Reverendissimo in Christo patri et domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊IoanniIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ [Dei gratia] episcopo Culmensi, domino et patrono suo colendissimo

Culmensi Thoruniae

Reverendissime in Christo pater et domine, domine patrone observandissime, cum mei commendatione.

Commiseram ad eandem meas litteras de mense Novembri affectantes sub illius esse patrocinio, quae si ad illius manus pervenerant, gauderem. Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊ImperatorCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ hic parat ingentem classem contra Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊ThurcamSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ ad subveniendum regi Turnicii, qui Thurci potentia opprimitur et cui Hayreddin Barbarossa (Khair al-Din) (*ca. 1478 – †1546), famous pirate, from 1518 the service of the Ottomans; conqueror of Algiers (1519) and Tunis (1534); in 1535, after the attack of the imperial fleet under the command of Andrea Doria, he lost control of Tunis; in 1538 he occupied a number of Venetian islands in the Aegean and plundered Crete; in the same year the Ottoman fleet under his command defeated the Holy League fleet at the Battle of Preveza ; 1532 grand admiral of the Ottoman fleet (CE, vol. 2, p. 259-260)⌊BarbarosoHayreddin Barbarossa (Khair al-Din) (*ca. 1478 – †1546), famous pirate, from 1518 the service of the Ottomans; conqueror of Algiers (1519) and Tunis (1534); in 1535, after the attack of the imperial fleet under the command of Andrea Doria, he lost control of Tunis; in 1538 he occupied a number of Venetian islands in the Aegean and plundered Crete; in the same year the Ottoman fleet under his command defeated the Holy League fleet at the Battle of Preveza ; 1532 grand admiral of the Ottoman fleet (CE, vol. 2, p. 259-260)⌋ de mense Augusti civitatem illius regni primariam fraude intercepit. Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌊PapaPaul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌋ studet omni conatu adhaerere imperatori, ad quod et Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊regem ChristianissimumFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ incessanter hortatur. Habet Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌊papaPaul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌋ nomen optimum et omnium ore appellatur Paulus tertius papa optimus, namque tota ferme Italy (Italia)⌊ItaliaItaly (Italia)⌋ optima tranquillitate et omni abundantia gaudet. Et quam tandem diutissime, optime atque feliciter a Domino Deo valere plurimum exopto.

Romae, die XI Februarii anno Domini 1535.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae Jan Wysiecki ⌊Ioannes WiseczskyJan Wysiecki ⌋, canonicus Wladislaviensis capellanus

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia episcopo CulmensiIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ etc., domino et patrono gratiosissimo

Reverendissime in Christo Pater et Domine, domine gratiosissime.

Classis Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesareae maiestatisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ die XXII Aprilis versus regnum Tunis, city in Tunisia, on the Mediterranean Sea⌊ThuniciiTunis, city in Tunisia, on the Mediterranean Sea⌋ contra Hayreddin Barbarossa (Khair al-Din) (*ca. 1478 – †1546), famous pirate, from 1518 the service of the Ottomans; conqueror of Algiers (1519) and Tunis (1534); in 1535, after the attack of the imperial fleet under the command of Andrea Doria, he lost control of Tunis; in 1538 he occupied a number of Venetian islands in the Aegean and plundered Crete; in the same year the Ottoman fleet under his command defeated the Holy League fleet at the Battle of Preveza ; 1532 grand admiral of the Ottoman fleet (CE, vol. 2, p. 259-260)⌊barbaroso(!)Hayreddin Barbarossa (Khair al-Din) (*ca. 1478 – †1546), famous pirate, from 1518 the service of the Ottomans; conqueror of Algiers (1519) and Tunis (1534); in 1535, after the attack of the imperial fleet under the command of Andrea Doria, he lost control of Tunis; in 1538 he occupied a number of Venetian islands in the Aegean and plundered Crete; in the same year the Ottoman fleet under his command defeated the Holy League fleet at the Battle of Preveza ; 1532 grand admiral of the Ottoman fleet (CE, vol. 2, p. 259-260)⌋ vela cepit, quae quinquaginta milia electum militem defert, qui loco et tempore opportunis litus victualibus provisi condescendet classe munita relicta. John III of Portugal (John the Pious, João III Aviz) (*1502 – †1557), 1521-1557 King of Portugal; son of Manuel I, King of Portugal, and Maria of Aragon⌊Rex John III of Portugal (John the Pious, João III Aviz) (*1502 – †1557), 1521-1557 King of Portugal; son of Manuel I, King of Portugal, and Maria of Aragon⌋ etiam Portugaliae triginta milia militum Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊maiestati caesareaeCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ in subsidium mittit. Et Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊rex ChristianissimusFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ monitionibus papae flexus suam classem offert.

Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊RomaeRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋ omnia quieta et in optimo ordine. Licet Benedetto Accolti (*1497 – †1549), the nephew of Cardinal Pietro Accolti; studied law at Pisa; 1524 - to death Archbishop of Ravenna (1527 elevated to Cardinal); 1532-1534 legate a latere in the March of Ancona; he left behind several legal works and some poetry; corresponded i. al. with Aretino and Bembo (Contemporaries, p. 4)⌊cardinalis RavennaeBenedetto Accolti (*1497 – †1549), the nephew of Cardinal Pietro Accolti; studied law at Pisa; 1524 - to death Archbishop of Ravenna (1527 elevated to Cardinal); 1532-1534 legate a latere in the March of Ancona; he left behind several legal works and some poetry; corresponded i. al. with Aretino and Bembo (Contemporaries, p. 4)⌋ die quinta mensis Aprilis detentus fuerit.[1] Eo quidem legatus Anconae exsistens duos nobiles ex primoribus illius Ancona, town in central Italy, on the Adriatic Sea, seaport⌊civitatisAncona, town in central Italy, on the Adriatic Sea, seaport⌋ decapitari fecerit. Alia ex praesentibus inclusis Reverendissima Paternitas Vestra capiet.

Quae a domino Deo optime atque feliciter pro patriae consolatione valeat.

Ex Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊UrbeRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋ die XIII Mai anno Domini 1533.

Esiudem Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae Jan Wysiecki ⌊Ioannes WiteczskyJan Wysiecki ⌋ canonicus Wladislaviensis scripsit etc.

[1 ] As a legate a latere in March of Ancona, in 1534 Accolti was removed from his office and from the cardinalate for informing the Anconitans of Clement VII's plan to subject them to Cardinal Ippolito de' Medici (*1511 – †1535), illegitimate only son of Giuliano de'Medici, foster child of Pope Leo X (Giovanni de'Medici), protégé of Pope Clement VII (Giulio de'Medici); 1523-1529 governor of Florence, archbishop of Avignon, since 1529 cardinal, papal legate in Hungary (1529) and Germany (1532)⌊Ippolito de' MediciIppolito de' Medici (*1511 – †1535), illegitimate only son of Giuliano de'Medici, foster child of Pope Leo X (Giovanni de'Medici), protégé of Pope Clement VII (Giulio de'Medici); 1523-1529 governor of Florence, archbishop of Avignon, since 1529 cardinal, papal legate in Hungary (1529) and Germany (1532)⌋, in 1535 arrested on various charges and imprisoned in Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊RomeRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋ in Castel Sant'Angelo (Mausoleum of Hadrian, Moles Hadriani), castle in Rome , the tomb of the Roman emperor Hadrian, later used by the popes as a fortress, now serves as a museum⌊Castel Sant'AngeloCastel Sant'Angelo (Mausoleum of Hadrian, Moles Hadriani), castle in Rome , the tomb of the Roman emperor Hadrian, later used by the popes as a fortress, now serves as a museum⌋, released and restored to the cardinalate in the same year after paying a large sum of money

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia episcopo CulmensiIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, domino et patrono suo colendissimo

Thorn (Toruń, Thorunium), city in northern Poland, on the Vistula river in its lower reaches, main residence of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno); one of the three Great Prussian Cities (along with Gdańsk and Elbing) which had representatives in the Council of Royal Prussia; a member of the Hanseatic League⌊ToruniaeThorn (Toruń, Thorunium), city in northern Poland, on the Vistula river in its lower reaches, main residence of the bishops of Kulm (Chełmno); one of the three Great Prussian Cities (along with Gdańsk and Elbing) which had representatives in the Council of Royal Prussia; a member of the Hanseatic League⌋

Reverendissime in Christo Pater et Domine, domine colendissime.

Cum mei humillima commendatione.

Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊ImperatorCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ cum classem quadringentorum velorum in portu Barcelona (Barcinona, Barcino), city in northeastern Spain, Catalonia⌊BarsoloneBarcelona (Barcinona, Barcino), city in northeastern Spain, Catalonia⌋ eundo ex Spain (Hispania)⌊HispaniaSpain (Hispania)⌋ Naples (Napoli, Neapolis), city in Italy, on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea, capital of the region of Campania⌊NeapolimNaples (Napoli, Neapolis), city in Italy, on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea, capital of the region of Campania⌋ versus opibus, electo milite et quam plurimorum principum praesentia (qualis a saeculo, ut dicitur, visa non erat) conspexisset utque alium conductorem classis constitueret, ab Andrea Doria (Andrea Auria, Andrea D' Oria) (*1466 – †1560), Italian condottiere and a famous seaman in the service of Genoa; 1512-1522 commander of the Genoan fleet, in 1522 he entered the service of Francis I of Valois, King of France, as a captain-general at sea; in 1526 (after the Battle of Pavia) he became commander of the League of Cognac's fleet; from 1528 imperial Chief Admiral on the Mediterranean, from 1531 Duke of Melfi, and from 1555 Censor of Genoa (actually a Genoan administrator) (JURIEN de la GRAVIÈRE, p. 203-205; CURREY, p. 87-98)⌊Andrea DoriaAndrea Doria (Andrea Auria, Andrea D' Oria) (*1466 – †1560), Italian condottiere and a famous seaman in the service of Genoa; 1512-1522 commander of the Genoan fleet, in 1522 he entered the service of Francis I of Valois, King of France, as a captain-general at sea; in 1526 (after the Battle of Pavia) he became commander of the League of Cognac's fleet; from 1528 imperial Chief Admiral on the Mediterranean, from 1531 Duke of Melfi, and from 1555 Censor of Genoa (actually a Genoan administrator) (JURIEN de la GRAVIÈRE, p. 203-205; CURREY, p. 87-98)⌋ ductore classis Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ hortatus fuisset(!). Ad quod Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ die sequenti missa de Sancto Spiritu exaudita respondendo Andrea Doria (Andrea Auria, Andrea D' Oria) (*1466 – †1560), Italian condottiere and a famous seaman in the service of Genoa; 1512-1522 commander of the Genoan fleet, in 1522 he entered the service of Francis I of Valois, King of France, as a captain-general at sea; in 1526 (after the Battle of Pavia) he became commander of the League of Cognac's fleet; from 1528 imperial Chief Admiral on the Mediterranean, from 1531 Duke of Melfi, and from 1555 Censor of Genoa (actually a Genoan administrator) (JURIEN de la GRAVIÈRE, p. 203-205; CURREY, p. 87-98)⌊Andreae DoriaeAndrea Doria (Andrea Auria, Andrea D' Oria) (*1466 – †1560), Italian condottiere and a famous seaman in the service of Genoa; 1512-1522 commander of the Genoan fleet, in 1522 he entered the service of Francis I of Valois, King of France, as a captain-general at sea; in 1526 (after the Battle of Pavia) he became commander of the League of Cognac's fleet; from 1528 imperial Chief Admiral on the Mediterranean, from 1531 Duke of Melfi, and from 1555 Censor of Genoa (actually a Genoan administrator) (JURIEN de la GRAVIÈRE, p. 203-205; CURREY, p. 87-98)⌋ in praesentia omnium se in propria persona contra Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊ThurcamSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋, communem hostem fidei Catholicae immanissimum tyrannum, in Dei nomine iturum declaravit eumque primo de regno Tunis, city in Tunisia, on the Mediterranean Sea⌊ThunicyTunis, city in Tunisia, on the Mediterranean Sea⌋ expellendum et deinde Greece⌊GraeciamGreece⌋ Constantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌊ConstantinopolimConstantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌋ versus persequendum dixit. Unde cum omnium exsultatione classem die ultima mensis Maii intravit.

De quibus Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌊papaPaul III (Alessandro Farnese) (*1468 – †1549), 1493 elevated to cardinal; 1524 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia; 1534-1549 Pope⌋ cum certificatus fuerat, indulgentiam plenariam per universum orbem Christianis concessit. Cuius transumptum Reverendissimae Paternitati Vestrae praesentibus mitto.

Classis fert praeter omnem illius munitionem electos milites quadraginta milia peditum et duo milia equitum, quos loco et tempore congruis ad devastandum terras infidelium in portum educet, expensis pro sex diebus provisos.

Et tandem gratiae et patrocinio Reverendissimae Paternitati <s> Vestrae me commendo. Quam ab Omnipotenti Deo diutissime optime atque feliciter valere exopto.

Ex Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊UrbeRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋, die XIX Iunii anno Domini 1535.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae Jan Wysiecki ⌊Ioannes WiseczskyJan Wysiecki ⌋ capellanus

Reverendissimo in Christo patri et domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia episcopo WarmiensiIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, domino gratiosissimo

Reverendissime in Christo pater et domine, domine gratiosissime. Post humillimam mei commendationem.

Scio, Reverendissime Praesul, meas ad eandem litteras fore acceptas. Unde praesentibus eidem Reverendissimae Paternitati duxi significandum rem equidem iucundam ad laudem omnipotentis Dei et rei publicae valde commodam: hodie namque, Reverendissime Praesul, oratore maiestatis regiae praesente domino Ioanne Dzyadusky, praeposito, archidiacono, canonico Wladislaviensi, Posnaniensi, Calissiensi ecclesiarum regio secretario, domini de capitulo ecclesiae Wladislaviensis capitulario congregati unanimi voto magnificum ac illustrem dominum Lucam de Gorka palatinum Posnaniensem in suum praelatum ac pastorem in Dei nomine elegerunt, virum deificum, potentem et singularis prudentiae, verum et huic tam neglectae diocesi in parte haeresi infectae quam necessarium et cuius me tandem gratiae et patrocinio me et meos plurimum commendo. Quam dominus Deus diutissime optime atque feliciter conservare dignetur plurimum exopto.

Datum Włocławek (Vladislavia, Ladislavia, Leslau), city in northern Poland, Kujawy, on the Vistula river, episcopal see⌊WladislaviaeWłocławek (Vladislavia, Ladislavia, Leslau), city in northern Poland, Kujawy, on the Vistula river, episcopal see⌋, die Veneris quindecima mensis Februarii anno Domini M-o D-o XXXVIII-o.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Paternitatis Vestrae Jan Wysiecki ⌊Ioannes WiseczskiJan Wysiecki ⌋ decretorum doctor, canonicus, Wladislaviensis capellanus