340-346)⌋que et nepotis nomine gratiam habeo, quibus haec servantur. Ceterum haud scio, an simulacrum orig. simulachrum⌈simulacrumsimulacrum orig. simulachrum⌉ unius de triginta, pro quibus Dominus noster Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊Iesus ChristusJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋ venditus fuit, archetypo respondeat, quia inscriptio unius tantum est vocis sine nomine, cognomine aut praenomine, quae tamen in aliis nummis exspressa videmus. Quare rogo, ad me perscribas, si aut archetypum videris, aut auctores orig. autores⌈auctoresauctores orig. autores⌉ habeas certos, quorum assertioni fidendum sit. Ego sane ubi primum nactus otium orig. ocium⌈otiumotium orig. ocium⌉ fuero licebitque aut Brussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌊BruxellaeBrussels (Bruxellae), city in the Low Countries, Duchy of Brabant, since the regency of Mary of Hungary the capital of the Habsburg Netherlands, today the capital of Belgium⌋ aut Bruges (Brugia, Brugge), city in the Low Countries, in the County of Flanders, in the 13th-15th centuries one of the most important commercial ports and trading centres in Europe, today in Belgium⌊BrugisBruges (Brugia, Brugge), city in the Low Countries, in the County of Flanders, in the 13th-15th centuries one of the most important commercial ports and trading centres in Europe, today in Belgium⌋, ubi domos habeo, aliquantisper haerere, examinaturus sum, an pondus cum nummo, hoc est, ni fallor, asse aut decem denariis conveniat, aut quantum ab illis discrepet.

Germanicae naeniae, quia pietatem et Christianismum sapiunt praeter eruditionem, mihi apprime placent scienti, quaecumque ex vicinis vestris prodeunt, longe esse diversa, quippe a monachis transfugis aut sacerdotibus sacerdotii desertoribus composita sunt. Inter quae unius me subit recordatio, quod scilicet de inhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌊Gheldroruminhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌋ erga Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ devotione subdubitare videbaris, id per quemdam olim sacerdotem Gheldrum, qui apud marchionem Albrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌊Albertum BrandeburgensemAlbrecht I von Hohenzollern-Ansbach (Albrecht von Brandenburg) (*1490 – †1568), 1511-1525 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order; from 1525 to his death Duke in Prussia as a liegeman of the Polish king; son of Friedrich V of Brandenburg der Ältere and Sophia Jagiellon (daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon), nephew of Sigismund I, King of Poland; founder of the university in Königsberg (1544)⌋ quondam or written over m(?)⌈m(?)oror written over m(?)⌉dinis militaris Teuthonicorum magistrum agit, fieri. Qui inhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌊gentem eaminhabitants of the Duchy of Guelders ⌋ parum constantem esse et fore ob id somniat, quod ipsi non sit liberum ad eam redire, alioqui poenas meritas luitur ... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉, cumque orig. Quumque⌈cumquecumque orig. Quumque⌉ apostata omnis sit ordinis sui hostis et iste quoque impurus sacrificulus ceteros ex suo sensu metitur, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ non sit inter nostrates gens ulla magis abhorrens a novis istis dogmatibus, quam Gheldrica, nec veterum caeremoniarum orig. ceremoniarum⌈caeremoniarumcaeremoniarum orig. ceremoniarum⌉ observantior, paucis, dico, seclusis, quorum improbitas aliorum probitati haudquaquam timenda est.

Encomium quondam Piotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌊Petri GameratiPiotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌋ Gneznensis archiepiscopi et episcopi Cracoviensis doleo missum ex Gdańsk (Danzig, Dantiscum), city in northern Poland, on the Bay of Gdańsk at the mouth of the Vistula, on the Baltic, the biggest and wealthiest of the three Great Prussian Cities (Gdańsk, Thorn (Toruń), and Elbing (Elbląg)) with representation in the Council of Royal Prussia; a member of the Hanseatic League⌊GedanoGdańsk (Danzig, Dantiscum), city in northern Poland, on the Bay of Gdańsk at the mouth of the Vistula, on the Baltic, the biggest and wealthiest of the three Great Prussian Cities (Gdańsk, Thorn (Toruń), and Elbing (Elbląg)) with representation in the Council of Royal Prussia; a member of the Hanseatic League⌋ non esse, ut ex eo tanti Sardanapalus according to Ctesias of Cnidus, the last king of Assyria, known for his decadence and promiscuity⌊SardanapaliSardanapalus according to Ctesias of Cnidus, the last king of Assyria, known for his decadence and promiscuity⌋ vita clarius haberetur. Id, spero, cum tempore mittes ad Lazarus Tucher (*1491 – †1563), merchant and banker of Queen Mary of Hungary in Antwerp; Imperial councillor (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 303)⌊Lazarum TucherLazarus Tucher (*1491 – †1563), merchant and banker of Queen Mary of Hungary in Antwerp; Imperial councillor (DE VOCHT 1961, p. 303)⌋.

De iis, quae tum ad te perferebantur de Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesareCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545 December or 1546 January, CIDTC IDL 6698, letter lost⌊litterascf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545 December or 1546 January, CIDTC IDL 6698, letter lost⌋ eas scriberes, scio pridem te veritatem intellexisse, morbum scilicet, quo caesar tunc laborabat podagricum fuisse nec maiestati ipsius ulli impedimento fuisse, quominus postea iter continuarit, sed quae adversa UUB, H. 155, f. 135v maiestati ipsius[135] sunt, pronis istic orig. isthic⌈isticistic orig. isthic⌉ auribus audiuntur, praesertim vero, uti ais, a sectariis. Et haec ad schedam tuam.

Haec capita eius pacis.

Qua facta invitatus est Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌊rex AnglusHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌋ a Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊FrancoFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋, uti Elizabeth of Valois (*1545 – †1568), Queen consort of Spain (1559-1568) as the wife of Philip II of Spain ; eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici⌊filiamElizabeth of Valois (*1545 – †1568), Queen consort of Spain (1559-1568) as the wife of Philip II of Spain ; eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici⌋ Henry II of Valois (Henry of France) (*1519 – †1559), 1519-1536 Duke of Orléans, 1536-1547 Duke of Brittany, 1547-1559 King of France; son of Francis I of Valois and Claude Duchess of Brittany⌊delphiniHenry II of Valois (Henry of France) (*1519 – †1559), 1519-1536 Duke of Orléans, 1536-1547 Duke of Brittany, 1547-1559 King of France; son of Francis I of Valois and Claude Duchess of Brittany⌋ iam pridem natam, sed in eum usque diem baptismo orig. babtismo⌈baptismobaptismo orig. babtismo⌉ reservatam, e sacro fonte susciperet. Ad quod obeundum ex purpuratis suis unum misit nec multo post John Dudley (*1504 – †1553)⌊praefectum marisJohn Dudley (*1504 – †1553)⌋ sive admiraldum, a Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊GalloFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ autem vicissim Claude d' Annebault (*1495 – †1552), 1527-1537 commander of light cavalry and Albanians in the French service; 1538–1552 Marshal of France (1547-1552 only nominally); 1541 Governor of Piedmont; 1543 - of Normandy; 1544-1552 Admiral of France; 1544 commander of the French fleet against England; 1545 ambassador of the King Francis I of France at the imperial court; 1546 chief French plenipotentiary at the peace talks between England and French at Ardres (KNECHT 1984, p. 287, 294-295, 300, 363-364, 372-376, 414, 416-417, 424; POTTER 2008, p. 46 (footnote 30), 87, 241)⌊admiraldus GallicusClaude d' Annebault (*1495 – †1552), 1527-1537 commander of light cavalry and Albanians in the French service; 1538–1552 Marshal of France (1547-1552 only nominally); 1541 Governor of Piedmont; 1543 - of Normandy; 1544-1552 Admiral of France; 1544 commander of the French fleet against England; 1545 ambassador of the King Francis I of France at the imperial court; 1546 chief French plenipotentiary at the peace talks between England and French at Ardres (KNECHT 1984, p. 287, 294-295, 300, 363-364, 372-376, 414, 416-417, 424; POTTER 2008, p. 46 (footnote 30), 87, 241)⌋ in England⌊AngliamEngland⌋ missus est ibique summo cum honore susceptus. Sed Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌊AnglusHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌋ non solum non desinit a munienda Boulogne-sur-Mer, city in northern France, 1544-1550 occupied by the English⌊BoloniaBoulogne-sur-Mer, city in northern France, 1544-1550 occupied by the English⌋, sed novas arces novosque portus in litore orig. littore⌈litorelitore orig. littore⌉ suis armis parto aedificat orig. edificat⌈aedificataedificat orig. edificat⌉ haud obscuro argumento haud quaquam sibi in animo esse Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊GalloFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ eam ditionem restituere, aut quia puta stain⌈[a]a stain⌉t tam ingentem summam pecuniae Gallo difficile fore uno die persolvere, aut quia nondum coaluit animis concordia, quamquam verba pacem sonant.

Dum haec fiunt, inter duos Hispanos, quorum Julian Romero (*1518 – †1577), Spanish military commander in the service of the Emperor Charles V, and then of the Duke of Alba in the Habsburg Netherlands (POTTER 2011, p. 306)⌊alterJulian Romero (*1518 – †1577), Spanish military commander in the service of the Emperor Charles V, and then of the Duke of Alba in the Habsburg Netherlands (POTTER 2011, p. 306)⌋ Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌊regi AnglorumHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York⌋ constanter servivit, Antonio Mora ⌊alterAntonio Mora ⌋ ab illius stipendio sese subducens cum The French ⌊GallisThe French ⌋ militavit, duellum in France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊FranciaFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ commissum est pro altero stantibus The English (Angli) ⌊AnglisThe English (Angli) ⌋ pro altero Francis, et quamquam Julian Romero (*1518 – †1577), Spanish military commander in the service of the Emperor Charles V, and then of the Duke of Alba in the Habsburg Netherlands (POTTER 2011, p. 306)⌊Hispano AngloJulian Romero (*1518 – †1577), Spanish military commander in the service of the Emperor Charles V, and then of the Duke of Alba in the Habsburg Netherlands (POTTER 2011, p. 306)⌋ omnia iniqua oblata a The French ⌊FrancisThe French ⌋ {oblata} fuere, nimirum equus ineptus, armatura difficilis et provocanti insolita, magno tamen animo proelium orig. prelium⌈proeliumproelium orig. prelium⌉ aggressus Antonio Mora ⌊Hispano FrancumAntonio Mora ⌋ stravit vicitque ingenti orig. ingente⌈ingentiingenti orig. ingente⌉ cum gloria The English (Angli) ⌊AnglorumThe English (Angli) ⌋, dolore iraque Francorum.

Haec sunt, quae apud nos aguntur, quae ad Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram eius exemplo provocatus nolui omittere, quin perscriberem hidden by binding⌈[m]m hidden by binding⌉. Cui me uti patri obsequentissime commendo addicoque precorque Deum, uti preces eius irritas non faciat. Amen.

Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌈Dat(ae)Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌉ Binche (Bincium), town in the Low Countries, County of Hainaut, 55 km S of Brussels, today in Belgium⌊BinciiBinche (Bincium), town in the Low Countries, County of Hainaut, 55 km S of Brussels, today in Belgium⌋ Hainaut (Hannonia, County of Hainaut), county in the Low Countries, from 1482 under Habsburg rule. Its territory corresponds with the Belgian province of Hainaut, and part of the French Département du Nord⌊HannoniaeHainaut (Hannonia, County of Hainaut), county in the Low Countries, from 1482 under Habsburg rule. Its territory corresponds with the Belgian province of Hainaut, and part of the French Département du Nord⌋, die XII-a mensis Iunii(!) anno Domini MDXLVI-o.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae humilis et obsequentissimus hidden by binding⌈[issimus]issimus hidden by binding⌉ filius Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌊Cornelius ScepperusCornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌋

[1, 65] Quadragesima (Great Lent) in 1546 felt between March 10 and April 24.

[2] Annotation on mission of CDS in England to be elaborated.

[3] The court of Queen Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊Mary of HungaryMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋, Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands.

[4] Annotation on the war between England (place #627) and France (place #569) to be elaborated.

[5] Sources differ on the exact date of René de Châlon’s death: 15, 18, or 21 July 1544.

[6] Godschalk Ericksen died on 28 September, 1544 .

[7] The news of the death of René de Châlon, Cornelis van Zegherscapelle and Godschalk Ericksen had already been communicated to Dantiscus in cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Harderwijk, 1545-07-17, CIDTC IDL 2846⌊De Schepper’s letter of 17 July 1545cf. Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Harderwijk, 1545-07-17, CIDTC IDL 2846⌋.

[8] Political context of the explicit mention of "iuris Brabantici" by De Schepper to be elucidated.

[9] Annotation on the studies of Gerard Veltwijk in Louvain, France and Italy.

[10] regis sui written also at the bottom of f. 119r as a catchword

[11] Georges de Selve was sent to Austria in April 1540.

[12] Georges de Selve had studied Hebrew with Elias Levita in Venice in 1534-1535. He became a patron of the Hebrew scholar (BROYDÉ; LIARD).

[13] Imperial Diet of Regensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌊RegensburgRegensburg (Ratisbona), city in southeastern Germany, Bavaria, on the Danube river⌋, 1541.

[14] Annotation on the African expedition of Charles V in 1541, and on Veltwijck in this context.

[15] Annotation on Veltwijck at the service of Granvelle.

[16] Willem of Cleves succeeded Charles II, duke of Guelders and Zutphen, in 1538. During the 3rd Guelderian War that followed, France was an ally to Guelders against Charles V (HARLEB). His predecessor, Duke Charles of Guelders, also concluded an alliance with France (ROMEIN; cf. Herzog Albrecht von Preußen und Livland (1525-1534), ed. by Ulrich Müller, Köln, Weimar, Wien, 1996 ⌊MÜLLERcf. Herzog Albrecht von Preußen und Livland (1525-1534), ed. by Ulrich Müller, Köln, Weimar, Wien, 1996 ⌋) .

[17] End of the third Guelderian War and the Treaty of Venlo, 7 September 1543. After the Habsburg victory over Guelders in 1543, Wilhelm of Cleves had to cede Guelders and Zutphen to Charles V (Verdrag, p. 7-12, 247-266, a.o.).

[18] Note on Turkish embassy of Veltwijck.

[19] quem aliquamdiu written also at the bottom of f. 119v as a catchword

[20] Annotation on studies of Veltwijck in Louvain.

[21] The „Regensburger Interim”, published at the conclusion of the Imperial Diet, 29 July, 1541. This text contained the temporary settlement on religious matters between Charles V and the Protestants, reached as a result of this conference. Veltwijck, Gropperus and Bucer are mentioned as the collective authors of this text.

[22] abiecta persona written also at the bottom of f. 120r as a catchword

[23] Actually Martin Bucer (Martin Butzer, Martinus Buccer) (*1491 – †1551), German Protestant theologian and Reformer⌊Martin BucerMartin Bucer (Martin Butzer, Martinus Buccer) (*1491 – †1551), German Protestant theologian and Reformer⌋ married Elisabeth Silbereisen ⌊Elisabeth SilbereisenElisabeth Silbereisen ⌋, a former nun, in 1522. After her death on 16 November 1541 he married Wibrandis Rosenblatt ⌊Wibrandis RosenblattWibrandis Rosenblatt ⌋ on 16 April 1542. She was the widow of Ludwig Keller ⌊Ludwig KellerLudwig Keller ⌋, Ioannes Oecolampadius (Johannes Heussgen) (*1482 – †1531)⌊Johannes OecolampadiusIoannes Oecolampadius (Johannes Heussgen) (*1482 – †1531)⌋, and Wolfgang Fabricius Capito (Wolfgang Koepfel) (*ca 1478 – †1541)⌊Wolfgang CapitoWolfgang Fabricius Capito (Wolfgang Koepfel) (*ca 1478 – †1541)⌋. Besides being mere slander, this accusation of polygamy could be linked to Bucer’s role in the justification of the bigamous marriage of Philip I of Hesse der Großmütige (*1504 – †1567), 1509-1567 Landgrave of Hesse, actually in power from 1518; son of Wilhelm II of Hesse and Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, married to Christine of Saxony (daughter of Georg, Duke of Saxony), protector of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany, one of the leaders of the Schmalkaldic League (taken prisoner by emperor Charles V of Habsburg after the defeat at Mühlberg in 1547, but released in 1552) (ADB, 25, p. 765-783)⌊Philip of HessePhilip I of Hesse der Großmütige (*1504 – †1567), 1509-1567 Landgrave of Hesse, actually in power from 1518; son of Wilhelm II of Hesse and Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, married to Christine of Saxony (daughter of Georg, Duke of Saxony), protector of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany, one of the leaders of the Schmalkaldic League (taken prisoner by emperor Charles V of Habsburg after the defeat at Mühlberg in 1547, but released in 1552) (ADB, 25, p. 765-783)⌋.

[24] Annotation to be added on the role of Bucer in the reform in the diocese of Cologne, and the breaking of bishop Hermann of Wied with catholicism.

[25] chero written also at the bottom of f. 120v as a catchword

[26] Annotation on the circumstances of the meetings of De Schepper with Archinto in Milan and Nice.

[27] Fifth Lateran Council, 1512-1517.

[28] Court of queen Mary of Hungary, governess of the Habsburg Netherlands.

[29] animorum written also at the bottom of f. 121r as a catchword

[30] Petrus Clericus: to do: expand biographical note, cf. Guépin, Drie dichtende broers.

[31] Annotation on the er of Pierre Boissot!.

[32] Ostia Rheni: this could be interpreted as ‘the mouth of the river Rhine’, viz. the Rhine delta, but it is more probable that it means ‘the gates of the Rhine’, viz. the duchy of Guelders, where the Rhine splits into several branches before debouching into the sea further westward. This is a recent geopolitical change (1543), whereas the dominance over the river delta is of older date (1433), as it lies in Holland and Zeeland.

[33] Reference is made to the end of the third Guelderian War (1538-1543) between Guelders and the Habsburg Netherlands. By the Treaty of Venlo, Wilhelm der Reiche, duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, and from 1538 also duke of Guelders, had to cede the duchy of Guelders and the county of Zutphen to Charles V (Verdrag, p. 7-122, 247-266 a.o.).

[34] France was an ally of Guelders-Cleve in the Guelderian War.

[35] The Duchy of Luxembourg and the County of Hainaut had a border with France.

[36] coaluit written also at the bottom of f. 121v as a catchword

[37] South-Western Germany.

[38] Shrine of Thomas Becket in Trinity Chapel in ⌊Canterbury⌋ Cathedral. It was destroyed in 1538, during the dissolution of the monasteries ordered by Henry VIII.

[39] res quum written also at the bottom of f. 122r as a catchword

[40] Annotation on mission of CDS in England and period of this mission.

[41] ad facienda written also at the bottom of f. 122v as a catchword

[42] Reference to the turn in De Schepper’s carreer. In his later years he played an increasingly important role in the domestic policy of the Habsburg Netherlands, whereas his diplomatic travels became less frequent. (to be elaborated).

[43] indubitantissimeque written also at the bottom of f. 123r as a catchword

[44] cum Gallis certamina - reference to the health problems of Diego Gracián de Alderete, allusion to morbus Gallicus.

[45] lotho aulica allecti - „who forgot about their fatherland”, allusion to the lotus-eaters (lotophagi), in Greek mythology inhabitants of an island on the Mediterranean Sea, who ate mainly lotus, which, being a narcotic was the cause of their constant apathy⌊lotus-eaterslotus-eaters (lotophagi), in Greek mythology inhabitants of an island on the Mediterranean Sea, who ate mainly lotus, which, being a narcotic was the cause of their constant apathy⌋ (Od. 9.82-104).