CIDT&C Corpus of Ioannes Dantiscus' Texts & Correspondence

Letter #2846

Cornelis DE SCHEPPER to Ioannes DANTISCUS
Harderwijk, 1545-07-17

English register: De Schepper describes his two-month journey with the court of the Queen [Mary of Hungary] from Brabant to Vollenhove, where he arrived on 10 July [1545]. That same day he received Dantiscus' letter dispatched on 11 May.

De Schepper cites the war as the reason for his three-year silence. The three letters he received from Dantiscus during this time were his consolation amidst hardships and danger.

He outlines the consequences of the war in the Low Countries: René [de Châlon], the Lord of Halewijn and De Schepper's brother-in-law Cornelis van Zegherscapelle were killed in 1544. In 1543 in the battle of Kempekoel (in agro Zittardiensi), De Schepper's stepson Matthias Laurijn was seriously wounded, but recovered and returned to service. At present he is accompanying imperial secretary Gerard Veltwijck on a mission to the Sultan [Suleiman the Magnificent].

De Schepper informs Dantiscus about the circumstances of Godschalk Ericksen’s death. He sends greetings from the few friends who are still alive: Maximiliaan van Egmond-Buren, Claude Bouton, Hendrik van Witthem and Petrus Clericus, who was a frequent guest of Dantiscus' at the time of the Emperor's coronation in Bologna [1530]. He suggests that Dantiscus reciprocate the greetings in his next letter.

He reports that peace currently reigns in the Low Countries, even though the two kings [Henry VIII Tudor, Francis I of Valois] are in conflict over Boulogne-sur-Mer. The Emperor is attending the Diet in Worms. It is the Emperor's wish to see harmony among the conflicted Germans. De Schepper seldom visits the imperial court; he only serves Queen Mary.

De Schepper's son [Cornelis De Schepper jr.] is studying in Leuven, and his daughter [Anne] is at home with her mother, while his stepdaughter [Catharina Laurijn] married [Wulfaert] van Borselle and has a son with him.

De Schepper received news from Poland from Theodoric [of Vollenhove]. He was surprised to learn of Dantiscus' return to the court. He had rather expected Dantiscus to concentrate on fighting against heresy. He reports on the crisis of religion in the Low Countries. He is particularly concerned about the activity of Jan Łaski [jr.] in East Frisia under the rule of Anna von Oldenburg, widow of Count Enno [Cirksena]. Under Łaski's influence, despite admonition from their neighbours from across the River Ems, they have stopped celebrating Mass and other services there. De Schepper outlines the doctrinal disputes of Łaski, Menno Simons and David Joris. He describes them all as Anabaptists and notes that their supporters continue in the error of their ways despite numerous death sentences. He compares the fight against them to fighting the Hydra.

De Schepper has heard that many of his compatriots, having shed their clergymen's robes, have fled to Prussia. He warns that the results could be disastrous, similar to those in the Low Countries. He senses that changes will ultimately win in Germany and expresses hope that they will not spread further.

He reports that atheism is budding in France under the influence of the Italians. He does not need to inform Dantiscus about the Spaniards. He is not fully aware of the situation in England. In Scotland, religious sympathies are divided. De Schepper asks God for harmony among Christian rulers and the spirit they need to deal with any disaster.

received Schmolainen (Smolajny), 1545-10-13

Manuscript sources:

1	fair copy in Latin, in secretary's hand, author's signature, UUB, H. 155, f. 97-100
2	copy in Latin, 18th-century, LSB, BR 19, No. 61
3	register with excerpt in Latin, Polish, 20th-century, B. PAU-PAN, 8244 (TK 6), a. 1545, f. 20r-21
4	register with excerpt in Latin, English, 20th-century, CBKUL, R.III, 30, No. 153

Prints:

1	DE VOCHT 1961 No. DE, 456, p. 373-375 (English register)
2	CEID 2/2 (Letter No. 82) p. 491-498 (in extenso; English register)

Text & apparatus & commentary Plain text Text & commentary Text & apparatus

UUB, H. 155, f. 100v

Reverendissimo et illustrissimo Praesuli orig. Presuli⌈PraesuliPraesuli orig. Presuli⌉ et Domino, domino Ioannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌊Ioanni DantiscoIoannes Dantiscus (Johannes von Höfen, Ioannes de Curiis, Jan Dantyszek, Johannes Flachsbinder) (*1485 – †1548), eminent diplomat and humanist in the service of the Jagiellons, neo-Latin poet; 1530-1537 Bishop of Kulm; 1537-1548 Bishop of Ermland⌋ episcopo Varmiensi etc., domino et patri ex animo honorandissimo et observandissimo

UUB, H. 155, f. 97r

Reverendissime et illustrissime Praesul orig. Presul⌈PraesulPraesul orig. Presul⌉ et Domine, domine et pater honorandissime et observandissime.

Praemissa paratissima oblatione servitiorum meorum.

Quo tamen vultu, Pater, has aspicies? Neque enim aut ego dicere, aut tu credere potes, quam meum istud triennale silentium mihi pudori sit, utcumque magis infelicitati orig. infoelicitati⌈infelicitatiinfelicitati orig. infoelicitati⌉ quam ulli meae culpae imputandum. Postquam enim aut Dei ira ita exigentibus peccatis nostris, aut fatali quadam ordinatione vicini principes in excidium patriae nostrae conspiravere nobisque cf. Adagia 804 ⌊Diomedea necessitascf. Adagia 804 ⌋ imposita fuit ad defensionem cogitationes omnes nostras convertendi, protinus ita apud me excussa est officiorum amicitiarumque veterum memoria, ut quantumvis subinde conarer illorum UUB, H. 155, f. 97v recordari atque ad solita scribendi munia redire, id tamen a me ipso imperare non potuerim. Quid, quod litteras orig. literas⌈litteraslitteras orig. literas⌉ ad te scribi inceptas iamque ad finem fere perductas non semel deserere coegerit importunum negotium orig. negocium⌈negotiumnegotium orig. negocium⌉, dum subito aliorum imperiis subiecto alio evolandum illaeque e manibus eiciendae orig. eiiciendae⌈eiciendaeeiciendae orig. eiiciendae⌉ erant? Ut interim taceam pericula, labores corporis atque animi, cladem domesticam et pleraque alia incommoda, quae a belli initio mihi inter paucos haurienda perferendaque fuere. Quo fit, ut non verear, Pater, apud te asserere, quantumvis in hoc genere officii delictum obmissumve sit, id nulla devotionis meae erga te diminutione accidisse. Etenim Deum testor immortalem tui apud me integram, perfectam sacrosanctamque memoriam, cf. [Ioannes DANTISCUS] to Cornelis [DE SCHEPPER] Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński), 1543-01-29, CIDTC IDL 2612;
Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545-05-11, CIDTC IDL 6697, letter lost;
Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1542 - 1545, before July 17, CIDTC IDL 6925, letter lost⌊litteras orig. literas⌈litteraslitteras orig. literas⌉cf. [Ioannes DANTISCUS] to Cornelis [DE SCHEPPER] Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński), 1543-01-29, CIDTC IDL 2612;
Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1545-05-11, CIDTC IDL 6697, letter lost;
Ioannes DANTISCUS to Cornelis DE SCHEPPER 1542 - 1545, before July 17, CIDTC IDL 6925, letter lost⌋ autem, quas a te paucas et non supra ternas accepi, inter adversa summae consolationi voluptatique fuisse, utcumque me incivilitatis atque oblivionis insimularent. Quae omnia et tunc libens a te audivi, et nunc audio atque in optimam accipio partem mei conscius et, quod ex impotentia paternae tuae erga me caritatis orig. charitatis⌈caritatiscaritatis orig. charitatis⌉ proficiscantur, animi securus. Daturus porro sum operam, ut ne in futurum quicquam sis simile in me desideraturus orig. desyderaturus⌈desideraturusdesideraturus orig. desyderaturus⌉.

Ut autem paucis intelligas aliquantam calamitatum nostrarum seriem: damnanda haec bella novissima rapuerunt illustrem René de Châlon (Renatus of Châlon) (*1518 – †1544), 1536-1544 prince of Orange; count of Nassau, stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, and Guelders; son of Hendrik III of Nassau-Breda (CE, vol. 1, p. 291)⌊RenatumRené de Châlon (Renatus of Châlon) (*1518 – †1544), 1536-1544 prince of Orange; count of Nassau, stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, and Guelders; son of Hendrik III of Nassau-Breda (CE, vol. 1, p. 291)⌋ filium illustris quondam domini Hendrik III of Nassau-Breda (*1483 – †1538), son of Count Johann V of Nassau-Dillenburg and Elisabeth of Hessen, married to Mencia de Mendoza, Marquess of Zenete, daughter and heiress of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar y Mendoza, first Marquis of Zenete; Count of Nassau; from 1499 in the service of Archduke Philip of Habsburg as his advisor and military commander in the wars against France and Gueders (1507, 1514), 1515-1522 Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland; 1521 Grand Chamberlain of Charles V of Habsburg (from 1522 to 1529 at the Spanish court), in 1530 followed Charles V to the coronation in Bologna, and attended the Diet of Augsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 5)⌊Henrici de NassouHendrik III of Nassau-Breda (*1483 – †1538), son of Count Johann V of Nassau-Dillenburg and Elisabeth of Hessen, married to Mencia de Mendoza, Marquess of Zenete, daughter and heiress of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar y Mendoza, first Marquis of Zenete; Count of Nassau; from 1499 in the service of Archduke Philip of Habsburg as his advisor and military commander in the wars against France and Gueders (1507, 1514), 1515-1522 Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland; 1521 Grand Chamberlain of Charles V of Habsburg (from 1522 to 1529 at the Spanish court), in 1530 followed Charles V to the coronation in Bologna, and attended the Diet of Augsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 5)⌋, etenim in obsidione Saint-Dizier, town in northeastern France (Champagne-Ardenne), halfway between Strasbourg and Paris⌊urbis Sancti Desiderii orig. Desyderii⌈DesideriiDesiderii orig. Desyderii⌉Saint-Dizier, town in northeastern France (Champagne-Ardenne), halfway between Strasbourg and Paris⌋ pila ferrea ictus postridie interiit nullis ex Anne de Lorraine (*1522 – †1568), daughter of Antoine the Good, Duke of Lorraine, and Renée de Bourbon-Montpensier; Princess of Orange (as the wife of René of Châlon), and Duchess of Aarschot (as the wife of Philippe II of Croÿ)⌊uxoreAnne de Lorraine (*1522 – †1568), daughter of Antoine the Good, Duke of Lorraine, and Renée de Bourbon-Montpensier; Princess of Orange (as the wife of René of Châlon), and Duchess of Aarschot (as the wife of Philippe II of Croÿ)⌋, quae patrem habuit Antoine le Bon (*1489 – †1544), Duke of Lorraine (1508-1544); the eldest son of René II, Duke of Lorraine (MONTER, p. 38-50)⌊Lotharingiae ducemAntoine le Bon (*1489 – †1544), Duke of Lorraine (1508-1544); the eldest son of René II, Duke of Lorraine (MONTER, p. 38-50)⌋, relictis liberis, sed per testamentum Willhelm I of Orange (William the Silent, Willem de Zwijger) (*1533 – †1584), the eldest son of Wilhelm, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, and Juliana of Stolberg-Werningerode; Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, from 1544 Prince of Orange⌊maximo natuWillhelm I of Orange (William the Silent, Willem de Zwijger) (*1533 – †1584), the eldest son of Wilhelm, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, and Juliana of Stolberg-Werningerode; Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, from 1544 Prince of Orange⌋ filiorum Wilhelm I der Reiche of Nassau-Dillenburg der Reiche (*1487 – †1559)⌊Guilielmi comitisWilhelm I der Reiche of Nassau-Dillenburg der Reiche (*1487 – †1559)⌋ patrui sui herede orig. haerede⌈heredeherede orig. haerede⌉ ex asse designato. Nec UUB, H. 155, f. 98r multo[2] post dominus Jan III van Halewijn (*1510 – †1544), son of Joris van Halewijn, and Antoinette de Sainte Aldegonde; Lord of Halewijn⌊de HalewijnJan III van Halewijn (*1510 – †1544), son of Joris van Halewijn, and Antoinette de Sainte Aldegonde; Lord of Halewijn⌋, sub finem vero belli ante Châlons-sur-Marne (Châlons-en-Champagne, Cathalaunum), town in northeastern France, on the Marne river in Champagne, between Saint-Dizier and Reims⌊Cathalau written over i⌈iuu written over i⌉numChâlons-sur-Marne (Châlons-en-Champagne, Cathalaunum), town in northeastern France, on the Marne river in Champagne, between Saint-Dizier and Reims⌋ Cornelis van Zegherscapelle stepbrother of Elisabeth Donche (wife of Cornelis De Schepper)⌊Cornelius a ZegerscappelCornelis van Zegherscapelle stepbrother of Elisabeth Donche (wife of Cornelis De Schepper)⌋ frater Elisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌊uxorisElisabeth Donche (Anna Isabella Donche, Isabeau) (†1549), from 1528 wife of Cornelis De Schepper, mother of Cornelis Jr and Anne, sister of Joanna Donche (AT 16/1, p. 215)⌋ meae simili mortis genere periere. Godschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌊GodtschalcusGodschalk Ericksen (Godschalk Sassenkerle, Godscalcus Ericii, Godscalcus Ericius, Godscalcus Saxocarolus) (†1544), tutor to Christian II's children; 1513 secretary to Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark, 1520-1523 member of the Danish Council of the Realm, 1525 Chancellor of Christian II (in exile), from 1532 in the service of Emperor Charles V; 1533 imperial envoy to Bavaria, 1535 - to Köln, Trier, Münster, and the Hanse towns (DE VOCHT 1961, p.. 15; CE, vol. 1, p. 443)⌋ autem noster bello superstes cum Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesareCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ reversus Valenciennes, town in northern France, belonging to the Habsburg Netherlands, County of Hainaut⌊ValentianasValenciennes, town in northern France, belonging to the Habsburg Netherlands, County of Hainaut⌋ Hainaut (Hannonia, County of Hainaut), county in the Low Countries, from 1482 under Habsburg rule. Its territory corresponds with the Belgian province of Hainaut, and part of the French Département du Nord⌊HannoniaeHainaut (Hannonia, County of Hainaut), county in the Low Countries, from 1482 under Habsburg rule. Its territory corresponds with the Belgian province of Hainaut, and part of the French Département du Nord⌋ urbem ictu calcis equinae in itinere accepto in febrim incidit nec multo post ad superos concessit XXVIII-a Septembris. Antea vero, nempe anno quadragesimo tertio post sesquimillesimum, Matthias Laurijn son of Elisabeth Donche and her first husband Pieter Laurijn (1489-1522), stepson of Cornelis De Schepper⌊Matthias superinscribed, in the hand of sender⌈MatthiasMatthias superinscribed, in the hand of sender⌉ LaurinusMatthias Laurijn son of Elisabeth Donche and her first husband Pieter Laurijn (1489-1522), stepson of Cornelis De Schepper⌋ privignus meus, quem puerum adhuc vidisti, in proelio orig. prelio⌈proelioproelio orig. prelio⌉, quod vigilia Paschae in agro Zittardiensi[3] dubia victoria consertum fuit, multis quidem ictibus similium pilarum, at uno periculosissimo excepto, transfossus equoque deiectus, et pro mortuo habitus, tandem post decem menses praeter spem reconvaluit estque in integram sanitatem restitutus, adeo quod et anno superiore militarit, et nunc in comitatu sit domini Gerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌊Gerardi VeltwiciGerard Veltwijck (*ca. 1500 – †1555), 1545-1547 imperial envoy to Sultan Suleiman I. One of the well-known 16th century Orientalists; as a student of the Collegium Trilingue, he conducted research into the history of the Syrian and Aramaic biblical translations in Venetian and Roman libraries and archives; before 1540 entered the service of Emperor Charles V as a secretary to Chancellor Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, the Imperial Keeper of the Seal and Secretary and Ordinary of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands (SEVERI, 211-212)⌋ secretarii caesarei, viri summa eloquentia atque eruditione, qui ad Suleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌊dominum TurcarumSuleiman the Magnificent (*1494 – †1566), 1520-1566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire⌋ legatione suscepta brevi, ni fallor, Constantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌊ConstantinopoliConstantinople (Istanbul, Constantinopolis), city and capital of the Ottoman Empire, today in western Turkey⌋ futurus est. Malui enim Matthias Laurijn son of Elisabeth Donche and her first husband Pieter Laurijn (1489-1522), stepson of Cornelis De Schepper⌊illumMatthias Laurijn son of Elisabeth Donche and her first husband Pieter Laurijn (1489-1522), stepson of Cornelis De Schepper⌋ perscrutandis variarum gentium moribus honesto in negotio orig. negocio⌈negotionegotio orig. negocio⌉ versari, quam domi per inertiam consenescere, cum orig. quum⌈cumcum orig. quum⌉ praesertim iuventus nostra iam bellis defuncta ad ludicra iocosque cogitationes suas convertat.

Nos hoc tempore alta in pace versamur (quam diuturnam optamus) inter dissidentes duos magnis viribus potentiaque Henry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌊regesHenry VIII Tudor (*1491 – †1547), 1509-1547 King of England; son of Henry VII Tudor and Elizabeth of York

Francis I of Valois (*1494 – †1547), 1515-1547 King of France; son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy⌋, quibus materiam praestat Boulogne-sur-Mer, city in northern France, 1544-1550 occupied by the English⌊BoloniaBoulogne-sur-Mer, city in northern France, 1544-1550 occupied by the English⌋ maritimum oppidum The English (Angli) ⌊AnglisThe English (Angli) ⌋ perquam commodum breviore quam ex Calais (Caletum), city in northern France, on the English Channel⌊CalysioCalais (Caletum), city in northern France, on the English Channel⌋ traiectu, postremo hoc bello de The French ⌊FrancisThe French ⌋ captum. Magni utrimque orig. utrinque⌈utrimqueutrimque orig. utrinque⌉ apparatus facti, minore tamen damno quam fama. Quam haec fabula sit habitura Cast catastrophen, brevi videbimus. Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊CaesarCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ interea agit Worms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌊WormatiaeWorms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌋ nihil magis habens in votis, quam ut dissidia The Germans ⌊GermanorumThe Germans ⌋ componantur.[4] At in eius Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesareae maiestatisCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ aula rarus nunc sum, serenissimam tantum Mary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌊reginam MariamMary of Hungary (Mary of Austria, Mary of Habsburg) (*1505 – †1558), 1521-1526 Queen of Hungary, 1522-1526 Queen of Bohemia, 1530-1556 Governess of the Habsburg Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Charles V; daughter of Philip I of Habsburg and Joanna of Castile, sister of Emperor Charles V, wife of Louis II Jagiellon⌋ harum ditionum gubernatricem observo sorte mea contentus et ambitionis vacuus.

De vestratibus autem abunde orig. habunde⌈abundeabunde orig. habunde⌉ ex Theodoricus of Vollenhove Dantiscus' servant⌊TheodoricoTheodoricus of Vollenhove Dantiscus' servant⌋ intellexi, in quibus mirum inveni, quod iterum ad aulam rediisse inque eadem subinde versari te diceret, arbitrabar enim UUB, H. 155, f. 99r iampridem repudium misisse aulae nihilque minus quam genus illud vitae somniare, quod tamen opto tibi Poland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌊regnoPoland (Kingdom of Poland, Polonia)⌋que illi felicissimum orig. foelicissimum⌈felicissimumfelicissimum orig. foelicissimum⌉. Et est sane, si quando alias, ... illegible⌈...... illegible⌉ nunc viribus omnibus incumbendum, ne pestis ista variarum de sacrosancta fide opinionum serpat latius, quod tua tuique similium opera futurum omnino speramus. Certe finitimae iis regionibus provinciae post longa dissidia nihil iam credere incipiunt. Testis est East Frisia (Ostfriesland, Eastern Frisia), county of the Holy Roman Empire, in northwestern Germany, on the Ems river, now the northwestern part of the German state of Niedersachsen⌊Transamasana sive Orientalis FrisiaEast Frisia (Ostfriesland, Eastern Frisia), county of the Holy Roman Empire, in northwestern Germany, on the Ems river, now the northwestern part of the German state of Niedersachsen⌋, in qua Jan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌊Ioannes a LaskoJan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌋ quondam vester nunc superintendentem agit magnus auctoritate orig. autoritate⌈auctoritateauctoritate orig. autoritate⌉ apud mulierem Anna von Oldenburg (*1501 – †1575), 1540-1561 regent of East Frisia as the guardian for her sons (Edzard, Christoffel and Johan) during their minority; wife of Count Enno II of East Frisia, daughter of Count John V of Oldenburg, and Anna of Anhalt-Zerbst⌊comitemAnna von Oldenburg (*1501 – †1575), 1540-1561 regent of East Frisia as the guardian for her sons (Edzard, Christoffel and Johan) during their minority; wife of Count Enno II of East Frisia, daughter of Count John V of Oldenburg, and Anna of Anhalt-Zerbst⌋ relictam illustris quondam Enno II Cirksena (*1505 – †1540), son of Edzard I, Count of East Frisia, and Elisabeth von Rietberg; ruled together with his younger brother Johann I, who remained Catholic, while Enno converted to Lutheranism; 1528-1540 Count of East Frisia⌊EnnonisEnno II Cirksena (*1505 – †1540), son of Edzard I, Count of East Frisia, and Elisabeth von Rietberg; ruled together with his younger brother Johann I, who remained Catholic, while Enno converted to Lutheranism; 1528-1540 Count of East Frisia⌋[5] optime tibi noti. Cuius quidem Jan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌊IoannisJan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌋ ductu abrogata est missa ceterique cultus divini, quantumvis a nobis, quos Ems (Amasus, Eems), river in northwestern Germany⌊AmasusEms (Amasus, Eems), river in northwestern Germany⌋ tantum ab illis dividit, reclametur admoneaturque provincia exilis viribus et in quam ius Charles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌊caesariCharles V of Habsburg (*1500 – †1558), ruler of the Burgundian territories (1506-1555), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily, King of the Romans (1519-1530), Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation (elected 1519, crowned 1530, abdicated 1556); son of Philip I the Handsome and Joanna the Mad of Castile⌋ ipsiusque maioribus evidens competit, ut ab isto furore desis written over p⌈pss written over p⌉tat. Tantum potest unius Jan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌊viriJan Łaski Jr (Ioannes a Lasco) (*1499 – †1560), Polish evangelical reformer; nephew of Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno and Grand Chancellor of the Crown (PSB 18, p. 237-244)⌋ apud eam regionem dementatio.

Quid apud vos in re simili fiat, haud satis scio, audio tamen refugium in Prussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌊PrussiamPrussia, region in central Europe, bordered by Pomerania, Poland, Lithuania and Livonia. From 1466 Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia (Prussia Regalis), which was a part of the Kingdom of Poland, and Teutonic Prussia (Prussia Ordinis Theutonici) – covering the remnants of the former territory of the Teutonic Order’s state in Prussia. In 1525, the Order’s last Grand Master, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, converted to Lutheranism and became the first lay duke in former Teutonic Prussia (dux in Prussia), which from then on was called Ducal Prussia (Prussia Ducalis). At that time, as a result of the treaty of Cracow, Ducal Prussia became a fief of the kings of Poland⌋ esse plerorumque nostratium, qui aut monachales, aut sacerdotales habitus abiecere, principium sane ad similes calamitates. Quae omnia mihi animo volutanti praesagire videntur extremam in Germany (Germania, Niemcy)⌊GermaniaGermany (Germania, Niemcy)⌋ mutationem, quae utinam longius quoque non pervadat.

Haec ad te, mi Pater, confidenter, ut intelligas, quanto in discrimine versemur sic undique impetiti. Etenim in France (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌊GalliisFrance (Gallia, Francia), the kingdom⌋ atheismum orig. atheysmum⌈atheismumatheismum orig. atheysmum⌉ pullulare pro certissimo est The Italians ⌊ItalorumThe Italians ⌋ vel consuetudine, vel exemplo. The Spaniards ⌊Hispanae gentisThe Spaniards ⌋ ingenia novisti. Quid in England⌊BritanniaEngland⌋ fiat, haud satis scio. In Scotland⌊ScotiaScotland⌋ sunt qui uni, sunt UUB, H. 155, f. 100r et qui[6] alteri religioni faveant. Deus per divinam gratiam principibus Christianis inspiret concordiam animumque ad medendum tam praesentibus malis. Idemque te nobis diutissime servet incolumem.

Ex Harderwijk, town in the Low Countries, the Duchy of Guelders, 50 km NE of Utrecht, a member of the Hanseatic League; today in the Netherlands⌊HarderwijcoHarderwijk, town in the Low Countries, the Duchy of Guelders, 50 km NE of Utrecht, a member of the Hanseatic League; today in the Netherlands⌋ Gheldriae, die XVII-a Iulii anno Domini MDXLV-o.

Reverendissimae et Illustrissimae Dominationis Vestrae humilis inservitor et filius Cornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌊Cornelius ScepperusCornelis De Schepper (Cornelius Scepperus, Cornelis De Dobbele, Cornelius Duplicius) (*1503 – †1555), erudite, diplomat in the Habsburgs' service; close friend of Ioannes Dantiscus; initially in the service of Christian II of Oldenburg, King of Denmark; 1526 secretary and councillor to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg (CE, vol. 3, p. 218-220; DE VOCHT 1961, p. 15-24)⌋

[1] Cisamasam – on this (i.e. West) side of the Ems (Amasus, Eems), river in northwestern Germany⌊EmsEms (Amasus, Eems), river in northwestern Germany⌋ river.

[2] multo written also on the bottom of f. 97v as a catchword

[3] ‘Battle at the Kempekoel’ (also written: Kemperkoel, Kempe(r)koul), also known as the ‘Battle of Sittard’ or ‘Battle of the Kollenberg’, 24 March 1543. The troops of Emperor Charles V, commanded by Philippe de Croÿ, were defeated by the troops of Guelders and Cleves, commanded by Diderik Hoen, Lord of Arcen. Kemperkoel is the toponym of a field near Sittard, a town in the Duchy of Jülich (now in the province of Limburg, the Netherlands) (OBERDORF).

[4] Imperial Diet (Reichstag) ⌊Imperial DietImperial Diet (Reichstag) ⌋ of Worms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌊WormsWorms (Vormatia), city in western Germany, on the Rhine river⌋ of 1545.

[5] Count Enno II of East Frisia died on 24 September 1540.

[6] et qui written also on the bottom of f. 99v as a catchword