AAWO, AB, D. 4, f. 110v

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ Dei gratia episcopo Culmensi, Domino suo in maioribus semper observando

AAWO, AB, D. 4, f. 109r

Cum sui humillima commendatione plurimam salutem et perpetuam felicitatem optat. Amplissime clarissimeque antistes.

Quod et ignotus et rudis Tuam Celsitudinem ineptis scriptis ita libere seu verius temere interpellare ausus sim, non iniuria profecto impudentiae macula essem aspergendus. Verumenimvero cum ex domini Erazm Aichler (†1576), Cracow patrician and evangelical, several times accused of favoring the Reformation (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌊parentis meiErazm Aichler (†1576), Cracow patrician and evangelical, several times accused of favoring the Reformation (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌋ litteris iam iam acceptis intellexerim, quanto beneficio me absentem ac plane immeritum Tua Celsitudo affecerit, non potui non saltem vel brevi epistula continuo gratum animum significare.

Saepius equidem Tuae Celsitudinis liberalitatem tam erga studiosos, quam ceteros omnes, omnium ore constanter predicari audivi, nunc vero isthanc communem hominum de Tua Celsitudine opinionem longe verissimam cognosco sentioque. Quin ipsemet Tuae Celsitudinis munificentiae incomparabilem magnitudinem ubique honorificentissime profiteri et effere auspicor. Tua enim Celsitudo, dum superioAAWO, AB, D. 4, f. 109vribus probably Diet of Poland ⌊comitiisprobably Diet of Poland ⌋ Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋ celebratis apud dominum Erazm Aichler (†1576), Cracow patrician and evangelical, several times accused of favoring the Reformation (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌊parentemErazm Aichler (†1576), Cracow patrician and evangelical, several times accused of favoring the Reformation (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌋ meum ageret, studiis meis annuum subsidium et sponte pollicita est et libenter constituit. Deus immortalis, quam excellens hoc ms. haec(!) ⌈hochoc ms. haec(!) ⌉ est divinae propemodum benignitatis signum! Ac dicendo minime consequi possum, quantopere mihi subinde gratuler, quod princeps nomine et eruditione, domi forisque illustrissimus, adeo propensus et alacer maecenas studiis meis contigerit. Ob hanc igitur haud vulgarem donationem et effusam benevolentiam Tuae Celsitudini accuratissimas gratias agere deberem, sed cum res ipsa prolixiori orationis circuitu egeat, cum denique optimi viri, cui hasce dedi litteras festina abitio urgeat, in aliud commodius tempus repono, ubi nempe copiosius demerendi voluntatem exponere licuerit.

Unum hoc modo adiiciam: persuasissimum esse velim Tuae Celsitudini omnes meorum studiorum conatus et fructus in Tuae Celsitudinis AAWO, AB, D. 4, f. 110r laudem, honorem, commodum redundaturos. At summis precibus a Tua Celsitudine contendo me interea, quamtumvis indignum, certe promptissimum, suis clientulis adnumerare dignetur, ex sola enim gratia Tuae Celsitudinis me beatissimum iudico. Cui me iterum atque iterum de meliori nota commendo.

Deus Optimus Maximus Tuam Celsitudinem nobis quam diutissime in florenti valetudine conservet.

Datum Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊RomaeRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋, 10 Aprilis, anno salutis humanae 1537.

Tuae Celsitudinis humillimus et addictissimus clientulus Stanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌊Stanislaus AichlerStanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌋ Cracoviensis

BCz, 1595, p. 852

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri, Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia episcopo VarmiensiIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, domino et patrono observandissimo et incomparabili

BCz, 1595, p. 849

Salutem. Praemissa humillima sui commendatione.

Amplissime Princeps et incomparabilis ms. incomparabalis(!) ⌈incomparabilisincomparabilis ms. incomparabalis(!) ⌉ maecenas.

Ex Italy (Italia)⌊ItaliaItaly (Italia)⌋ impletis parentum amicorumque votis, in patriam sospes reversus, nolui committere, quin ad Tuam Celsitudinem quam primum scriberem. Nam et optimus et carissimus parens meus multa mihi de Tua Celsitudine praedicavit, ac eiusmodi quidem, quae cum eximiam liberalitatem significabant, tum optatam firmamque spem ostendebant, commemorabatur enim Tuam Celsitudinem (cum hic ageret hospitioque uteretur) benignissime non solum obtulisse, verum etiam promisisse auxilium studiis meis, deinde vero Tuam Celsitudinem erga se non vulgarem benevolentiam atque adeo amicitiam a multis iam annis contractam et assidua consuetudine corroboratam prolixe recitabat.

Quocirca immortales a me Tuae Celsitudini habentur gratiae pro tanto beneficio, quod ego in caelum pono, ac quamvis maxime ob coniuctionem, quae Tuae Celsitudini cum patre arctissima intercedit, summam eiusmodi munificentiam mihi Tua Celsitudo exhibere BCz, 1595, p. 850 proposuerit. Tamen pervasissimum sit, Tuam Amplitudinem etiam atque etiam oro, me scilicet toto pectore conaturum, ne sim vel segnis, vel impar, in promerendi studio. In quo parentis vestigia, si non superare, certe sequi constantissimo animo decrevi. Maiori profecto et gratiori obligationis genere Tuae Celsitudini obstringar cum susceptum a me studiorum munus Tuae Celsitudinis benignitas sublevaverit, et sustentaverit. Vitam enim mihi donari arbitror, si tantummodo tranquille in studiis agere liceat.

Singularis demum spes mentem meam subiit de patrocinio Tuae Celsitudinis, cum optimum et carissimum parentem meum tam stabili amicitia iunctum esse intellexi, ac iam eo certior, posteaquam audivi nuper Tuam Celsitudinem ad altiorem dignitatis gradum pervenisse. Quantam vero ex ea re laetitiam conceperim, dicendo minime consequi possum, plane adhuc exsultare cogor. Discuperem medius fidius, ut quemadmodum Tuae Amplitudinis virtus doctrina liberalitas promeretur in summum dignitatis locum Tua Amplitudo constitueretur, quod quidem ego brevi futurum spero et cupi BCz, 1595, p. 851 dissime exopto. In dies immo in horas Dei Optimi Maximi clementiam imploro, dignetur Tuae Celsitudini fortunas saluberrimas auctissimasque reddere.

Nil aliud iam restat, quam ut Celsitudo Tua me amore, gratia, favore, praesidio complecti velit ac inter suos clientulos numerari pateretur, ego vero sancte polliceor meam accuratissimam operam, mea perpetua officia. Ac si quem in studiis fructum adeptus sum, eum omnem in Tuae Amplitudinis honorem conferre deliberam: mox denique, ubi otium fuerit, faciam, ut et meas musas Tua Celsitudo laudes audiat canentes.

Deus pientissimus Tuam Celsitudinem in florentissima atque prosperrima valetudine quam diutissime nobis conservet. Cuius benignitati me de meliori nota commendo atque totum trado.

Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌈Dat(ae)Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌉ Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋, 1 die Decembris, anno Christi 15373[1].

Tuae Cels(itudini) or Cels(itudinis)⌈Cels(itudini)Cels(itudini) or Cels(itudinis)⌉ perpetuo addictissimus clientulus Stanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌊Stanislaus AichlerusStanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌋ i(uris) p(eritus)[2]

[1] die Decembris, anno Christi 1537 with the other pen and ink but in the same hand.

[2] p(eritus) corrected in the other hand from I(uris) U(triusque) D(octor).

BCz, 1597, p. 116

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia Episcopo VarmiensiIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, domino et patrono suo gratiosissimo

BCz, 1597, p. 113

Post humillimam et perpetuam sui commendationem, omne felicitatis incrementum optat.

Reverendissime Domine, Maecenas munificentissime.

Nolui commitere, quin ad Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam, quantumvis rudes litteras exararem, maxime cum famulus Reverendissimae Dominationis Tuae (qui quidem in parentis aedes divertit) hinc reditum pararet, ne si tam opportunam scribendi facultatem intermitterem, id meae ingratitudini, ne dicam stultitiae, merito assignaretur. Equidem illud immortale beneficium, quo me Reverendissima Dominatio Tua hinc discedens locupletissime ornavit, alto pectore fixum manet. Ac mediusfidius interea, mihi nil est magis in optatis, quam ut possim qualiter qualem demerendi occasionem arripere, quam si aliquando consecutus fuero, me gratum et memorem, Reveredissima Dominatio Tua sentiet. Sed malim re ipsa meum istiusmodi animum quam calami stratis verbis, quae mihi quoque desunt, declarare. Itaque rem ipsam, quae voluntatem egregiam comprobet, summo cum desiderio, omni cum diligentia expectabo et iocunda promptitudine offeram.

Etsi me non lateat omnia quae hic vel geruntur, vel audiuntur, a maximis viris certissime Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae BCz, 1597, p. 114 perscribi, nihilominus tamen et ego nonnula Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae significare statui, ut aliquod tantummodo officii signum praeberem.

Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊Serenissimus rex noster iuniorSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋ nuper ab exercitu rediit, quem quidem admirabili cum animi dexteritate perlustrasse fertur. Rediit, inquam, cum splendidissima numerosissima et suspicienda panoplia. Ipsemet totus ac totus armorum insigni decore illustrabatur. Dicendo consequi non possum, quantus in spectando concursus et aplausus exstiterit afluentis populi.

Inter Petru IV Raresh (Petrylo) (*ca. 1487 – †1546), 1527-1538 and 1541-1546 Hospodar of Moldavia⌊ValachumPetru IV Raresh (Petrylo) (*ca. 1487 – †1546), 1527-1538 and 1541-1546 Hospodar of Moldavia⌋ et exercitum nostrum pax firma constituta est, iis conditionibus, ut nempe illa regio Pockuczie intercepta restituatur integra atque illata damna resarciantur, quae arbitrio serenissimorum regum, Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊FerdinandiFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ et John Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌊IoannisJohn Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌋ aestimari debent. Denique praestitum est iuramentum, nullam in posterum rebellionem adversus Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊regnum PoloniaePoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ motum iri.

Aiunt Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊Turcarum imperatoremSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ populosissimis cum copiis ad Duchy of Moldavia (Valachia, Hospodarstwo Mołdawskie), country between the eastern Carpathians, the Dniester and the Danube delta, from 1456 a fiefdom of Turkey, where Polish and Turkish influences clashed in the 15th-16th centuries. The Latin name Valachia was widely used in Poland at the time to describe Moldavia, and not the Duchy of Wallachia, which was further south⌊MoldaviaeDuchy of Moldavia (Valachia, Hospodarstwo Mołdawskie), country between the eastern Carpathians, the Dniester and the Danube delta, from 1456 a fiefdom of Turkey, where Polish and Turkish influences clashed in the 15th-16th centuries. The Latin name Valachia was widely used in Poland at the time to describe Moldavia, and not the Duchy of Wallachia, which was further south⌋ fines venisse atque cogitare impressionem facere in Transylvania, region in the central part of Romania, bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range. Historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains⌊TransylvaniamTransylvania, region in the central part of Romania, bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range. Historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains⌋, ubi John Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌊rex IoannesJohn Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌋ validissimam militum manum collectam habet. BCz, 1597, p. 115 Decrevit The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊TurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ impetum fortiter excipere. Huic quoque Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ et Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊FerdinandusFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ auxiliares copias miserunt, quibus dominus Hieronim Łaski (Jarosław Łaski, Hieronymus de Lasco) (*1496 – †1541), diplomat in the service of Sigismund I Jagiellon and John I Zápolya, representing them in diplomatic contacts with Ferdinand I of Habsburg and Sultan Suleiman I; 1520-1522 Crown Carver, 1522-1523 Voivode of Inowrocław, 1523-1541 Voivode of Sieradz, from 1528 Zupan of the Spiš district; from 1530 Voivode of Transylvania (PSB 18, p. 225-229)⌊LasckyHieronim Łaski (Jarosław Łaski, Hieronymus de Lasco) (*1496 – †1541), diplomat in the service of Sigismund I Jagiellon and John I Zápolya, representing them in diplomatic contacts with Ferdinand I of Habsburg and Sultan Suleiman I; 1520-1522 Crown Carver, 1522-1523 Voivode of Inowrocław, 1523-1541 Voivode of Sieradz, from 1528 Zupan of the Spiš district; from 1530 Voivode of Transylvania (PSB 18, p. 225-229)⌋ praeest. Faxit clementissimus Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊ChristusJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋, ut tandem istius infestissimi tiranni intolerabilis potentia infringatur. Cuius rei nunc spes quam optima passim illucescit, dum universus fere Christianorum orbis incipit paratam concordiam longe lateque diffundere. Quod faustum felix et perpetuum sit.

De meo statu quaedam adscribere placuit. Cracow Town Council ⌊Senatus CracoviensisCracow Town Council ⌋ decrevit me suis actis et epistulis superiorem praeficere, idque me inscio nec tale quidquam ambiente. Ita mihi nudiustertius dominus pater retulit, qui id temporis magistri civium officio fungitur. Ego quid faciam? Non sane contemnam istiusmodi insperatam vocationem. Deinde vero parentis et amicorum consiliis acquiescam. Postremo patriae commodis studere cupio. Nec parum iuvabit studiorum meorum rationem iste domesticus usus forensis. Perspectis enim patriis ins<ti>tutis atque iudiciis in Italy (Italia)⌊ItaliamItaly (Italia)⌋ redire stat sententia. Quo tum cum fructu iuris studia repeterem, multorum in hac scientia doctissimorum virorum et vetera et nova exempla docent. Deus mea coepta feliciter promoveat.

Quod superest, enixe Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam oro, dignetur ignoscere meae sat ineptae ac nimium familiari verbositati, in quam (illectus innata facilitate et perspecta gratia Reverendissimae Dominationis Tuae) incidi. Ac demum illud unum enixissime a Reverendissima Dominatione Tua contendo, velit me in clientulorum suorum album reponere, quo mihi profecto nil antiquius nil optatius esse potest. Deus Optimus alacrem amoenam et felicem vitam Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae in longum proroget, ex animo etiam atque etiam precor.

Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌈Dat(ae)Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌉ Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋, 13 die Septembris, anno a partu Virginis 1538.

Eiusdem Reverendissimae Dominationis addictissimus clientulus doctor Stanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌊Stanislaus AichlerStanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌋

BCz, 1597, p. 304

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊IoanniIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ Dei gratia Episcopo Varmiensi, domino et maecenati suo unico

BCz, 1597, p. 289

Salutem ac tranquillae felicitatis uberrimam accessionem optat.

Reverendissime Domine, idemque incomporabilis Maecenas.

Redditae mihi sunt cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Stanisław AICHLER before 1538-11-11, most probably end of October, CIDTC IDL 6679, letter lost⌊litteraecf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Stanisław AICHLER before 1538-11-11, most probably end of October, CIDTC IDL 6679, letter lost⌋ a Reverendissima Dominatione Tua scriptae. Nulla sane orationis prolixitate complecti possum, quanto videlicet gaudio me totum ipse perfuderint, in quantam admirationem rubore coloratam rapuerint, ad quantum promptitudinis studium excitaverint, in quantam spem adduxerint. Ita enim desiderium meum expleverunt, ut nil supra omnem plane meam exspectationem superarunt. cf. Stanisław AICHLER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Cracow, 1538-09-13, CIDTC IDL 1918⌊Meascf. Stanisław AICHLER to Ioannes DANTISCUS Cracow, 1538-09-13, CIDTC IDL 1918⌋ Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae fuisse gratas vehementissime quidem laetor, sed eas tamen adeo eximia comendatione dignas esse non cognosco. Quam ego vicissim gratus et laetus ipsas a Reverendissima Dominatione Tua exaratas exosculatus sim vel coniecturae signum indicat. Breviter (hic me verba deficiunt) nulla ex parte satis pro dignitate et veritate laudari possunt. Quod vero plus nimium benevolam silentii excusationem Reverendissima Dominatio Tua attulerit, ea mihi res et maximam incredibilis humanitatis Reverendissimae Dominationis Tuae admirationem peperit, et insignem pudorem humilioris meae conditionis excussit. Qua enim fronte talem excusationem a summae auctoritatis et fortunae viro, a praecipuo patrono infimus tenuis cliens accipiat? Illud autem magis eleganter et urbane quam vere – scilicet mali fictoris et pictoris nomen sibimet assumit. Quin immo eiusmodi fictor et pictor apud me inter summos nostrates primas obtinet et iure.

Deinde quod Reverendissima Dominatio Tua cupit et exhortatur, ut nova latius et fusius perscribam, id quidem ac lubens, et peralacriter fecero. Sed certe vereor, ne mea ista copia (quam satis liberaliter polliceor) meam ineptam inopiam citius prodam. Utcumque sit, ego voluntati Reverendissimae Dominationis Tuae et confidenter acquiescam, et pro virili serviam maxime, cum certior factus sim me vel hoc levi officio Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam gratificari atque benignam propensitatem Reverendissimae Dominationis Tuae promereri posse. Hanc igitur optatissimam gratificandi occasionem firmissime tenebo, hanc denique felicem spem in sinu accurate fovebo ac iam susceptum officium aggrediar. Sed obsecro, ne semper adhibeat Reverendissima Dominatio Tua legendo acerrimas illas et prorsus atticas aures, neque credat omnia ex oraculo Apollo one of the twelve great Olympian gods, son of Zeus and Leto, twin brother of Artemis⌊ApollinisApollo one of the twelve great Olympian gods, son of Zeus and Leto, twin brother of Artemis⌋ proficisci. Meminerit me styli poenas nondum effugisse, meminerit eorum, quae scribuntur, nonnulla esse rumores.

Etsi hoc iam notum isthic puto, tamen referre libet simul atque nostrates bonis quibusdam conditionibus inierant foedus cum Petru IV Raresh (Petrylo) (*ca. 1487 – †1546), 1527-1538 and 1541-1546 Hospodar of Moldavia⌊Valachiae palatinoPetru IV Raresh (Petrylo) (*ca. 1487 – †1546), 1527-1538 and 1541-1546 Hospodar of Moldavia⌋, cum quo res erat bellica. Turcarum Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊imperatorSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ collectis immensis copiis ingenti cum vi in Duchy of Wal(l)achia (Valachia), country in central Europe stretching northwards from the lower Danube river, southern from the Duchy of Moldavia⌊ValachiamDuchy of Wal(l)achia (Valachia), country in central Europe stretching northwards from the lower Danube river, southern from the Duchy of Moldavia⌋ impressionem fecit ac universum The Valachs ⌊populum ValachicumThe Valachs ⌋ sine caede quam celerrime subegit, apertis portis urbes libere occupavit, Petru IV Raresh (Petrylo) (*ca. 1487 – †1546), 1527-1538 and 1541-1546 Hospodar of Moldavia⌊palatinum ValachiaePetru IV Raresh (Petrylo) (*ca. 1487 – †1546), 1527-1538 and 1541-1546 Hospodar of Moldavia⌋ a suis omnibus tam magnatibus et nobilibus, quam ceteris militibus, destitutum fugavit et expulit, ac statim alterum ad tenenda gubernacula palatinatus Valachiae designavit sub iusta restitutionis causa quasi verum et legittimum heredem. Superior enim, ut fertur, Valachiae palatinus, qui hunc expulsum antecesserat, cum obiisset, uxorem gravidam reliquerat, sed quoniam ea ipsa Constantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌊ConstantinopoliConstantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌋ orta fuerat et intolerabili odio apud The Valachs ⌊Valachicam gentemThe Valachs ⌋ laboraverat, patriam repetiit. Illic tandem posthumum enixa fuit, quem tenera aetate imperatoris Turcarum aulae addixit. Is vero apud imperatorem subinde auctiori gratia florebat, quae quidem iam eo exercuit, ut recuperatam patris ditionem plene possideat.

Prior Valachiae palatinus, cum ad quasdam arces, quas in Transylvania, region in the central part of Romania, bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range. Historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains⌊TransylvaniaeTransylvania, region in the central part of Romania, bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range. Historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains⌋ finibus tenebat, veluti ad asylum confugisset, inibi omnino indignante fortuna a suomet praefecto miserrime captus est. Incidit in suorum insperatas insidias. Frater ad ducem Heliam Constantinowycz, uxor cum liberis et aliqua pecuniarum parte ad dominum probably Mikołaj Iskrzycki (*ca. 1480 – †1540), participant in the battle of Orsza; commander of the troops (rotmistrz) of the permanent defense force (obrona potoczna); 1513 pantler of Kamieniec; 1530 chamberlain of Kamieniec; 1534 starosta of Śniatyń; 1536 - of Kamieniec⌊Iskriczkyprobably Mikołaj Iskrzycki (*ca. 1480 – †1540), participant in the battle of Orsza; commander of the troops (rotmistrz) of the permanent defense force (obrona potoczna); 1513 pantler of Kamieniec; 1530 chamberlain of Kamieniec; 1534 starosta of Śniatyń; 1536 - of Kamieniec⌋ confugit in oppidum Camyenyecz. Hac peracta bellica tragoedia, Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊imperator TurcarumSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ cum suis copiis domum pedem retulit ob nimiam atrocitatem pestis. Deliberaverat eam hibernare in Duchy of Wal(l)achia (Valachia), country in central Europe stretching northwards from the lower Danube river, southern from the Duchy of Moldavia⌊ValachiaDuchy of Wal(l)achia (Valachia), country in central Europe stretching northwards from the lower Danube river, southern from the Duchy of Moldavia⌋, sed aliter cecidit. Misit inde huc ad Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiam maiestatemSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ legatum quendam, cui nomen Jan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌊KerdeiJan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌋, Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊PoloniaPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ ortum. Is publicitus apud Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiam maiestatemSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ sui Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊imperatorisSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ egregium animum exposuit et commendavit. Quod nempe Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiae maiestatisSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ perfidum hostem penitus everterit et extrema calamitate afflixerit. Proinde dignum et aequum esse contestatus est, ut vicissim Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regia maiestasSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ eodem foret animo in hostes sui Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊imperatorisSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ adiecitque cum exhortatione solitam clausulam: „Velit esse amicus amico, inimicus inimico”. Insuper quaedam in privato consiliariorum consiliariorum consessu retulit: sed ea me latent. Posterior Valachiae palatinus misit huc quendam a cubiculis nuntium. Is litteras ad Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiam maiestatemSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ attulit, quibus petitum est, ut captivi Valachi redderentur, ut legati expulsi palatini (qui huc venerant) primo quoque tempore absolvere written over a⌈aereere written over a⌉ntur, ut libere ac secure profectionis diploma, delecto legato, praeberetur. Haec singula impetrata sunt a Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regia maiestateSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋. Nam captivorum turba, probe vestita, in Duchy of Wal(l)achia (Valachia), country in central Europe stretching northwards from the lower Danube river, southern from the Duchy of Moldavia⌊ValachiamDuchy of Wal(l)achia (Valachia), country in central Europe stretching northwards from the lower Danube river, southern from the Duchy of Moldavia⌋ est remissa, cum et nostrates vestibus amicti postliminio redierint. Legati expulsi palatini iam discesserunt, at nescio quo. Petitum diploma exhibitum est. Nuper itaque huiusmodi legatus advenit, qui exspectabatur. Is retulit Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiae maiestatiSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ novum hunc palatinum foederi, quod cum expulso transactum est, acquiescere atque adiunctas conditiones observare velle. Ac esse firmae huius sententiae, ut more maiorum, utrimque fines integri et illaesi maneant, praeterea liberum iter Polonis negotiatoribus tam in ipsius regionem, quam in Ottoman Empire (Turkey, Turcia)⌊TurciamOttoman Empire (Turkey, Turcia)⌋ concedere. Denique petere, ut uxor expulsi una cum liberis et asportato pecuniarum cumulo tradatur. Idem legatus obtulit Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiae maiestatiSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ litteras ab Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊imperatore TurcarumSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ scriptas, quibus partim commendatur restitutus palatinus, partim serio postulatur, ut regia maiestas expulsi on the margin⌈expulsiexpulsi on the margin⌉ uxorem liberos et thesaurum ad restitutum deferri curet sponte. Quidnam responsum sit, ignoro. Mihi profecto verbulum sponte minime placet, sonat enim sinistram et ominosam interpretationem. Quamvis id meo fragili iudicio non subiaceat, ego tamen simplici coniectura ductus vereor, ut ista monstrosa et dolosa Africa, the continent⌊AffricaAfrica, the continent⌋ (quae in viciniam nostram proxime commigravit) aliquid, ut plerumque assolet, novi hoc est mali parturiat. Quin et aures meas obtundit vetus illud dictum: ”Vicinus malus et potens mala crux” et exitium Deus clementissimus nos viderit.

Iam celebrata sunt comitiorum praeludia, non tamen citra dissensionem. Iterum equestris ordo nuntiorum suorum numero dominum Marcin Zborowski (*ca. 1492 – †1565)⌊SborowskyMarcin Zborowski (*ca. 1492 – †1565)⌋ adscripsit. Locus comitiorum hic designatus est propter imbecillam valetudinem Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiae maiestatisSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋, quae nunc decumbit, sed non adeo periculose, quemadmodum in arce Niepołomice, town in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, on the edge of a big forest called Puszcza Niepołomicka, 25 km E of Cracow, residence of Polish kings of Jagiellon dynasty; favourite place of royal huntings⌊NiepolomyszNiepołomice, town in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, on the edge of a big forest called Puszcza Niepołomicka, 25 km E of Cracow, residence of Polish kings of Jagiellon dynasty; favourite place of royal huntings⌋ decubuerat.

In dies exspectatur adventus ducis Heliae Constantinowycz. Nuptiarum apparatus omnino est adornatus. Nil deest, nisi praesentia sponsi.

Venio iam ad externa. Ferunt Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊Galliarum regemFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ ipsummet stipatum lectissimorum viginti millibus militum adversus Turcam ineunte vere profecturum una cum caesare, qui sine ulla cunctatione parat exercitum terra marique potentem. Spes optima et salutaris illucescit Christianorum orbi futurum iam, ut coniunctis horum duorum principum validissimis viribus Turcica tirannis infringatur et funditus conteratur. Separatis enim armis The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊TurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ violentissimus impetus vix unquam reprimeretur. Deus imortalis tandem suum populum diu multumque misere iactatum respiciat.

De John II Sigismund Zápolya (János Zsigmond Szapolyai) (*1540 – †1571), 1540-1570 King of Hungary; son of John Zápolya King of Hungary, and Queen Isabella Jagiellon (daughter of Sigismund I Jagiellon)⌊rege IoanneJohn II Sigismund Zápolya (János Zsigmond Szapolyai) (*1540 – †1571), 1540-1570 King of Hungary; son of John Zápolya King of Hungary, and Queen Isabella Jagiellon (daughter of Sigismund I Jagiellon)⌋ varius est rumor: alii aiunt eum tributariam obligationem obtulisse Turcarum Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊imperatoriSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋, alii vero constanter affirmant eum moliri expiditionem contra The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊TurcasThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ et statuisse initio veris communem Christianorum principum impressionem ex altera parte promovere atque adiuvare. Utinam id certo certius esset. Hoc paene praeterii, quod maxime cupiebam esse notum Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae. Quid igitur paucis ante dies intra domesticos parietes acciderit, audiat supradictus Jan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌊KerdeiJan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌋ legatus Turcarum Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊imperatorisSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ paulum post legationis defunctum munus quendam puerum honesto et nobili loco apud Austriacos natum in illa infausta Stiriensi clade captum (quem huc secum adduxerat) noctu amisit. Is enim circiter secundam noctis horam e fenestra per funem tacite ac paper damaged⌈[c]c paper damaged⌉ clandestine per funem delapsus est. Aderant tum auctores fugae nigris vestibus induti (ut pauperes scholastici retulerunt), habentes equos instructos. Hii delapsum sustulerunt ac subito ex civitate abduxerunt. Postquam illuxit, puer aberat, funis relictus pendebat. Jan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌊KerdeiJan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌋, ubi vidit ablatum esse puerum, mirificam tragoediam concitavit, nam adeo singulari amore complectebatur eum puerum, ut nulla redemptione potuerit umquam a se avelli. Confestim id Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiae maiestatiSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ significare curavit ac impetravit omnes portas occludi et interea investigari puerum in singulis domibus, publicato severo edicto, quod et bonorum et capitis extremum periculum minabatur ei, qui fugitivum suscepisset et calaret. Post longam investigationem puer nusquam est repertus. Portae sunt reclusae. Ecce autem, quo casu iste levissimus et mendacissimus Jan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌊KerdeiJan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌋ primum Erazm Aichler (†1576), Cracow patrician and evangelical, several times accused of favoring the Reformation (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌊patriErazm Aichler (†1576), Cracow patrician and evangelical, several times accused of favoring the Reformation (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌋ meo actionem seu potius crimen plagii coram Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regia maiestateSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ intendit, deinde fratribus meis, postremo unico fratri Jan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌊IoanniJan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌋. Pater valde fuerat, ut ex improviso, conturbatus. Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊Regia maiestasSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ huius causae cognitionem magnifico domino Piotr Kmita Sobieński (*1477 – †1553), 1512 starosta of Przemyśl; 1518 court marshal; 1523 starosta of Spiš; starosta of Koło; 1527 castellan of Wojnicz; 1529 Crown grand marshal; 1532 castellan of Sandomierz; 1533 starosta of Cracow; 1535 voivode of Sandomierz; 1536 voivode of Cracow (PSB 13, p. 97)⌊palatino CracoviensiPiotr Kmita Sobieński (*1477 – †1553), 1512 starosta of Przemyśl; 1518 court marshal; 1523 starosta of Spiš; starosta of Koło; 1527 castellan of Wojnicz; 1529 Crown grand marshal; 1532 castellan of Sandomierz; 1533 starosta of Cracow; 1535 voivode of Sandomierz; 1536 voivode of Cracow (PSB 13, p. 97)⌋ palatino mandavit. Jan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌊KerdeiJan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌋ itaque patrem, mox ubi se purgaverat, missum fecit, adortus est fratres: Erazm Aichler Jr Cracow patrician, brother of Stanisław Aichler (PSB 1, p. 33)⌊ErasmumErazm Aichler Jr Cracow patrician, brother of Stanisław Aichler (PSB 1, p. 33)⌋, suam innocentiam cum declarasset, absolutum discedere passus est; demum Jan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌊IoannemJan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌋ solum pertinacissime aggressus est. Arripuerat enim suspitionem de fratribus ex eo, quod pridie antequam puer fugisset, attulerant ipsi nonnullos pannos inspiciendos, quibus Erazm Aichler (†1576), Cracow patrician and evangelical, several times accused of favoring the Reformation (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌊paterErazm Aichler (†1576), Cracow patrician and evangelical, several times accused of favoring the Reformation (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌋ misericordia motus statuerat redimere quendam captivum Germanum nobilem, quem Jan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌊KerdeiJan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌋ huc secum veluti fideiussor<em> adduxerat persuasu legati nostri, qui fuerat in Ottoman Empire (Turkey, Turcia)⌊TurciaOttoman Empire (Turkey, Turcia)⌋, alterius enim servus erat. Inde impudentissimus homo constanter asserebat maxime Jan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌊IoannemJan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌋ fratrem id temporis schedulam proiecisse ad pedes pueri, puerumque sustulisse eam, qua et consilium et auxilium fugae intellexerit. Urgebatur Jan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌊IoannesJan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌋, iterum atque iterum ad magnificum dominum Piotr Kmita Sobieński (*1477 – †1553), 1512 starosta of Przemyśl; 1518 court marshal; 1523 starosta of Spiš; starosta of Koło; 1527 castellan of Wojnicz; 1529 Crown grand marshal; 1532 castellan of Sandomierz; 1533 starosta of Cracow; 1535 voivode of Sandomierz; 1536 voivode of Cracow (PSB 13, p. 97)⌊palatinum CracoviensemPiotr Kmita Sobieński (*1477 – †1553), 1512 starosta of Przemyśl; 1518 court marshal; 1523 starosta of Spiš; starosta of Koło; 1527 castellan of Wojnicz; 1529 Crown grand marshal; 1532 castellan of Sandomierz; 1533 starosta of Cracow; 1535 voivode of Sandomierz; 1536 voivode of Cracow (PSB 13, p. 97)⌋ vocabatur. Tandem, cum de puero diligentius interrogaretur, firme ac vere negavit unquam sibi cum hoc puero quidquam fuisse, de schedula vero me cogitasse quidem attestatus est. Deinde adiecit hoc se tantum de puero scire, quippe quod Germanus nobilis (quem pater deliberaverat redimere) retulerit Turcico legato esse quendam puerum Germanum, quem probe nosceret ut vicinum, cui ipse cuperet consultum iri fuga et iam nonnullos exstare, qui occasionem abducendi quaererent. Simul atque huiusmodi testimonium audierat, Jan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌊KerdeiJan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌋ Jan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌊IoannemJan Aichler (Johann Eichler) (†1556 or later), Cracow patrician; in 1541 ennobled by Charles V of Habsburg; in 1542 received Polish indygenat; 1534-1535 Cracow alderman; 1536-1555 - town councillor (PSB 1, p. 33; NOGA, p. 283)⌋ abolitione facta reliquit et in illum Germanum omnem culpam transtulit, ut vero cum illo egerit, mihi ignotum est. Unum hoc scio Germanum ab aliis redemptum iam hinc discessisse. Quo pacto ea res transacta sit, me latet, in summa penitus est sopita. Puto auctores et fortasse ex nostris nobilibus esse perscrutatos et cognitos. Iste vanissimus et perfidus apostata (ignoscat Reverendissima Dominatio Tua iusto dolori) odio dignus aestimari debet, qui temere ad tam improbam accusationem processerit iuxta sententiam Herennius Modestinus ancient, celebrated Roman jurist, a student of Ulpian⌊ModestiniHerennius Modestinus ancient, celebrated Roman jurist, a student of Ulpian⌋ iurisconsulti. Quin merito incidisset in poenam senatusconsulti Turpiliani, sed habet amplum excusationis praetextum et quod maius est, dominum, cuius potentia omnibus (miserum) venerationi et timori esse caepit. Silent leges inter ar paper damaged⌈[ar]ar paper damaged⌉ma.

Puerum aestimabat quingentis aureis, affirmabat enim se Constantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌊ConstantinopoliConstantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌋ Affricano seu barbarico, ut vocant, equo, qui tanti constiterat, commutasse.

Quod superest, vehementer oro Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam, velit styli mei ineptias aequis auribus ferre. Prolixam verbositatem cur excusem, non video, cum Reverendissima Dominatio Tua sit huius causa et auctor. Cui me quam maxime totum commendo, Deus clementissimus Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam faustam felicem et salvam diutissime servet.

De loco comitiorum audio adhuc dubitari, nam Maioris Poloniae nobilitas, ut Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋ celebrentur, nequaquam assentiri vult.

Mitto Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae quandam Italicam paginulam de congressione pontificis, Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesarisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ et Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊Gallorum regisFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋, quae nuper Nice (Nizza, Nicaea), town and port on the southeastern coast of France, between Marseille and Genoa, from 1388 belonging to the counts and subsequently (from the 15th century) to the dukes of Savoy⌊NiceaeNice (Nizza, Nicaea), town and port on the southeastern coast of France, between Marseille and Genoa, from 1388 belonging to the counts and subsequently (from the 15th century) to the dukes of Savoy⌋ facta est. Eam Rome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌊RomaRome (Roma), city in central Italy, on the Tiber river, seat of the Holy See⌋ consecutus sum.

Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌈Dat(ae)Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌉ Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋, 13 die Novembris, anno a partu Virginis 1538.

Reverendissimae D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌈D(ominationis)D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌉ Tuae addictissimus clientulus doctor Stanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌊Stanislaus AichlerStanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌋

 BCz, 1597, p. 458

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia Episcopo Warmien paper damaged⌈[Warmien]Warmien paper damaged⌉siIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ Domino et patri paper damaged⌈[tri]tri paper damaged⌉ suo clementissimo[1]

BCz, 1597, p. 443

Placuit, Reverendissime Domine Maecenasque incomparabilis, ab eiusmodi quamvis sat inepto dysticho exordiri. Nam et ratio temporis postulabat, et Reverendissimae Dominationis Tuae multo benignissima precatio meam anticipans extorsit. Non leviter sane gaudeo meas qualescumque litteras tantopere Tuae Reverendissimae Dominationi esse gratas, nil enim mihi optatius evenire potuit, quam quod adeo viam opportunam gratificandi Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae ingressus si written over u⌈uii written over u⌉m. In hac itaque summa cum alacritate indefesso cursu pedem promovebo.

Quid apud nos vel audiatur, vel geratur novi, rudi ac tumultuoso potius, quam decoro et lento calamo Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae perscribere liberius prosequor. BCz, 1597, p. 444 Iam tandem comitiorum tractatio initium coepit. Utinam salubria consilia patriae universae nascerentur, licet audio consultationem de republica segniter admodum et frigide attingi. Propositum erat in consilio, quanam ratione regnum possit propugnari ab impressione alicuius gravioris hostis, ut Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊TurcaeSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋. Deinde consiliarii una cum rege in eam sententiam iverunt, quippe ut quo quisquam facultatibus esset abundantior, hoc numerosius contribueret ad excitandum commune praesidium, contra – quo quisque angustiorem domi rem haberet, hoc moderatius aes conferret. Quae quidem sententia laudatae aequitatis est plena. Eiusmodi decretum ad nuntios terrarum postremo relatum est. Hii vero post multam BCz, 1597, p. 445 animorum contentionem breviter responderunt se a suis priuilegiis ne latum unguem discessuros. Aliter respondissent, si meminissent temporibus assentiendum: quemadmodum et Cicero (Marcus Tullius Cicero) (*106 BC – †43 BC), Roman orator, writer and philosopher⌊CiceroCicero (Marcus Tullius Cicero) (*106 BC – †43 BC), Roman orator, writer and philosopher⌋ prudenter, in quodam eleganti loco disserit. Isti ipsi nuntii noluerunt plane iter Polonorum mercatorum Silesia (Śląsk), region mainly in today's southwestern Poland, in 1526-1741 under Habsburg rule as part of the Czech-Hungarian legacy of Ferdinand I⌊SilesiamSilesia (Śląsk), region mainly in today's southwestern Poland, in 1526-1741 under Habsburg rule as part of the Czech-Hungarian legacy of Ferdinand I⌋ versus recludi. Hanc tamen adversam eorum voluntatem vicit auctoritas Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiae maiestatisSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋, quae omnino cogitauit et mutuam vicinorum caritatem augere, et satisfacere tam enixi written over a⌈aii written over a⌉s petitionibus serenissimi Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊regis RomanorumFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋, qui vel hac sola de causa duos legatos huc miserat. Nuper isti quoque nuntii Cracow Town Council ⌊senatores CracoviensesCracow Town Council ⌋ ab eorum congregatione dimoverunt. Et quid non agitant turbulentissimi nobilissimae plebis BCz, 1597, p. 446 tribuni?

Frater expulsi palatini Valachiae traditus est in manus legati Turcici Jan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌊KerdeiJan Kierdej (Said bej) (*ca. 1490 – †after 1557), Polish nobleman and turcised in the service of the Ottoman Porte; son of Zygmunt Kierdej, starosta of Krasnystaw, captured during the Turkish invasion in 1498; 1531, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1538, 1539, 1541, 1543 envoy of Suleiman the Magnificent to Poland (PSB 12, p. 424-425)⌋ una cum uxore et liberis ab Mikołaj Iskrzycki (*ca. 1480 – †1540), participant in the battle of Orsza; commander of the troops (rotmistrz) of the permanent defense force (obrona potoczna); 1513 pantler of Kamieniec; 1530 chamberlain of Kamieniec; 1534 starosta of Śniatyń; 1536 - of Kamieniec⌊IskryczkyMikołaj Iskrzycki (*ca. 1480 – †1540), participant in the battle of Orsza; commander of the troops (rotmistrz) of the permanent defense force (obrona potoczna); 1513 pantler of Kamieniec; 1530 chamberlain of Kamieniec; 1534 starosta of Śniatyń; 1536 - of Kamieniec⌋ praefecto arcis Camyenyeczensis iussu regio. Devehitur ad Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊imperatorem TurcarumSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋. Aiunt eum, cum iam traderetur, valde dolenter deplorasse, quod tanta et iusta spe confugii esset fraudatus.

Ferunt novum Valachiae palatinum coepisse munitas arces exstruere in Valachicis finibus Pokuttya, region between upper Prut and Cheremosh rivers, from the 14th century within the Kingdom of Poland, in 1498 conquered by a Moldavian hospodar, and reconquered by Poland as a result of the Battle of Obertyn in 1531; today in Ukraine⌊PokucziePokuttya, region between upper Prut and Cheremosh rivers, from the 14th century within the Kingdom of Poland, in 1498 conquered by a Moldavian hospodar, and reconquered by Poland as a result of the Battle of Obertyn in 1531; today in Ukraine⌋ versus. Huius legati nuper huc aduenerunt, quid petant rescire non potui.

Non puto Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam ignorare nostram Jadwiga (Hedwig) Jagiellon (*1513 – †1573), 1535–1571 Electress of Brandenburg; wife of Joachim II Hektor von Hohenzollern, Elector of Brandenburg, daughter of Sigismund I Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Queen Barbara Zápolya⌊reginulam HedvigimJadwiga (Hedwig) Jagiellon (*1513 – †1573), 1535–1571 Electress of Brandenburg; wife of Joachim II Hektor von Hohenzollern, Elector of Brandenburg, daughter of Sigismund I Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Queen Barbara Zápolya⌋ Joachim II of Brandenburg Hector (Joachim II von Hohenzollern) (*1505 – †1571), son of Joachim I Nestor and Elisabeth von Oldenburg, 1524-1534 husband of Duchess Magdalena of Saxony, later (from 1535) of Jadwiga Jagiellon, daughter of King Sigismund I Jagiellon; 1535-1571 Prince-Elector of Brandenburg⌊marchioniJoachim II of Brandenburg Hector (Joachim II von Hohenzollern) (*1505 – †1571), son of Joachim I Nestor and Elisabeth von Oldenburg, 1524-1534 husband of Duchess Magdalena of Saxony, later (from 1535) of Jadwiga Jagiellon, daughter of King Sigismund I Jagiellon; 1535-1571 Prince-Elector of Brandenburg⌋ optatissimum Sigismund of Brandenburg (*1538 – †1566), son of Joachim II von Brandenburg Hektor and Jadwiga Jagiellon (daughter of the king Sigismund I); 1552 Archbishop of Magdeburg, Bishop of Halberstadt⌊filiumSigismund of Brandenburg (*1538 – †1566), son of Joachim II von Brandenburg Hektor and Jadwiga Jagiellon (daughter of the king Sigismund I); 1552 Archbishop of Magdeburg, Bishop of Halberstadt⌋ peperisse.

Dicunt legatos Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊TurcaeSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ ad Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊regiam maiestatemSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋ missos BCz, 1597, p. 447 iam in itinere esse.

Rumor hic emanavit, quod Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊rex FerdinandusFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ severe mandaverit Salamanca (Salamantica), city in western Spain, Castile and León , on the Tormes river, 200 km W of Madrid⌊SalamancamSalamanca (Salamantica), city in western Spain, Castile and León , on the Tormes river, 200 km W of Madrid⌋ comitem ab Orthenburg in ferreas compedes coniicere atque in perpetuum carcerem ad Neuenburg (Nowe), town in northern Poland, Pomerania, on the Vistula river, 19 km N of Graudenz⌊Novam CivitatemNeuenburg (Nowe), town in northern Poland, Pomerania, on the Vistula river, 19 km N of Graudenz⌋ deportare. Causam vero huius animadversionis esse iactitant proditionem, quam inter Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesaremCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ et Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊regem GalliaeFrancis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋ clandestina arte exercere solebat. Id an verum sit nec ne, dubito, cum propter eximiam gratiam, in qua semper apud Ferdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌊regem FerdinandumFerdinand I of Habsburg (*1503 – †1564), from 1521 Archduke of Austria, from 1526 King of Bohemia and Hungary, Croatia and Slavonia as Ferdinand I, 1531-1558 King of the Romans, 1558-1564 Holy Roman Emperor; son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile, a younger brother of Charles V of Habsburg⌋ vir ille potens fuerat, tum quod apud The Germans ⌊GermanosThe Germans ⌋ sat exulceratos summam invidiam sibi conflaverit.

Nolo Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam latere, quam egregia et probata instituta nuper in hac celeberrima ecclesia Cracoviensi magna cum laude pio exemplo eluxere. BCz, 1597, p. 448 Reverendus dominus Samuel Maciejowski (*1499 – †1550), humanist and diplomat, one of the most trusted advisors to King Sigismund I and then to his son Sigismund II Augustus; from 1521 Canon of the Collegiate Chapter in Sandomierz, and from 1530 in Kielce; from 1531 Canon of Gniezno; from 1532 or 1533 to 1537 royal secretary (previously scribe at the royal chancellery); 1537-1539 Grand Secretary; 1539-1547 Crown Vice-Chancellor; 1539-1541 Bishop of Chełm; 1541-1545 Bishop of Płock; 1545-1550 Bishop of Cracow; 1547-1550 Crown Grand Chancellor; in 1532 royal envoy to Rome; in 1534 and 1538 royal envoy to the local diets (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 257-258; Urzędnicy 10, p. 184; PSB 19 Machowski - Maria Kazimiera, p. 64-69)⌊Samuel MaczieyowskySamuel Maciejowski (*1499 – †1550), humanist and diplomat, one of the most trusted advisors to King Sigismund I and then to his son Sigismund II Augustus; from 1521 Canon of the Collegiate Chapter in Sandomierz, and from 1530 in Kielce; from 1531 Canon of Gniezno; from 1532 or 1533 to 1537 royal secretary (previously scribe at the royal chancellery); 1537-1539 Grand Secretary; 1539-1547 Crown Vice-Chancellor; 1539-1541 Bishop of Chełm; 1541-1545 Bishop of Płock; 1545-1550 Bishop of Cracow; 1547-1550 Crown Grand Chancellor; in 1532 royal envoy to Rome; in 1534 and 1538 royal envoy to the local diets (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 257-258; Urzędnicy 10, p. 184; PSB 19 Machowski - Maria Kazimiera, p. 64-69)⌋ ipso die, qui dedit initium comitiis, in summo templo eloquentissimam contionem habuit de pace concordiaque. Miram hinc apud omnes laudationem promeruit, cum quia dexterrime tam sacrum munus obiverit, tum quod se florentissimum antesignanum ceteris praebuerit. Breviter dicam quod sentio: unus hic iam est inter Polonos praelatos, qui ad virtutis gloriam maxime adspiret. Deus tam praeclara conanti gratiose respondeat.

Isthunc deinde secutus est reverendus written over m⌈mss written over m⌉ dominus doctor probably Jerzy Myszkowski (†1543), 1506-1510 royal scribe; at least in 1515-1532 royal secretary; 1517 canon of Gniezno; 1528 - of Cracow; 1532 Cracow archdeacon; 1525 royal envoy to Rome (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 258)⌊Myschkowskyprobably Jerzy Myszkowski (†1543), 1506-1510 royal scribe; at least in 1515-1532 royal secretary; 1517 canon of Gniezno; 1528 - of Cracow; 1532 Cracow archdeacon; 1525 royal envoy to Rome (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 258)⌋. Is quoque natali die Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊ChristiJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋ gravissima et sapientissima oratione functus est. Non me BCz, 1597, p. 449 diocrem inde commendationem maturi ingenii et singularis doctrinae reportavit. Deus bone, quam intentus rex senior ex huius ore pendebat perpetuo. Mox postremo haec vestigia pressit reverendus dominus Jan Wilamowski (*ca. 1500 – †1540), scribe to Vice-Chancellor Piotr Tomicki and his envoy to Rome; Canon of Poznań, Cracow and Kielce; 1536-1539 secretary to King Sigismund I, his envoy to Rome and to King Ferdinand I of Habsburg; 1539-1540 Bishop of Kamieniec (NITECKI, p. 222; WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 270)⌊VilamowskyJan Wilamowski (*ca. 1500 – †1540), scribe to Vice-Chancellor Piotr Tomicki and his envoy to Rome; Canon of Poznań, Cracow and Kielce; 1536-1539 secretary to King Sigismund I, his envoy to Rome and to King Ferdinand I of Habsburg; 1539-1540 Bishop of Kamieniec (NITECKI, p. 222; WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 270)⌋. Is natali die Sancti Ioannis et diserte et erudite grata cum lenitate concionatus est. A plurimum laudis adeptus est ex decora moderatione actionis et exquisito elegantium verborum Polonicorum artific written over t⌈tcc written over t⌉io. Licet meum non sit de tantis viris et temerarium iudicium facere, tamen quoniam mihi apud Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam mira scribendi fiducia pateat, proferre libuit pau written over pri(?)⌈pri(?)paupau written over pri(?)⌉cis quaenam sit mea sententia. Primus oratorem, secundus theologicum BCz, 1597, p. 450 contionatorem egit, tertius vero quiddam interiectum et intermedium tenuit. Ita decrevit reverendissimus Piotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌊episcopus CracoviensisPiotr Gamrat (*1487 – †1545), 1509-1518 parish priest in Wyszków; 1519 scholastic of Płock; 1526 Gniezno canon; 1528 dean of Płock; 1529 Warsaw scholastic; 1532-1538 general commissioner and admistrator of Crown lands in Masovia; provost at the chapter of St. Florian in the Kleparz district in Cracow, and later of St. Michael in Płock; 1531 bishop of Kamieniec; 1532 Dean of Warsaw; 1535 bishop of Przemyśl; 1538 - of Płock; 1538 - of Cracow; 1541 archbishop of Gniezno and primate (with the approval of the Holy See he retained the bishopric of Cracow) (PSB 7, 264-266)⌋ redintegrare veterem maiorum morem, qui quidem cunctis canonicis Cracoviensibus concionandi munus imponebat. Cogentur quoque, ut audio u, reliqui canonici ex ordine coeptum opus absolvere.

Superioribus diebus serenissimus Sigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌊AugustusSigismund II Augustus Jagiellon (Zygmunt II August) (*1520 – †1572), 1529-1572 Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled from 1544); 1530-1572 King of Poland (crowned vivente rege (ruled from 1548, after the death of his father); son of Sigismund I Jagiellon and Bona Sforza⌋ una cum serenissima sorore Isabella Jagiellon (*1519 – †1559), 1539-1559 Queen of Hungary; from 1539 wife of John Zápolya, King of Hungary, mother of John II Sigismund Zápolya; daughter of Sigismund Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Bona Sforza⌊IsabellaIsabella Jagiellon (*1519 – †1559), 1539-1559 Queen of Hungary; from 1539 wife of John Zápolya, King of Hungary, mother of John II Sigismund Zápolya; daughter of Sigismund Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Bona Sforza⌋ bis per urbem decurrit in illo comptissimo et pretiosissimo vehiculo, quod elapso anno dono miserat marchio. Elegans – edepol – et iucundum spectaculum edidit.

De Puteolani st agri stupenda conflagratione Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae significassem, ni BCz, 1597, p. 451 ex written over ...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉exex written over ...⌉ Mauritius (Moritz), at least in 1537-1547 servant of Ioannes Dantiscus, often sent with letters and packages to the royal court (CIDTC, e.g. IDL 1630, IDL 4476, IDL 3266, IDL 3279)⌊MauritioMauritius (Moritz), at least in 1537-1547 servant of Ioannes Dantiscus, often sent with letters and packages to the royal court (CIDTC, e.g. IDL 1630, IDL 4476, IDL 3266, IDL 3279)⌋ cognovissem iamdudum haec Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae esse nota.

Scribitur mihi ex Bologna (Bononia), city in Italy at the southern end of the plain of the Po valley, between 1506 and 1860 it belonged to the Papal State⌊BononiaBologna (Bononia), city in Italy at the southern end of the plain of the Po valley, between 1506 and 1860 it belonged to the Papal State⌋, quod sub id tempus in Greece⌊GraeciaGreece⌋ horribilia quaedam ostenta in aere apparuerint: utpote armatae acies acriter conflictantes.

Illud pene praetermississem, quod maxime Reverendissimam Dominationem Tuam scire cupii. Praeteritis mensibus quid in Silesia (Śląsk), region mainly in today's southwestern Poland, in 1526-1741 under Habsburg rule as part of the Czech-Hungarian legacy of Ferdinand I⌊SilesiaSilesia (Śląsk), region mainly in today's southwestern Poland, in 1526-1741 under Habsburg rule as part of the Czech-Hungarian legacy of Ferdinand I⌋ prope Legnica (Liegnitz), town in Silesia, the capital of the Duchy of Legnica⌊LegnitiumLegnica (Liegnitz), town in Silesia, the capital of the Duchy of Legnica⌋ acciderit, audiat. Ferunt caco written over a⌈aoo written over a⌉daemonem sub honesti viri persona convenisse quendam adulescentem et solicitasse, ut sibi a servitio esset; pingui mercede proposita in suum famulatum perduxisse hac vero sola universi servitii summa indicata, quippe ut quandocumque sacris contionibus interesset, tantummodo ipsum evangelium audiret, porro ab omni reliqua BCz, 1597, p. 452 interpretatione sese festinanter submovere written over a⌈arere written over a⌉t. Adolescens itaque, ut narratur on the margin⌈ut narraturut narratur on the margin⌉, haec imperata heri saepius fecit. Audito evangelio templum egrediebatur. Sed tandem in quadam contione meditabundus cons perstitit ac interpretationi constanter praebuit aures. Tum concionator forte illa verba ex epistula Saint Peter (Simon), one of the Twelve Apostles, considered the first Pope⌊Divi PetriSaint Peter (Simon), one of the Twelve Apostles, considered the first Pope⌋ recitabat: “Diabolus tamquam leo rugiens circumit, quaerens, quem devoret” Quibus verbis auditis et perpensis coepit secum adulescens diligentius Domini praescripta revolvere ac demum meras diaboli insidias agnoscere on the margin in place of crossed-out visse⌈vissescerescere on the margin in place of crossed-out visse⌉, nec umquam interpre written over a⌈aee written over a⌉tationem sacram reliquit written over sse⌈ssett written over sse⌉. Dehinc paucos post dies ille cacodaemon in quodam montoso loco iterum accessit adulescentem. Percunctatus est ex eo, an recepto servitio satisfaceret. Is vero respondit se nolle tam impio BCz, 1597, p. 453 oneri mancipare. Cumque diabolus immensa pecuniarum copia promissa conaretur persuadere, adulescens subito se procul salvus praecipitavit. Inde cacodaemon evanuit ac admirandus strepitus in aere exortus est: deciditque celeri casu maxima vis carbonum. Adolescens visis his in urbem properavit et rem omnem exposuit, atque multos eduxit ad conspiciendum acervum carbonum. Id non solum ore circumfertur, sed et typis excuditur, ut ex parente accepi. Quid, si et Lutherani prisca monachorum insomnia imitari incipiant?

Reginula Isabella Jagiellon (*1519 – †1559), 1539-1559 Queen of Hungary; from 1539 wife of John Zápolya, King of Hungary, mother of John II Sigismund Zápolya; daughter of Sigismund Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Bona Sforza⌊IsabellaIsabella Jagiellon (*1519 – †1559), 1539-1559 Queen of Hungary; from 1539 wife of John Zápolya, King of Hungary, mother of John II Sigismund Zápolya; daughter of Sigismund Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Bona Sforza⌋ nubit John Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌊regi IoanniJohn Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌋, qui quidem huc mittit pro abducenda ux written over ...⌈... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉uxux written over ...⌉ore quattuor legatos numerosissimo et splendidissimo cum comitatu. Propediem BCz, 1597, p. 454 aderunt. Fertur hisce liberalibus diebus Isabella Jagiellon (*1519 – †1559), 1539-1559 Queen of Hungary; from 1539 wife of John Zápolya, King of Hungary, mother of John II Sigismund Zápolya; daughter of Sigismund Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Bona Sforza⌊IsabellamIsabella Jagiellon (*1519 – †1559), 1539-1559 Queen of Hungary; from 1539 wife of John Zápolya, King of Hungary, mother of John II Sigismund Zápolya; daughter of Sigismund Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Bona Sforza⌋ ad John Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌊maritumJohn Zápolya (János Szapolyai) (*1487 – †1540), 1526-1540 King of Hungary; son of István Szapolyai and Jadwiga of Cieszyn in 1540 married Isabella, dauther of of King Sigismund Jagiellon of Poland. He fought against Ferdinand of Habsburg for the right to the title of King of Hungary⌋ profecturam, cum serenissima Bona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌊materBona Sforza (*1494 – †1557), Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1518-1557); the second wife of Sigismund I Jagiellon; Duchess of Bari and Rossano; daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and Isabella of Aragon⌋ preciosissimum et admirandum ornatum adparari iam curavit, adeo, ut saepius dicat, pro reginula Jadwiga (Hedwig) Jagiellon (*1513 – †1573), 1535–1571 Electress of Brandenburg; wife of Joachim II Hektor von Hohenzollern, Elector of Brandenburg, daughter of Sigismund I Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Queen Barbara Zápolya⌊HedvigiJadwiga (Hedwig) Jagiellon (*1513 – †1573), 1535–1571 Electress of Brandenburg; wife of Joachim II Hektor von Hohenzollern, Elector of Brandenburg, daughter of Sigismund I Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Queen Barbara Zápolya⌋, sponsum venisse quidem excellentissimo cum com written over equ⌈equcomcom written over equ⌉itatu, e written over a⌈aee written over a⌉t Isabellam suam longe cum ditissimo apparatu discessuram.

Intellexi nuntios terrarum iam tandem accessisse ad contributionem pro cuiusque facultatibus aestimatam, de qua suprascripsi, ita tamen, ut et ecclesiasticus ordo idem oneris subeat. Nunc itaque de hac re cum ecclesiasticis tractatur. Quod si et hii assentientur, brevi comitiis suprema manus addetur. BCz, 1597, p. 455 Percepi eosdem nuntios pertinaciter adhuc repugnare in aperiendo itinere Silesitico. Alii tamen affirmant certissimo futurum, ut rursus liberum illud iter fiat.

Marcin Kromer (Martinus Cromerus) (*1512 – †1589), diplomat, historian, religious and political writer, doctor of both canon and civil law; ennobled in 1552; 1535 scribe of the royal chancellery and secretary of Cracow bishop Jan Chojeński; 1538 canon at the collegiate chapter in Pułtusk, 1540 secretary of Cracow bishop Piotr Gamrat, 1542 parish priest in Biecz; 1544 Cracow canon, 1544-1569 royal secretary (for Prussian affairs), 1551 Ermland canon; 1569 coadjutor of Ermland bishop Stanisław Hozjusz, 1579 - Ermland bishop, 1543 - royal envoy to Wrocław, 1544 - to Rome, 1547 - to Ferdinand I of Habsburg (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 255)⌊Martinus CromerusMarcin Kromer (Martinus Cromerus) (*1512 – †1589), diplomat, historian, religious and political writer, doctor of both canon and civil law; ennobled in 1552; 1535 scribe of the royal chancellery and secretary of Cracow bishop Jan Chojeński; 1538 canon at the collegiate chapter in Pułtusk, 1540 secretary of Cracow bishop Piotr Gamrat, 1542 parish priest in Biecz; 1544 Cracow canon, 1544-1569 royal secretary (for Prussian affairs), 1551 Ermland canon; 1569 coadjutor of Ermland bishop Stanisław Hozjusz, 1579 - Ermland bishop, 1543 - royal envoy to Wrocław, 1544 - to Rome, 1547 - to Ferdinand I of Habsburg (WYCZAŃSKI 1990, p. 255)⌋, doctus sane iuvenis, valde me rogavit per litteras, ut aliquando suo nomine diligentissimam et officiosissimam salutem Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae adscriberem. Is nunc dat operam studiis Bologna (Bononia), city in Italy at the southern end of the plain of the Po valley, between 1506 and 1860 it belonged to the Papal State⌊BononiaeBologna (Bononia), city in Italy at the southern end of the plain of the Po valley, between 1506 and 1860 it belonged to the Papal State⌋, sub Alciato, longe omnium nostra aetate illo eruditissimo iureconsulto, quem ut ego audire olim possim, in perpetuis votis mihi est.

Quod superest, impensissime a Reverendissima Dominatione Tua peto, velit mea temeraria et inculta scripta benignius interpretari ac paper damaged⌈[c]c paper damaged⌉ me BCz, 1597, p. 456 pollicita gratia complecti, quam quidem maximi facio. Iam vero mea obsequia et promptissima et creberrima Reverendissimae Dominationi Tuae dedico. Quam Deus Immortalis optime incolumem, hilarem et felicem diu conservet. Huic me iterum atque iterum trado et commendo.

Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌈Dat(ae)Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌉ Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋, 12 die Ianuarii, anno a partu Virginis 1539.

Reverendissimae D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌈D(ominationis)D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌉ Tuae addictissimus clientulus Stanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌊Stanislaus AichlerStanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌋

[1] Missing parts of address were written on lost piece of paper the seal was impressed through.

BCz, 1597, p. 730

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia episcopo WarmiensiIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ etc. Domino suo gratiossisimo

BCz, 1597, p. 727

Salutem et perpetuum felicitatis incrementum cum omni servitiorum promptitudine. Reverendissime Domine, Patrone incomparabilis.

Inter tot meas publicas occupationes, quibus indies ab<s>que ulla cessatione distineor, non potui non vel aliquot saltem verba ad Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram exarare, ne plane immemor Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae esse viderer. Breviter, unum illud a Reverendissima Dominatione Vestra desideranter et humiliter peto, dignetur me in suorum albo benigniter retinere, quo quidem mihi nil optatius et antiquius esse potest.

De libello Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae (qui iam fere excussus est typis) dominus doctor Stanisław Hozjusz (Stanisław Hosz, Stanislaus Hosius) (*1504 – †1579), diplomat and theologian; 1534-1538 secretary to the Bishops of Cracow Piotr Tomicki and Jan Chojeński; 1538-1549 royal secretary; 1538-1549 Canon of Ermland (Warmia) and from 1539 Cantor; 1540-1550 Canon of Cracow; 1549-1551 Bishop of Kulm (Chełmno); 1551-1579 Bishop of Ermland; in 1560 elevated to Cardinal; 1561-1563 Papal Legate to the General Council of Trent; in 1573 appointed Grand Penitentiary to Pope Gregory XIII (SBKW, p. 95-96; KOPICZKO 2, p. 129-130)⌊HosiusStanisław Hozjusz (Stanisław Hosz, Stanislaus Hosius) (*1504 – †1579), diplomat and theologian; 1534-1538 secretary to the Bishops of Cracow Piotr Tomicki and Jan Chojeński; 1538-1549 royal secretary; 1538-1549 Canon of Ermland (Warmia) and from 1539 Cantor; 1540-1550 Canon of Cracow; 1549-1551 Bishop of Kulm (Chełmno); 1551-1579 Bishop of Ermland; in 1560 elevated to Cardinal; 1561-1563 Papal Legate to the General Council of Trent; in 1573 appointed Grand Penitentiary to Pope Gregory XIII (SBKW, p. 95-96; KOPICZKO 2, p. 129-130)⌋, singularis profecto et fidissimus Aristarchus, uberius certiorem faciet Reverendissimam Dominationem Vestram.

Mitto Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae quandam cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Tiedemann GIESE Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński), 1539-07-16, CIDTC IDL 2193, Est et epistula Melancthonis ad senatum Venetum et nescio, quae alia nondum a me lecta⌊cf. Philipp Melanchthon, Epistola Philippi Melanthonis ad Senatum Venetum. Oratio publice habita Wittenbergae in promotione Doctoris Iuris. De scripto Iure et Dignitate Veterum Interpretum Iuris, Nürnberg, 1539 ⌊cf. Melanchthons Briefwechsel: Band T 8: Texte 1980-2335 (1538-1539), ed. by Christine Mundhenk, Heidi Hein, Judith Steiniger, Stuttgart - Bad Cannstatt, 2007, series: Melanchthons Briefwechsel: Kritische und kommentierte Gesamtasugabe, T 8 , No, 2135, p. 283-289⌊epistulamcf. Melanchthons Briefwechsel: Band T 8: Texte 1980-2335 (1538-1539), ed. by Christine Mundhenk, Heidi Hein, Judith Steiniger, Stuttgart - Bad Cannstatt, 2007, series: Melanchthons Briefwechsel: Kritische und kommentierte Gesamtasugabe, T 8 , No, 2135, p. 283-289⌋ Philipp Melanchthon (Philipp Schwartzerd) (*1497 – †1560), Lutheran theologian, humanist, Martin Luther's collaborator and friend, author of the Augsburg Confession. He was strongly influenced by Luther, whom he called his spiritual father. In 1519 he was present as a spectator at the disputation of Leipzig between Martin Luther and Johann Eck. He was also in attendance at the Diet of Augsburg (1530) and at the religious colloquy of Worms (1557)⌊Philippi MelanchtonisPhilipp Melanchthon (Philipp Schwartzerd) (*1497 – †1560), Lutheran theologian, humanist, Martin Luther's collaborator and friend, author of the Augsburg Confession. He was strongly influenced by Luther, whom he called his spiritual father. In 1519 he was present as a spectator at the disputation of Leipzig between Martin Luther and Johann Eck. He was also in attendance at the Diet of Augsburg (1530) and at the religious colloquy of Worms (1557)⌋ et orationemcf. Philipp Melanchthon, Epistola Philippi Melanthonis ad Senatum Venetum. Oratio publice habita Wittenbergae in promotione Doctoris Iuris. De scripto Iure et Dignitate Veterum Interpretum Iuris, Nürnberg, 1539 ⌋cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Tiedemann GIESE Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński), 1539-07-16, CIDTC IDL 2193, Est et epistula Melancthonis ad senatum Venetum et nescio, quae alia nondum a me lecta⌋ mihi nudiustertius Wrocław (Breslau, Vratislavia), city in southwestern Poland, on the Oder river, historical capital of Silesia, from 1526 ruled by the Habsburgs⌊WratislaviaWrocław (Breslau, Vratislavia), city in southwestern Poland, on the Oder river, historical capital of Silesia, from 1526 ruled by the Habsburgs⌋ ab amico missam.

Rectissime valeat Reverendissima Dominatio Vestra, cui me omnino commendo atque trado.

Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌈Dat(ae)Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌉ Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋, 7 Iulii, anno 1539.

Reverendissimae D(ominationi) or D(ominationis)⌈D(ominationi)D(ominationi) or D(ominationis)⌉ Vestrae addictissimus cliens, doctor Stanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌊Stanislaus AichlerStanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌋

BCz, 1597, p. 846

Reverendissimo in Christo Patri, Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni Dei gratia episcopo WarmiensiIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋, domino et patrono suo longe gratiosissimo

BCz, 1597, p. 843

Salutem et felicitatem cum mei meorumque officiorum commendatione. Reverendissime Domine, Patrone incomparabilis et observantissime.

Quo cum affectu proximum Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae cf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Stanisław AICHLER Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński), ca. 1539-09-25, CIDTC IDL 6621, letter lost⌊epistoliumcf. Ioannes DANTISCUS to Stanisław AICHLER Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński), ca. 1539-09-25, CIDTC IDL 6621, letter lost⌋ acceperim atque perlegerim, referre supervacaneum est. Gaudeo me rem gratam Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae fecisse cf. poem ca. 1539-07, CIDTC IDT 690;
poem ca. 1539-07, CIDTC IDT 686⌊versiculis meiscf. poem ca. 1539-07, CIDTC IDT 690;
poem ca. 1539-07, CIDTC IDT 686⌋ qualibuscumque. Utinam vero ego tam splendide et tot laudibus cf. Carmen paraeneticum ad Constantem Alliopagum. Pio lectori before 1539-08-13, CIDTC IDP 53;
Carmen paraeneticum ad Constantem Alliopagum before 1539-08-13, CIDTC IDP 54⌊Paraenesimcf. Carmen paraeneticum ad Constantem Alliopagum. Pio lectori before 1539-08-13, CIDTC IDP 53;
Carmen paraeneticum ad Constantem Alliopagum before 1539-08-13, CIDTC IDP 54⌋ Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae exornassem, quemadmodum par fuit et illa optime meruit. Ceterum restitutio poematis Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae non meo levi fragilique sed domini Stanisław Hozjusz (Stanisław Hosz, Stanislaus Hosius) (*1504 – †1579), diplomat and theologian; 1534-1538 secretary to the Bishops of Cracow Piotr Tomicki and Jan Chojeński; 1538-1549 royal secretary; 1538-1549 Canon of Ermland (Warmia) and from 1539 Cantor; 1540-1550 Canon of Cracow; 1549-1551 Bishop of Kulm (Chełmno); 1551-1579 Bishop of Ermland; in 1560 elevated to Cardinal; 1561-1563 Papal Legate to the General Council of Trent; in 1573 appointed Grand Penitentiary to Pope Gregory XIII (SBKW, p. 95-96; KOPICZKO 2, p. 129-130)⌊doctoris HosiiStanisław Hozjusz (Stanisław Hosz, Stanislaus Hosius) (*1504 – †1579), diplomat and theologian; 1534-1538 secretary to the Bishops of Cracow Piotr Tomicki and Jan Chojeński; 1538-1549 royal secretary; 1538-1549 Canon of Ermland (Warmia) and from 1539 Cantor; 1540-1550 Canon of Cracow; 1549-1551 Bishop of Kulm (Chełmno); 1551-1579 Bishop of Ermland; in 1560 elevated to Cardinal; 1561-1563 Papal Legate to the General Council of Trent; in 1573 appointed Grand Penitentiary to Pope Gregory XIII (SBKW, p. 95-96; KOPICZKO 2, p. 129-130)⌋, veri Aristarchi, acerrimo iudicio confecta est. Ego certe id, quod potui, praestiti, enimvero mihi nil magis in optatis est, quam ut Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae quavis ratione gratificari queam.

Nulla nova scitu digna apud nos sunt praeter illud et satis calamitosum infaustumque, quod nempe Aenobarbus ille truculentissimus numerosissimis The Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌊TurcarumThe Ottoman Turks (Turcae) ⌋ copiis summa vi inexhausta crudelitate Castellum Novum oppresserit et tandem expugnaverit, non tamen sine maxima suorum clade, quae quidem tanta fuit, ut victor victus esse videretur.

Plura libenter scriberem, cum si quae digna haberem, tum si inter tot publica negotia vacaret.

Dominus parens meus Reverendissimae D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌈D(ominationis)D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌉ Vestrae addictissimus una cum noverca mea seu verius matre vicissim Reverendissimae Dominationi Vestrae omnia laetissima saluberrimaque precantur. Quod reliquum est me totum gratiae Reverendissimae Dominationis Vestrae etiam atque etiam studiosissime commendo, quam Optimus Maximus Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌊ChristusJesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ), in Christianity the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament⌋ incolumem omni prosperitatis genere quam diutissime accumulare dignetur.

Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌈Dat(ae)Dat(ae) or Dat(um)⌉ Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊CracoviaeCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋, sabbato post Francisci, anno Domini MDXXXIX.

Reverendissimae D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌈D(ominationis)D(ominationis) or D(ominationi)⌉ Vestrae deditissimus clientulus, doctor Stanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌊Stanislaus AichlerStanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌋

AAWO, AB, D. 70, f. 315r

D(omi)no Stanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌊AichelerStanisław Aichler (Stanislaus Glandinus) (*1520 – †1585), doctor of canon and civil law in Bologna (1537), humanist, lawyer, poet, son-in-law of Jost Ludwig Dietz (Decius); 1538 Cracow town clerk; alderman of Magdeburg law at the Cracow castle (PSB 1, s. 33)⌋

Unsernn freuntlichen grus / und alles guts zuvorann. Ersamer, namhafter her, bosunder gutter freundt.

Wir haben an euren ersamenn Cracow Town Council ⌊radtCracow Town Council ⌋ koninglicher stadt Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊KrokowCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋ / dieweil solches dieses landes notturft / auf bitte Council of Royal Prussia the most important local authority in Royal Prussia. It consisted of two bishops (of Ermland (Warmia), who served as the Council’s president, and of Kulm (Chełmno)), three voivodes (of Kulm, Marienburg (Malbork), and Pomerania), three castellans (of Kulm, Elbing (Elbląg), and Gdańsk (Danzig)), three chamberlains (of Kulm, Marienburg, and Pomerania), and representatives of the three Great Prussian Cities – Gdańsk, Thorn (Toruń), and Elbing (ACHREMCZYK 2016, p. 17-18)⌊aller hern redteCouncil of Royal Prussia the most important local authority in Royal Prussia. It consisted of two bishops (of Ermland (Warmia), who served as the Council’s president, and of Kulm (Chełmno)), three voivodes (of Kulm, Marienburg (Malbork), and Pomerania), three castellans (of Kulm, Elbing (Elbląg), and Gdańsk (Danzig)), three chamberlains (of Kulm, Marienburg, and Pomerania), and representatives of the three Great Prussian Cities – Gdańsk, Thorn (Toruń), and Elbing (ACHREMCZYK 2016, p. 17-18)⌋, / dieweil solchs Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), region, part of Prussia annexed to the Kingdom of Poland in 1466 under the provisions of the Second Peace of Thorn⌊dieses landesRoyal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), region, part of Prussia annexed to the Kingdom of Poland in 1466 under the provisions of the Second Peace of Thorn⌋ notturft erfurdert, / wegen ihres hofes, / den sie zu Piotrków (Petricovia), city in central Poland, in the 15th-16th century the location of the assemblies of the Diet (Sejm) of the Kingdom of Poland, today Piotrków Trybunalski⌊PeiterkowPiotrków (Petricovia), city in central Poland, in the 15th-16th century the location of the assemblies of the Diet (Sejm) of the Kingdom of Poland, today Piotrków Trybunalski⌋ haben, / und dismol dissen Diet of Poland ⌊ReichstagDiet of Poland ⌋ vieleichte vor sich nicht gebrauchen werdenn, / geschribenn, / und freuntlich gebeten superinscribed⌈gebetengebeten superinscribed⌉, densulben den hern botschaftern, so auf itzi zukunftigenn reichstag in die Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊ChronPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋ an Sigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌊ko(ningliche) m(ajeste)tSigismund I Jagiellon (Zygmunt I) (*1467 – †1548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506-1548); Duke of Głogów (Glogau) (1499-1506), Duke of Opava (1501-1506), Governor of Silesia (1504-1506); son of King Kazimierz IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Austria⌋, u(nsern) a(ller) g(nedigsten), von hinnen superinscribed in place of crossed-out weg⌈weg von hinnen von hinnen superinscribed in place of crossed-out weg⌉ in dieses landes obligen sollen geschickt werdenn, / zu vorgunsten / ihr lager v und boquemickeit mit ihren pferden und gesinde darinnen zuhaben / ihnen superinscribed⌈ihnenihnen superinscribed⌉ zuvorgunsten, / welchen brieft wir hiebeiegesigelt E(wer) E(rbarkei)t zuschickenn / mit freuntlicher bitte, densulbenn einem ersamen Cracow Town Council ⌊radtCracow Town Council ⌋ daselbst zuantwortenn. / Und dieweil E(wer) E(rbarkei)t nicht wenig diesem lande Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), region, part of Prussia annexed to the Kingdom of Poland in 1466 under the provisions of the Second Peace of Thorn⌊PreusenRoyal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), region, part of Prussia annexed to the Kingdom of Poland in 1466 under the provisions of the Second Peace of Thorn⌋ mit freuntschaft zugethan, ist uns auch, und unserm seligen vorfharn, hern Mauritius Ferber (*1471 – †1537), doctor of both canon and civil law; from 1507 Canon of Ermland (Warmia) and Lübeck; from 1514 Canon of Trier; 1512-1515 parish priest of the Church of Saints Peter and Paul in Gdańsk (Danzig); from 1516 Custos of Ermland and parish priest of the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Gdańsk; from 1519 Canon of Dorpat; from 1523 Canon of Revel; 1523-1537 Bishop of Ermland (KOPICZKO 2, p. 71-72; SBKW, p. 59-60)⌊MauritioMauritius Ferber (*1471 – †1537), doctor of both canon and civil law; from 1507 Canon of Ermland (Warmia) and Lübeck; from 1514 Canon of Trier; 1512-1515 parish priest of the Church of Saints Peter and Paul in Gdańsk (Danzig); from 1516 Custos of Ermland and parish priest of the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Gdańsk; from 1519 Canon of Dorpat; from 1523 Canon of Revel; 1523-1537 Bishop of Ermland (KOPICZKO 2, p. 71-72; SBKW, p. 59-60)⌋, mit alter freuntschaft verwandt ist, / bei gedochtem written over nn⌈nnmm written over nn⌉ einem ersamen radt zu Cracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌊KrakowCracow (Kraków, Cracovia), city in southern Poland, Małopolska, on the Vistula river, from 1038 capital of the Kingdom of Poland⌋, / des E(wer) E(rbarkei)t auch nicht des gerinsten superinscribed in place of crossed-out s⌈s(n)n superinscribed in place of crossed-out s⌉ gelidts eine ist, / und darum viel bei ihnen erhalten mag vormag, fleissige superinscribed⌈fleissigefleissige superinscribed⌉ anzuhaltenn, / damit gedochter hof superinscribed⌈hofhof superinscribed⌉ den hern angesatzten dieses landes botschafternn zum besten / muge erhalten werdenn. / Woran E(wer) E(rbarkei)t diesem gantzen Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), region, part of Prussia annexed to the Kingdom of Poland in 1466 under the provisions of the Second Peace of Thorn⌊landennRoyal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), region, part of Prussia annexed to the Kingdom of Poland in 1466 under the provisions of the Second Peace of Thorn⌋ deren re / und den Council of Royal Prussia the most important local authority in Royal Prussia. It consisted of two bishops (of Ermland (Warmia), who served as the Council’s president, and of Kulm (Chełmno)), three voivodes (of Kulm, Marienburg (Malbork), and Pomerania), three castellans (of Kulm, Elbing (Elbląg), and Gdańsk (Danzig)), three chamberlains (of Kulm, Marienburg, and Pomerania), and representatives of the three Great Prussian Cities – Gdańsk, Thorn (Toruń), and Elbing (ACHREMCZYK 2016, p. 17-18)⌊hern redten allenCouncil of Royal Prussia the most important local authority in Royal Prussia. It consisted of two bishops (of Ermland (Warmia), who served as the Council’s president, and of Kulm (Chełmno)), three voivodes (of Kulm, Marienburg (Malbork), and Pomerania), three castellans (of Kulm, Elbing (Elbląg), and Gdańsk (Danzig)), three chamberlains (of Kulm, Marienburg, and Pomerania), and representatives of the three Great Prussian Cities – Gdańsk, Thorn (Toruń), and Elbing (ACHREMCZYK 2016, p. 17-18)⌋, / auch unser person sulbst, ein angenemen / gefallenn written over m⌈mnnnn written over m⌉ / stets umb E(wer) E(rbarkei)t, die wir gotlichen genaden bovelen, / und die ihrenn / mit alle(m) zugethanem und genigten willen zuboschulden / thun wirdt thun wirdt.

Dat(um) a(us) u(nserem) s(chloss) Wormditt (Orneta), town in Ermland (Warmia), 30 km W of Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński)⌊VormdithWormditt (Orneta), town in Ermland (Warmia), 30 km W of Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński)⌋, XII Octob(ris) M D XLVII.