Furstlicher Durchlaucht etc. in Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PreussennPrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋, meinemm hochgeliebtem hern unnnd freunde

Durchlauchterr, hochgebornerr furst, hochgeliebterr, gunstigerr herr und freundt. / Noch erbittung meynerr fruntlichn, willigen dienst / wunsche ich Ewer Furstlichen Durchlaucht ein glukseliges newjorr von Gote dem almechtigenn / und vil andere in götlicherr gnoden, biss uff Methusalem ⌊MatusalemmMethusalem ⌋ zceite, zuvorannn etc.

Wie ich her komenn bin, / hab ich hie gefunden Ewer Durchlaucht diner, den edlenn Felix von Allen (Felix von Alden, Feliks Mełdzyński, Felix Stang, Felix von Malden) (†ca. 1576), Prussian nobleman in the service of Duke Albrecht von Hohenzollern; 1529, 1530, 1533, 1536, 1538 ducal envoy to King Sigismund I Jagiellon and, in 1537, to the Crown Diet at Piotrków; 1545-1551(?) Vice-Voivode of Kulm (Chełmno); 1551 alderman of Kulm; 1551-1575 Sword-Bearer of Kulm (SZYMANIAK 1992, p. 55-56; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 221)⌊Felix von AldennFelix von Allen (Felix von Alden, Feliks Mełdzyński, Felix Stang, Felix von Malden) (†ca. 1576), Prussian nobleman in the service of Duke Albrecht von Hohenzollern; 1529, 1530, 1533, 1536, 1538 ducal envoy to King Sigismund I Jagiellon and, in 1537, to the Crown Diet at Piotrków; 1545-1551(?) Vice-Voivode of Kulm (Chełmno); 1551 alderman of Kulm; 1551-1575 Sword-Bearer of Kulm (SZYMANIAK 1992, p. 55-56; Urzędnicy 5/2, p. 221)⌋, / dennn ich gernn / aus solchemm langenn wege, / den er in Ewer Durchlaucht dienst vorbrocht, / in gutterr gesuntheit gesehen hab. / Und so er aus Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊kayserlicher maiestetCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ hove so an mich von guttenn hern und frundenn vorschribennn ist, / als der sich in Ewer Durchlaucht dienst erlich, / fleissig / und wol gehaltenn, / hab ich in ane meynerr eigenenn hanth schreibenn an Ewer Durchlaucht nicht mocht von mir lossenn. / Dieweil ich ouch in frembden hern und freunden / von Ewer Durchlaucht wegen / durch mein schreibenn befholenn, / wil sichs wol czymenn, in ouch Ewer Durchlaucht zu befhelenn, / nemlich so er noch seinemm vermugenn Ewer Durchlaucht uffrichtig und getreulich / in sochen fernen wegenn / gedint, / bittend in solcher dienst wold lossenn genissenn / unnnd uff disse meine vorschrifft / sein gnediger her wol seinn, / das ich ummb Ewer Durchlaucht alweg zuvorschuldenn pflichtig wil seinn / und mich hiemit in Ewer Durchlaucht, / die Goth der almechtig in langweriger gesuntheit und aller glukseligheit beware, / thu befhelenn. /

Datum aus meinemm hove Ploweise (Płowęż), village in northern Poland, Kulm Land, near Rheden, 62 km NE of Thorn, from 1516 estate of the Kulm bishops⌊PloweisePloweise (Płowęż), village in northern Poland, Kulm Land, near Rheden, 62 km NE of Thorn, from 1516 estate of the Kulm bishops⌋, / den V tag Ianuarii M D XXXV.

Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊IoannesIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, colmischer bischuff etc. mit eigener hanth